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Study of Some Biodemographic Parameters of Caryedon serratus Olivier (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Insect Pest of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica Lin.) Fruit, in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第2期12卷 67-77页

作者： Kilo Francine Marina Ki Koï Wenceslas Kam Emmanuel Kabore Antoine Sanon Zakaria Ilboudo Laboratoire d’Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliqué e (LEFA) UFR/SVT Universit&eacute Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut Supé rieur du D&eacuteveloppement Durable Universit&eacute de Fada N’gourma Fada N’gourma Burkina Faso

The lack of food security leads us to turn to the riches of the forest, namely non-timber forest products (NTFP) and timber forest products (TFP). In Burkina, these products are a source of income for families, improving their living conditions. Tamarindus indica L. that is a NFTP, is widely used in both rural and urban areas. Unfortunately, tamarind is subject to attack by Caryedon serratus. Its biological activity begins on the fruit before the harvest. The aim of our study is to evaluate some biodemographic parameters of the insect pest C. serratus Olivier. First100 healthy T. indica pods were placed in contact with ten pairs of C. serratus for 24 hours. 25 pods, each carrying a maximum of two eggs, were divided into five batches of 5 pods. Then a pair of C. serratus aged less than 24 h was placed in contact with 4 healthy pods for 24 h. Every day, the pair was removed and transferred to another box containing 4 new healthy pods. A total of 20 replicates were performed. The results showed that C. serratus has an average lifespan of 14 days. However, the female (16 days) lived longer and laid an average of 34 eggs during her lifetime. The egg-laying period lasted 14 days, the number of eggs increased until reaching a maximum peak on the 4th day. C. serratus has an embryonic development time of 3 days and an emergence rate of 66.63%. However, the weight of males and females differed significantly (p = 0.0108). We found an intrinsic rate of natural increase of 0.12 and a population doubling time was 5.68 days. These results have enabled us to gain a better understanding of its development cycle and its capacity for regeneration. This allows us to implement control strategies for better stock protection.

关键词： Biodemographic Parameters Stock Caryedon serratus Tamarindus indica

Antioxidant capacity and genoprotective effect of ethanol fruit extract from Detarium microcarpum Guill. and Perr.(Caesalpiniaceae)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第1期7卷 32-36页

作者： AblasséRouamba Maurice Ouedraogo Martin Kiendrebeogo Laboratoire de Biochimie et Chimie Appliqu′ees(LABIOCA) UFR-SVTUniversit′e de Ouagadougou03 BP 7021Ouagadougou 03Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale(LAPA) UFR-SVTUniversit′e de Ouagadougou09 BP 848Ouagadougou 09Burkina Faso

Objective: To evidence the ability of ethanol fruit extract from Detarium microcarpum(D. microcarpum) to preserve DNA integrity against oxidative genomic damage.Methods: Ethanol extract from D. microcarpum fruit pulp was analyzed for its antioxidant capacity using ferric reducing antioxidant power, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl,2,20-azinobis-3-ethyl-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate, superoxide anion, deoxyribose degradation and lipid peroxidation models. The genoprotective activity was assessed ex vivo by comet assay, on liver cells of NMRI female mice using cyclophosphamide(CP) as genotoxic agent.Results: Ethanol extract from D. microcarpum fruit pulp exhibited interesting antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, deoxyribose degradation and lipid peroxidation assays. The extract did not present any genotoxic effect but protected DNA against CP-induced damages with a dose-dependent manner. The genoprotective effect observed was related to the antioxidant molecules of the fruit that scavenged the hydroxyl radical(generated by the metabolism of CP) as well as the peroxyl and alkoxyl radicals issued from lipid peroxidation. Other mechanisms such as inactivation of CP metabolism to genotoxic end products, induction of the expression of antioxidant and DNA repair enzymes have been discussed.Conclusions: Our results suggest that the wild edible fruit from D. microcarpum could be beneficial on consumer's health by its antioxidant and genoprotective effects, particularly during chemotherapies exhibiting genotoxic effects like CP in cancer treatment.

