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Prostate Cancer in the thies Region, Senegal: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects

Open Journal of Urology 2024年第2期14卷 71-82页

作者： Saint Charles Nabab Kouka Linda Bentefouet Mohamed Jalloh Ngor Mack Thiam Modou Faye Modou Diop Mohamed Cisse Amy Diame Yoro Diallo Cheickna Sylla department of Urology Faculty of Health Sciences University Iba Der Thiam of Thies Thies Senegal department of Anatomy Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University Iba Der Thiam of Thies Thies Senegal department of Urology University Cheikh Anta Diop De Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the leading urological cancer. It is the most common cancer in men over 50. Objective: To determine the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of prostate cancer in hospitals in the Thiès region. Patients and Methods: We conducted a descriptive study from January 1st, 2015 to december 31st, 2020. We included all cases of primary prostate cancer confirmed on histology. Results: We collected data on 318 cases of primary prostate cancer during the study period. Mean patient age was 72.7 years (Range: 49;94 years). Family history of prostate cancer was found in 22 patients (6.91%). The average consultation time was 18.6 months. The circumstances of discovery were dominated by obstructive voiding disorders (97.16%). Digital Rectal examination was suggestive in 55.40% of patients. PSA level was above 20 ng/ml in 76.7% of patients. Prostatic adenocarcinoma was the only histological type (100%). Localized cancer represented 7.2% and locally advanced cancer occurred in 36.5% of cases, while metastatic cancer accounted for 56.3%. Radical prostatectomy was performed in 3.18% of cases. Mortality rate was estimated at 8.50% after 1 year. Conclusion: Prostate cancer is the leading urological cancer in the thies region. It is characterized by the predominance of locally advanced and metastatic forms.

关键词： Prostate Cancer Epidemiology Histology Metastasis Mortality thies

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Comparative Study between Dielectric Properties and Compaction Parameters: Case Study on Three Laterite Quarries

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第8期14卷 746-759页

作者： Cheikh Diallo Diene Sabou Sarr Abdoulaye Cissé Mapathé Ndiaye Laboratoire de Gophysique UFR Sciences de lIngnieur University Iba Der Thiam Thies Senegal Laboratoire de Modlisation et de Mcanique des Sols UFR Sciences de lIngnieur University Iba Der Thiam Thies Senegal

This work studies the variability of the relationship between relative permittivity and compaction parameters as a function of certain geotechnical properties for different laterite types. This study allows to purpose the dielectric permittivity as a third compaction parameter allowing to obtain a non destructive control méthod. Preliminary studies on Diack laterite had shown a good correlation. Additional investigations are carried out to verify the possibility of generalizing this correlation to three new laterite careers: Ngoudiane, Yéba and Fandene. To proceed, particle size analysis, Atterberg limits, specific weight tests and compaction according to the modified Proctor test were performed on laterite samples. Using the radar method, experimental permittivities are determined for laterite samples by the point method of propagation times and confirmed by the diffraction hyperbole method. The geotechnical and radar data obtained allowed correlations between permittivity and water content on the one hand and between permittivity and dry density on the other. The results show that the maximum dry density as a function of permittivity corresponds with the optimum Proctor, which confirms the results previously obtained on Diack laterite.

关键词： Radar Laterite Moisture Content Dry density Permittivity Geotechnical Properties

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Study of the Biological Quality of the Water in the Manantali Dam Reservoir: Analysis of the Fish Fauna and Plankton Communities

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 100-114页

作者： Joseph Mbeur Faye Saïdou Ndao Louis Eugène Victor Sambou Laboratory of Water and Environment Sciences and Technologies (LaSTEE) Polytechnic School of Thies (EPT) Thies Senegal ufr Sciences et Technologies (SET) University Iba Der Thiam of Thies (UIDT) Thies Senegal

