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Comparative studies on Y(Ⅲ)and Dy(Ⅲ)extraction from hydrochloric and nitric acids by Cyanex 572 as a novel extractant

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第12期36卷 1342-1350页

作者： N.E.El-Hefny M.S.Gasser Sh.Sh.Emam W.H.Mahmoud H.F.Aly Hot Laboratories Centre Atomic Energy Authority Faculty of Science Ain Shams University

Extraction of Y(III) and Dy(III) from hydrochloric and nitric acids by Cy-572 in kerosene was studied. The factors affecting the extraction were separately investigated. The stoichiometry of the extracted species was deduced on the basis of slope analysis method. Evaluation of extraction equilibrium and stripping investigation was studied as well as saponification effect of Cy-572. The composition of the extracted metal species in the organic phase was found to be [MA·(HA)] for Y(III) or Dy(III) in both media.1.0 mol/L HCI is the best stripping agent for each metal ion from the studied acidic media in one *** Cy-572 does not exhibit any selectivity towards the extraction of Y(III) or Dy(III) from both HCI and HNOsolutions. Based on the obtained results, the data were compared and the separation feasibility between lanthanides and Y(III) in the two media was discussed.

关键词： Extraction Cyanex-572 Yttrium Lanthanides Separation factor Saponification

Simple and sensitive method for the determination of trace amounts of thorium using a benzoquinone derivative

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2019年第5期30卷 22-31页

作者： Mostafa M.Hamed Refaat F.Aglan Hot Laboratories and Waste Management Center Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt

A novel simple, sensitive, rapid, direct, and spectrophotometry-based procedure was investigated to determine Th(IV) at trace amounts. The new method is based on Th(IV) chelation with 3,6-dichloro-2,5-dihydroxy-l,4-benzoquinone(DDBQ). The reagent reacts with Th(IV) in 0.1 M HCl to form an orange 1:2 complex. The stability constant value is 6.62×10~4 for the Th(IV)complex. The Th(IV)-DDBQ obtained shows one peak with a maximum at about 346 nm. The chelate forms immediately and the absorbance remains stable for over24 h. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range0–10 μg mL^(-1). The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity were 4.4×10~4 L mol^(-1)cm^(-1) and 0.0053 μg cm^(-2), respectively. Different analytical parameters were tested in detail. Interfering ion(cations and anions) effects were tested. Methods for Th(IV) determination by second and third-derivative spectrophotometry were also introduced at about 344 and 341 nm, respectively. These two derivative orders offer the feature of sensitivity without the necessity for solvent extraction,heating, or pre-concentration steps. Finally, the methods were successfully utilized for Th(IV) determination in monazite, environmental water, and wastewater samples.

关键词： Th(IV) determination p-benzoquinone derivative Spectrophotometry

Effect of Molybdate Ions on the Corrosion Behaviour of Ti Alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2000年第1期16卷 45-49页

作者： Magda.M.A.Gad, Kamal.E.Mohamed and Abdelwahab A.El-Sayed (Metallurgy Dept., Materials Division, atomic energy authority, Cairo, Egypt) Metallurgy Dept. Materials Division Atomic Energy Authority Cairo Egypt

Titanium alloys are extensively used in power, chemical and petroleum industries as constructional materials for vessels and heat transfer tubes. Moreover they are candidate materials for nuclear waste disposal. These alloys have superior resistance to localized forms of corrosion compared to stainless steels and Ni-base alloys. However, this resistance is not as remarkable in crevice corrosion conditions in some aggressive media. Electrochemical corrosion tests were conducted on two ASTM Ti grades namely, Ti-2 and Ti-12 in extremely low pH acidic environment. Results indicated that Ti-2 has less resistance to both general and crevice corrosion attack than Ti-12. Both alloys possess better resistance to general corrosion than to crevice corrosion. Also, results showed that the molybdate addition improves remarkably the resistance of Ti-2 to both types of attack. The increase of molybdate ions concentration from 0.03 mol/L to 0.15 mol/L made Ti-2 to be as resistant as, or somewhat higher than, Ti-12. The elecrochemical findings were further supplemented by optical examination of the corroded surface.