关键词： Antioxidant activity Comet assay Detarium microcarpum Genoprotection

Efficiency of HAART in the prevention of mother to children HIV-1 transmission at Saint Camille medical centre in Burkina Faso,West Africa

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第12期5卷 991-994页

作者： Laure Stella Ghoma Linguissi Cyrille Bisseye Tani Sagna Bolni Marius Nagalo Djeneba Ouermi Florencia W Djigma Salvatore Pignatelli Joseph D Sia Virginio Pietra Remy Moret Jean Baptiste Nikiema Jacques Simpore Centre de Recherche Biomoleculaire Pietro Annigoni(CERBA)/LABIOGENE UFR/SVTUniversite de OuagadougouBurkina Faso Department de Biologie Unirersite des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku(USTM) FrancerilleGabon Centre Medical Saint Camille OuagadougouBurkina Faso

Objective:To evaluate efficiency of HAART in the prevention of mother to child HIV transmission.Methods:A longitudinal study was conducted on 1 300 women attending the antenatal service at Saint Camille Medical Centre from September 2010 to July 2011.The HIV status of mothers was determined by rapid tests and EUSA.Discordant results were confirmed by real-time PCR.PCR was used to determine HIV status of children born from HIV-positive mothers.Results:Among 1 300 pregnant women tested for HIV,378 were seropositive.Mothers were predominantly housewives(69.7%),and their mean age was(28.32±0.15) years.The overall prevalence of HIV transmission from mother to child was 4.8%(18/378).This prevalence differed significantly from 0.0%(0/114) to 6.8%(18/264) in children born from mothers under HAART and those with mothers under New Prophylactic Protocol(ACT + 3TC + NVP),respectively(P< 0.01).Children’s mortality rate during the medical follow up was 1.3%(5/378).Among 16 women with HIV dubious status by ELISA,the Real Time PCR confirmed 2/16(12.5%) as HIV positive. Conclusions:The protocol of prevention of mother to children HIV transmission(PMTCT) is effective.The rate of HIV vertical transmission is significantly reduced.Early diagnosis determined by PCR of children born from HIV- positive mother is necessary and recommended in the context of PMTCT in Burkina Faso.We also found that PCR is an effective tool to confirm HIV status in pregnant women.

关键词： Pregnant Women Child HIV PCR DNA

Chemical and Sr-Nd compositions and ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar ages of NW-trending dolerite dikes of Burkina Faso: Evidence for a Mesoproterozoic magmatism in the West African Craton

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第6期9卷 1957-1980页

作者： Boukare Tapsoba Ching-Hua Lo Urbain Wenmenga Yoshiyuki Iizuka Sun-Lin Chung Gregory Shellnutt Department of Geosciences National Taiwan University ufr-svt Département de Géologie Université Pr.Joseph Ki-Zerbo de Ouagadougou Institute of Earth Sciences Academia Sinica Department of Earth Sciences National Taiwan Normal University

The Paleoproterozoic basement of the northeastern part of the Leo-Man craton is intruded by generally NW-trending dikes. These regional scale dikes extend over 1000 km in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger. We present chemical and Sr-Nd isotope compositions, as well as 40 Ar/39 Ar ages of these dikes with the following strikes N98°-N112°, and N114°-N124° in NE Burkina Faso. Field relationships show that the dikes are posterior to all other rock types dated between 2.26 Ga and 2.0 Ga. Chemical data indicate that the dikes are continental flood basalts and composed of low-Ti(TiO2 ≤ 2 wt.%) sub-alkaline basalts and andesites. They exhibit a minor negative Europium anomaly(0.86-0.99) and slightly fractionated REE patterns((La/Yb)_N= 2.5-9.1; Yb_N = 9.5-19.9). The ratios of Th/Ta(1.3-11.4) and Ce/Pb(5.2-58.5)suggest a varying crustal assimilation of the dike magmas during ascent in the continental crust for all studied samples. Calculated P-T conditions indicate that the magma reached temperatures of 1285 ℃(calculated from olivine compositions) and pressures of 6.9 kbar(calculated for pyroxene minerals).Calculated initial 87 Sr/86 Sr(0.70040-0.70260) and ε_(Nd)(t)=+2.1 to-3.5 at 1575 Ma,also point to a crustal contamination with the most primitive samples showing T_(DM) values of 1946 Ma and 2154 Ma. The low values of La/Ba(<0.2) and Nb/La(<1.0), contrast with the low Th/Nb(<0.9), and suggest a lithospheric mantle or subduction-modified mantle as possible source for the dikes. Sr-Nd data, Mg# and NbTa-Zr-Y-Th-Tb-Yb compositions further suggest that the most primitive samples were emplaced in a none orogenic setting and their magmas were subjected to variable crustal contaminations. Literature and the present whole rock 40 Ar/39 Ar age determinations show that the dikes were emplaced during a widespread Mesoproterozoic magmatism between 1.6 Ga and 1.2 Ga, and were affected by a thermal event causing the argon systematics resetting, best constrained by the date of sample KK1(1236 ± 20 Ma,^(40)Ar/^(36)Ar = 294 ±13, MSWD = 2.2)