The aim of this study of the Manantali dam reservoir is to investigate the biological quality of the water through inventories and analysis of the ichthyofauna and planktonic communities (zooplankton and phytoplankton). Inventories of ichthyofauna and plankton communities were carried out quarterly from 2003 to 2022. The fish populations studied on the basis of bioindicators (species richness, diversity index, equitability index, diversification index) identified 29 species belonging to 10 families. The Cichlidae family is the most represented, while the Schilbeidae and Tetraodontioae families are less represented in terms of number of species. The species Hydrocynus forskalii and Brycinus nurse with relative abundances of 40.12% and 21.4% respectively, both from the family Alestidae, are the most abundant. The species H. forskalii has a frequency of occurrence of 100%. The specific diversity index of 2.9 and the equitability index of 0.6 show an average diversity of fish species. The diversification index of 2.9 indicates a theoretical number of habitats of 2 to 3. The planktonic community is made up of zooplankton and phytoplankton. The inventory of zooplankton shows the presence of 28 zooplankton species belonging to 9 families of the three zooplankton groups Rotifera, Cladocera and Copepoda. Analysis of the frequencies of occurrence of the various taxa showed that the characteristic species of Lake Manantali are the omnipresent rotifers Keratella cochlearis, Keratella quadrata and Trichocerca chattoni. For phytoplankton, the inventories carried out show the presence of 65 species belonging to 5 families (Chlorophycees, Diatomees, Dinophycees, Chrysophycees and Cyanophycees). An analysis of the frequency of occurrence of the various taxa shows that the characteristic species of Lake Manantali are Chlorophycees, with 7 species: desmidium baileyi, Micrasterias alata, Sphaerocystis schroeteri, Spondylosium sp., Staurastrum heimii, Staurastrum subanchora, Staurodesmu

关键词： Inventory Fish Zooplankton Phytoplankton Diversity Manantali

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Hydrological Modelling of the Casamance River in Its Upstream Section (Basin at Kolda Level) to Predict Its Future States as a Function of Different Stresses

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第2期14卷 143-154页

作者： Coumba Ndiaye Saïdou Ndao Laboratory of Water and Environment Sciences and Technologies (LaSTEE) Polytechnic School of Thies (EPT) Thies Senegal ufr Sciences and Technologies (SET) University Iba Der Thiam of Thies (UIDT) Thies Senegal

Flow records for stations in the Casamance basin are incomplete. Several gaps were noted over the 1980-2021 study period, making this study tedious. The aim of this study is to assess the potential impact of climate change on the flow of the Casamance watershed at Kolda. To this end, hydrological series are simulated and then extended using the GR2M rainfall-runoff model, with a monthly time step. Projected climate data are derived from a multi-model ensemble under scenarios SSP2-4.5 (scenario with additional radiative forcing of 4.5 W/m2 by 2099) and SSP5-8.5 (scenario with additional radiative forcing of 8.5 W/m2 by 2099). An analysis of the homogeneity of the rainfall data series from the Kolda station was carried out using KhronoStat software. The Casamance watershed was then delimited using ArcGIS to determine the morphometric parameters of the basin, which will be decisive for the rest of the work. Next, monthly evapotranspiration was calculated using the formula proposed by Oudin et al. This, together with rainfall and runoff, forms the input data for the model. The GR2M model was then calibrated and cross-validated using various simulations to assess its performance and robustness in the Casamance watershed. The version of the model with the calibrated parameters will make it possible to extend Casamance river flows to 2099. This simulation of future flows with GR2M shows a decrease in the flow of the Casamance at Kolda with the two scenarios SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 during the rainy period, and almost zero flows during the dry season from the period 2040-2059.

关键词： Casamance Watershed Climate Change GR2M Climate Models

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Ambulatory Uretrocystoscopy in the Urology Andrology department of Grand Mbour Hospital

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第2期14卷 61-70页

作者： Saint Charles Nabab Kouka Ramatoulaye Ly Ngor Mack Thiam Modou Diop Cisse Mouhamed Cheikh Diop Yoro Diallo Cheickna Sylla department of Urology Faculty of Health Sciences University Iba Der Thiam of Thies Thies Senegal

Background: Urethrocystoscopy is a method of endoscopic exploration that allows direct visualization of the urethra and bladder for diagnosis or treatment of diseases of the lower urinary tract. Purpose: To determine the epidemiological profile of patients who underwent urethrocystoscopy and to present the indications and the results of this endoscopic examination. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive study of all patients who underwent outpatient urethrocystoscopy in the Urology and Andrology department of Grand Mbour hospital. The epidemiological data of the patients, the indications, the results of the endoscopic exploration and the additional procedures performed were entered and analyzed with Excel 2016. We performed descriptive statistics. Results: Of the 216 patients who underwent outpatient urethrocystoscopy, we counted 179 men (82.87%) and 37 women (17.13%). The sex ratio was 4.84. The mean age of the patients was 53.71 ± 18.76 years (age range 17 to 91 years). The main indications were lower urinary tract disorders (60.18%) and hematuria (28.70%). Endoscopic exploration revealed prostatic tumor in 69 patients (31.9%), 29 cases of bladder tumors (13.4%) and 19 cases of bilharzia cystitis (8.8%). The urethrocystoscopy was normal in 32 patients (14.8%). Conclusion: Urethrostoscopy is an endoscopic exploration examination that can be performed on an outpatient basis. Lower tract urinary disorders and hematuria were the main indications.