关键词： Ti Mo Effect of Molybdate Ions on the Corrosion Behaviour of Ti Alloys

Dissecting the molecular basis of spike traits by integrating gene regulatory networks and genetic variation in wheat

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 57-74页

作者： Guo Ai Chao He Siteng Bi Ziru Zhou Ankui Liu Xin Hu Yanyan Liu Liujie Jin JiaCheng Zhou Heping Zhang Dengxiang Du Hao Chen Xin Gong Sulaiman Saeed Handong Su Caixia Lan Wei Chen Qiang Li Hailiang Mao Lin Li Hao Liu Dijun Chen Kerstin Kaufmann Khaled FAlazab Wenhao Yan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenomeAnalysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department for Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Institute for BiologyHumboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin10115 BerlinGermany Plant Research Department Nuclear Research CenterEgyptian Atomic Energy AuthorityCairo 13759Egypt

Spike architecture inﬂuences both grain weight and grain number per spike,which are the two major components of grain yield in bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).However,the complex wheat genome and the inﬂuence of various environmental factors pose challenges in mapping the causal genes that affect spike ***,we systematically identified genes involved in spike trait formation by integrating information on genomic variation and gene regulatory networks controlling young spike development in *** identified 170 loci that are responsible for variations in spike length,spikelet number per spike,and grain number per spike through genome-wide association study and meta-QTL *** constructed gene regulatory networks for young inﬂorescences at the double ridge stage and theﬂoret primordium stage,in which the spikelet meristem and theﬂoret meristem are predominant,respec-tively,by integrating transcriptome,histone modification,chromatin accessibility,eQTL,and protein–pro-tein interactome *** these networks,we identified 169 hub genes located in 76 of the 170 QTL regions whose polymorphisms are significantly associated with variation in spike *** functions of TaZF-B1,VRT-B2,and TaSPL15-A/D in establishment of wheat spike architecture were *** study provides valuable molecular resources for understanding spike traits and demonstrates that combining genetic analysis and developmental regulatory networks is a robust approach for dissection of complex traits.

关键词： bread wheat spike traits genetic variation protein–protein interaction gene regulatory network

Alumina Effect on the Phase Transformation of 3Y-TZP Ceramics

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2008年第6期24卷 873-877页

作者： Ezzat S.Elshazly M.El-Sayed Ali S.M.El-Hout Department of Metallurgy Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy AuthorityCairoEgypt

The isothermal tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation of 3 mol fraction Y2O3-ZrO2 ceramics contain- ing different amounts of Al2O3 during ageing in water at 130℃ for periods of time up to 40 h was investigated to explore the effect of Al2O3 addition on this transformation. The propagation of the transformation into the specimen interiors was suppressed by the addition of Al2O3. The transformation kinetics showed a nucleation and growth mechanism on the specimen surface to be dominant in the low temperature ageing in water environment.

关键词： Phase transformation 3Y-TZP Al2O3 Kinetics

Synergistic Promotion of Electrical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties for Silicone Rubber-based Field Grading Material via Compound Modification

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CSEE Journal of Power and energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 337-350页

作者： Jiale Wu Yangzhi Gong Peiqi Xiong Zexi Xing Xiaofeng Xue Xiao Yang Boyang Shen Xingming Bian State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable energy Sources North China Electric Power University102206 BeijingChina State Grid Fuzhou Electric Power Supply Company Fuzhou 350009Fujian ProvinceChina Electrical Engineering Division University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FAUK

Use of nonlinearconductive SiC/silicone rubber(SR)field grading material(FGM)can improve the local field concentration of composite *** large volume fraction and large-size SiC particles(SiCp)into SR can obtain a good field grading effect,but it is accompanied by the deterioration of mechanical *** SiC with different shapes can solve this *** incorporating one-dimensional SiC whiskers(SiCw)to synergize with granular SiCp,SiC/SR FGM with better field-dependent conductivity,mechanical properties and thermal conductivity than large-size SiCp and large volume fraction filling case can be obtained by using smaller size SiCp and lower filling *** simulations of 500 kv line insulators show that the modified SiC/SR FGM can reduce the maximum field strength along the insulator surface and at sheath-core rod interfaces by 55%and 71.4%,*** combined application of FGM and grading ring can achieve a complementary *** FGM to partially replace the role of the grading rings,the field strength indicators can still meet the operational requirements after the tube radius and shielding depth of the grading rings at both ends are reduced by 36.2%and 40%separately,which is a benefit to alleviating the problems of high weight and large volume faced by traditional field grading methods.

关键词： Compound modification electric field regulation field grading material field-dependent conductivity mechanical properties thermal conductivity

Detection of onset of agglomeration in a bubbling fluidized bed biomass combustor using reactive Eulerian computational fluid dynamics

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 504-515页

作者： Abdullah Tasleem Atta Ullah Fei Li Qun Yi William Nimmo Syed Sheraz Daood Department of Chemical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS)Lehtrar RoadP.O.Nilore45650IslamabadPakistan Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China energy Engineering Group Energy 2050Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS37RDUnited Kingdom Institute of energy and Environmental Engineering Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan energy Engineering Research and Development Centre Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan

The choice of a type of combustion technology to be used for heat or power generation depends on economic,technical,operational and fuel availability *** benefits associated with the evolving market driven by the fluidised bed combustion(FBC)technology cannot be overlooked especially when gauged at 65 GWth of worldwide installed capacity alongside added benefits of handling fuel variation,low pollutant emissions and high combustion *** or biomass waste will continue to have a vital role to play in the future FBC technology-based power *** often contains high levels of inorganic species that can form sticky agglomerates posing a significant risk to boiler operation resulting in unscheduled *** added complexity of the behaviour of the fuel and bed material mix highlights the requirement for simulation models to identify agglomeration to help improve the overall performance and reliability of FBC *** resolve this problem,this research devised a simulation strategy for the detection of agglomeration using the Eulerian–Eulerian *** developed modelling strategy is validated with the experimental data available in literature for two-dimensional simplified geometry of a pilot-scale fluidised bed *** model results were found promising and robust to predict bed defluidisation times and other parameters consistent with the experimental data.

关键词： Fluidized bed combustion Eulerian Models Biomass Agglomeration Defluidisation

Theoretical analysis of the double-differential cross-sections of neutron,proton,deuteron,^(3)He,andαfor the p+^(6) Li reaction

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 181-197页

作者： Fang-Lei Zou Xiao-Jun Sun Jing-Shang Zhang Hai-Rui Guo Yin-Lu Han Rui-Rui Xu Xi Tao Ji-Min Wang Xiao-Dong Sun Yuan Tian Tao Ye Yong-Li Xu Chun-Tian Liang College of Physics Guangxi Normal University541004 GuilinChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Technology 541004 GuilinChina China Institute of atomic energy P.O.Box 275(41)102413 BeijingChina Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics 10094 BeijingChina College of Physics and Electronic Shanxi Datong University037009 DatongChina School of Science Tianjin Chengjian University300384 TianjinChina

Based on the unified Hauser–Feshbach and exciton model,which can describe the particle emission processes between discrete energy levels with energy,angular momentum,and parity conservations,a statistical theory of light nucleus reaction(STLN)is developed to calculate the double-differential cross-sections of the outgoing neutron and light charged particles for the proton-induced^(6) Li reaction.A significant difference is observed between the p+^(6) Li and p+^(7) Li reactions owing to the discrepancies in the energy-level structures of the *** reaction channels,including sequential and simultaneous emission processes,are analyzed in *** the double-differential cross-sections of the outgoing proton as an example,the influence of contaminations(such as^(1) H,^(7)Li,^(12)C,and^(16)O)on the target is identified in terms of the kinetic energy of the first emitted *** optical potential parameters of the proton are obtained by fitting the elastic scattering differential *** calculated total double-differential cross-sections of the outgoing proton and deuteron at E_(p)=14 MeV agree well with the experimental data for different outgoing ***,the mixed double differential cross-sections of^(3) He andαare in good agreement with the *** agreement between the measured data and calculated results indicates that the two-body and three-body breakup reactions need to be considered,and the pre-equilibrium reaction mechanism dominates the reaction *** on the STLN model,a PLUNF code for the p+^(6) Li reaction is developed to obtain an ENDF-6-formatted file of the double-differential cross-sections of the nucleon and light composite charged particles.

关键词： Statistical theory of light nucleus reaction p+^(6)Li reaction Light composite charged particle Double-differential cross-sections Two-body breakup Three-body breakup

Promoted hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol over single-atom Cu sites with Na+-decorated microenvironment

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 264-272页

作者： Li-Li Ling Xinyu Guan Xiaoshuo Liu Xiao-Mei Lei Zhongyuan Lin Hai-Long Jiang Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China School of energy and Power Engineering North China Electric Power University School of energy and Environment Southeast University

Although single-atom Cu sites exhibit high efficiency in CO2hydrogenation to methanol,they are prone to forming Cu nanoparticles due to reduction and aggregation under reaction conditions,especially at high ***,single-atom Cu sites stabilized by adjacent Na+ions have been successfully constructed within a metal-organic framework（MOF）-based catalyst,namely *** is found that the electrostatic interaction between the Na+and Hδ-species plays a pivotal role in upholding the atomic dispersion of Cu in MOF-808-NaCu during CO2hydrogenation,even at temperatures of up to 275℃.This exceptional stabilization effect endows the catalyst with excellent activity(306 g·kgcat-1·h-1),high selectivity to methanol（93%） and long-term stability at elevated reaction temperatures,far surpassing the counterpart in the absence of Na+（denoted as MOF-808-Cu）.This work develops an effective strategy for the fabrication of stable single-atom sites for advanced catalysis by creating an alkali-decorated microenvironment in close proximity.

关键词： single-atom sites metal–organic framework CO2 hydrogenation heterogeneous catalysis alkali-metal decoration