关键词： Mafic dike swarm Depleted mantle Mesoproterozoic Continental tholeiites Nuna West African Craton

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD) deficiency is associated with asymptomatic malaria in a rural community in Burkina Faso

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第8期4卷 655-658页

作者： Abdoul Karim Ouattara Cyrille Bisseye Bapio Valery Jean Télesphore Elvira Bazie Birama Diarra Tegwindé Rebeca Compaore Florencia Djigma Virginio Pietra Remy Moret Jacques Simpore Centre for Biomolecular Research Pietro Annigoni(CERBA) LABIOGENE ufr/svt University of Ouagadougou BP 364 OuagadougouBurkina Faso Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology(LABMC) University of Science and Technology of Masuku(USTM)BP 943 FrancerilleGabon

Objective:To investigate 4 combinations of mutations responsible for glucose-6—phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD) deficiency in a rural community of Burkina Faso,a malaria endemic country.Methods:Two hundred individuals in a rural community were genotyped for the mutations A376 G.G202A,A542 T,G680T and T968 C using TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism assays and polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism.Results:The prevalence of the G6 PD deficiency was 9.5%,in the study population.It was significantly higher in men compared to women(14.23%vs 6.0%,P=0.049).The 202A/376 G G6PD Awas the only deficient variant detected.Plasmodium falciparum asymptomatic parasitemia was significantly higher among the C6PD-non—deficient persons compared to the G6PD-deficient(P<0.001).The asymptomatic parasitemia was also significantly higher among G(SPI) nondeficient compared to C6PD—heterozygous females(P<0.001).Conclusions:This study showed that the G6 PD A- variant associated with protection against asymptomatic malaria in Burkina Faso is probably the most common deficient variant.

关键词： Polymerase chain reaction Mutations Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency Asymptomatic malaria Burkina Faso

Woody species composition,diversity and structure of riparian forests of four watercourses types in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第2期22卷 145-158页

作者： Oumarou Sambaré Fidèle Bognounou Rüdiger Wittig Adjima Thiombiano Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie végétales UFR/SVTUniversité de OuagadougouBP 7021 Ouagadougou 03 Burkina Faso Botanical Institute J. W. Goethe-University Frankfurt/M. Germany

Riparian forests are classified as endangered ecosystems in general,particularly in sahelian countries like Burkina Faso because of human-induced alterations and civil engineering works.The modification of this important habitat is continuing,with little attention being paid to the ecological or human consequences of these changes.The objective of this study is to describe the variation of woody species diversity and dynamic in riparian forests on different type of watercourse banks along phytogeographical gradient in Burkina Faso.All woody species were systematically measured in 90 sample plots with sides of 50 m × 20 m.Density,dominance,frequency and species and family importance values were computed to characterize the species composition.Different diver-sity indices were calculated to examine the heterogeneity of riparian forests.A total of 196 species representing 139 genera and 51 families were recorded in the overall riparian forests.The species richness of individuals with dbh ≥ 5cm increased significantly from the North to the South along the phytogeographical gradient and varied significantly between the different types of riparian forests.Similarity in tree species composition between riparian forests was low,which indicates high beta diversity and reflects differences in habitat conditions and topography.The structural characteristics varied significantly along the phyto-geographical gradient and between the different types of riparian forests.The diameter class distribution of trees in all riparian forests showed a reverse ＂J＂ shaped curve except riparian forest of stream indicating vegetation dominated by juvenile individuals.Considering the ecological importance of riparian forest,there is a need to delineate and classify them along watercourses throughout the country.

关键词： biodiversity dynamic species richness rivers streams phytogeographical gradient.