关键词： Urethrocystoscopy Outpatient Indications Diagnosis Mbour

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Screening of Myocardial Cardiotoxicity Induced by Anticancer Chemotherapy and the Importance of Global Longitudinal Strain

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第6期14卷 381-391页

作者： Marguerite Téning Diouf Fatou Aw Hussein Khadra Sophie Ba Doudou Diouf Michel Ngonar Sarr Joseph Salvador Mingou Malick Ndiaye Simon Antoine Sarr Momar Dioum Aliou Alassane Ngaide Serigne Mor Beye Simon Manga Alain Affangla Youssou Diouf Khadimu Rassoul Diop Malick Bodian Mohamed Leye Mouhamadou Bamba Ndiaye Alassane Mbaye Adama Kane Maboury Diao Abdoul Kane Cardiology department of the Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology department Hospital Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal Cardiology department Hospital Fann Dakar Senegal ufr2S Saint Louis Saint Louis Senegal ufr Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Training and Research in Health Sciences Unit University of Thies Thies Senegal Cardiology department Hospital General Idrissa Pouye Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The improvement of survival in patients with cancer and the expansion of therapeutic options have led to the emergence of a new profile of cardiotoxicity, specifically associated with antimitotic agents. Our study aimed to assess the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myocardial toxicity in patients with cancer. Patients and Methods: We conducted a looking-forward longitudinal cohort study including all patients admitted to the Cardiology departments of Aristide le Dantec Hospital and Dalal Jamm National Hospital Centre for apre-chemotherapy check-up. The included patients did not undergo any pre-existing cardiopathy. Results: Over a period of two years ranging from January 2019 to december 2021, a total of 37 patients were included in the study. Notably, there was a female predominance (92%) with an average age of 49.7 years ± 13.69. Breast cancer accounted for 70% of the neoplasms. Laboratory findings revealed moderate anemia in 19 patients (51%). At inclusion, the left ventricle (LV) was of normal size (LV diastole at 44.46 ± 4.97 mm). The systolic function of the left ventricle was normal in all patients, with an average ejection fraction (EF) of 63.1% ± 5.80 and a mean global longitudinal strain (GLS) of −20.4% ± 2.58. The most commonly used agents were anthracyclines. During follow-up, 3 patients (8.1%) developed clinical symptoms of left heart failure, and LV dysfunction on echocardiography was observed in 5 (13.5%) patients, with a significant decrease in EF Conclusion: The incidence of cardiac toxicity is not negligible, hence the importance of early screening. Strain imaging is an essential tool that should be performed as part of the assessment before chemotherapy and re-evaluated during treatment.

关键词： Cancer Chemotherapy Global Longitudinal Strain Cardiotoxicity

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Study of the Efficiency of Vertical Drains by an FEM Method in Soil Treatment for Road Projects: Case of the development and Bitumination Works of the ROCAde Porto-Novo in Benin

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第3期14卷 435-455页

作者： Cheikh Diallo Diène Vitouley Kossi Ghyslain Joël Mamadou Tine Apanda Mbongote Johnny Laboratory of Modelling and Soils Mechanics TRU Engineering Sciences (UFR SI) University Iba Der Thiam Thies Senegal Laboratory of Modelling and Soils Mechanics School of Electrical and Building (ESEBAT) Dakar Senegal

This article aims to study the efficiency of coupled vertical drains for the treatment of long-lasting compressible clay soils for the road project platform of the ring road of Porto Novo, capital of Benin. The experimental data allowed us to estimate a consolidation of 29% in 9 months, justifying the drainage of the soil. In order to study the efficiency of drainage, a FEM model was proposed simulating different scenarios. These include a drainless road, pavements equipped with vertical drains with meshes of 0.5 m 0.5 m, 1 m 1 m and 1.5 m 1.5 m respectively and horizontal drains. The results expressed in terms of variations in vertical stresses, effective stresses and shear deformations revealed significant variations in pavement performance depending on the mesh size of the vertical drains. The configuration with a mesh of 0.5 m 0.5 m showed the least deformations, thus indicating a reduction in deformations and better stress distribution. However, the other mesh configurations showed variable results, underlining the importance of choosing the right mesh for the specific project conditions.