PHENOLIC PROFILE, ANTIBACTERIAL,NEUROPROTECTIVE AND CYTOTOXIC PROPERTIES OF THREE ALGERIAN MENTHA SPECIES

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2015年第4期1卷 87-87页

作者： Brahmi Fatiha Guendouze Naima Madani Khodir PhillipeN.Okusa Martin Kiendrebeogo Kamagaju Léocadie Stévigny Caroline Chibane Mohamed Duez Pierre Laboratoire de Biomathématique Biochimie Biophysique et Scientom6trie Université de Bejaia Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie Bromatologie et Nutrition Humaine Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Laboratoire de Biochimie et Chimie Appliquées (LABIOCA) UFR/SVT Université de Ouagadougou Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre Université Akli Mohand Oulhadj Service de Chimie Thérapeutique et de Pharmacognosie Faculté de Medecine et de Pharmacie Université de Mons(UMONS)

This study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial(direct effect and reversal of antibiotics-resistance),neuroprotective(acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase inhibition)and cytotoxic(MTT assay on 2 human cancer cell lines)properties of three Mentha species[M.pulegium L.(MP),M.rotundifolia(L.)Huds(MR),and M.spicata L.(MS)]harvested in Bejaia(Algeria).The phenolic

关键词： MR MS PHENOLIC PROFILE ANTIBACTERIAL,NEUROPROTECTIVE AND CYTOTOXIC PROPERTIES OF THREE ALGERIAN MENTHA SPECIES

Influence of Host Plants on the Development of Caryedon serratus Olivier (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae), Insect Pest of Groundnut Stocks in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Entomology 2016年第5期4卷 279-292页

作者： Issoufou Ouedraogo Sacamba Aimé Omer Hema Wendgoundi Guenda Dona Dakouo INERA/Station de Farako-Ba Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso ufr-svt Université de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The beetle Caryedon serratusOlivier is a major insect pest responsible for the infesta-tion and damage on groundnut during storage. To understand the infestation mecha-nism of groundnut stocks, studies have been carried out on this insect biology under laboratory conditions in relation with its host plants. The results have demonstrated that the pre-oviposition on groundnut lasts on average 1.28 days. The oviposition pe-riod is 12.04 days, during which 80.42 eggs on average are laid. From hatching to adult stage, C. serratus larvae development goes through four stages with variable durations according to the stage. Three families of host plants (Papilionaceae;Caesalpiniaceae and Mimosaceae) were selected for females C. serratusto lay on their seeds. The re-sults showed that more eggs were laid on the seeds of Papilionaceae (98.75% of in-fested seeds) followed by Caesalpiniaceae (28.59% of infested seeds). Studies were carried out on the laying behavior of C. serratus under laboratory conditions and have revealed that whatever the conditions, C. serratus females lay on all the plant species seeds exposed. Insects’ development duration has varied according to the plant species seeds used.

关键词： Groundnut Storage Caryedon serratus Biology Burkina Faso

Bioecology of Phonoctonus lutescens(Guérin Meneville and Percheron)Predator of Dysdercus voëlkeri(Schmidt,1932),Feeding on Dysdercus voëlkeri in the Laboratory Conditions in Burkina Faso

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第5期11卷 472-486页

作者： Sow Issa Hema S.A.Omer Sanon Antoine Hema Tiemogo INERA/Programme Coton Station de Farako-BaBobo-DioulassoBurkina Faso ufr-svt Universitéde OuagadougouOuagadougouBurkina Faso

The study was conducted at the agricultural experimental station of Farako-Bâ, specifically in the Cotton Program. Insects were collected in Farako-Bâ?field and raised in the Cotton Program. Dysdercus voëkeri Schmidt is one of cotton cultivation main pests in Burkina Faso. The control of this devastating cotton bug is based on chemical using. For researching alternative solutions, a part of the biological control method was investigated by using Phonoctonus lutescens which is D. vöelkeri natural enemy, in order to develop a biological control method. To understand the bioecology of P. lutescens, our study has been carried out on this insect under laboratory conditions when it was feed on its prey which is D. voëkeri. The results have demonstrated that the pre-copulation period is 9.33 ± 2.14 days. The oviposition period is 6.97 ± 1.47 days, after which 366.73 ± 27.43 eggs on average are laid with 92.33% ± 4% hatchability. From hatching to adult stage, P. lutescens larvae development goes through five stages with variable durations according to the stage. The results showed that the development cycle lasted 57.23 ± 5.81 days at a temperature of 27.5°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 42% ± 3%. Survival rates ranged from 92% to 97.47%. Males and females lived respectively 87.5 ± 27.99 days and 107.97 ± 24.21 days. These results could permit a better use of P. lutescens through a mass rearing and an optimization of D. voëkeri biological control.

关键词： Cotton Biological Control Phonoctonus lutescens Dysdercus vo?lkeri Burkina Faso