关键词： Pavement Vertical Drains Horizontal Drains Modelling Plaxis2D ROCAde de Porto-Novo

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Physical and Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials Based on Raw Earth and Crushed Palm Leaf Fibers (Borassus aethiopum)

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2024年第9期15卷 358-377页

作者： Mouhamadou Nabi Kane Mapathe Ndiaye Pape Moussa Touré Adama Dione University College of Architecture of Dakar (CUAD) UFR SI University of Thies This Senegal Laboratory of Mechanics and Modeling UFR SI University of This This Senegal Laboratoire denergtique Applique (LEA) Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Institut of Earth Sciences (IST) Universit Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Senegal

The objective of this study is to seek solutions to reduce the impact of buildings on climate change and to promote the use of local bio-sourced or geo-sourced materials for sustainable construction. Different samples of raw earth from 3 sites were taken in the commune of Mlomp. Geotechnical tests showed that the raw earth samples from sites 2 and 3 have more clay fraction while site 1 contains more sand. The fact of integrating fibers from crushed palm leaves (Borassus aethiopum) (2%, 4% and 6%) into the 3 raw earth samples reduced the mechanical resistance to compression and traction of the 3 raw earths. The experimental results of thermal tests on samples of earth mixtures with crushed Palma leaf fibers show a decrease in thermal conductivity as well as thermal effusivity as the percentages increase (2%, 4% and 6%) of fibers in raw earth for the 3 sites. This shows that this renewable composite material can help improve the thermal insulation of building envelopes.

关键词： Raw Earth Palma Leaf Fibers Ecological Composite Materials Physical Thermo-Mechanical Thermal Conductivity Thermal Effusivity

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Respiratory Flow Rates of Metal Welders Compared to a Population Not Exposed to Metal Welding Dust

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 51-59页

作者： Robert Faomowe Foko Abdou Khadir Sow Awa Ba Mor Diaw Fatoumata Bah Mame Saloum Coly Absa Lam Cheikh Diop Aminata Toure Abdoulaye Ba Abdoulaye Samb Arame Mbengue Mathilde Cabral Mamadou Fall Laboratory of Toxicology and Hydrology Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontostomatology Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar-Fann Senegal Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Exploration Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontostomatology Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar-Fann Senegal Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Exploration Alioune DIOP University of Bambey Bambey Senegal Laboratory of Physiology UFR of Health Sciences Functional Exploration Department Thies Regional Hospital Center Thies Senegal

Background: The welding trade includes many industrial activities in both the formal and informal sectors. Workers in this professional environment do not have access to individual and collective means of protection adapted to the activity, which exposes them to the dust emitted during their activity and therefore contributes to increasing the risk of developing respiratory disorders in this population. Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the ventilatory function of metal welders in the city of Dakar. Method: This was a comparative study based on the analysis of the spirometric parameters of metal welders working in the city of Dakar (Senegal) with those of a control group of the same kind, selected from the general population. Measurements of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and maximum mid expiratory flow (MMEF) were measured. Results: A total of 75 men between the ages of 19 and 61 were recruited and divided into two groups (43 controls and 32 welders). The welding population had more frequent distal and central obstructions and pulmonary restriction compared to the control group. The metals most commonly used by welders were aluminum for welders who had an obstruction, while for those who had a restriction, iron was the most used metal. Signs of metal fever were frequently found in welders, especially those with ventilatory disorders. Conclusion: The prevalence of respiratory disorders observed is close to that observed in industrial environments, where exposure levels are the highest. The lack of personal protective equipment could also be a significant risk factor in the development of these disorders.

关键词： Welder Occupational Exposure Spirometric Disorder Metal Fever Dakar

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Production and achievements of Sesamum indicum industry in the world:Past and current state

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第3期9卷 187-197页

作者： Gazali B.T.A.Sanni Vincent Ezin Ifagbémi Bienvenue Chabi Antoine Abel Missihoun Quenum Florent Zangui Hamissou Mareme Niang Adam Ahanchede department of Crop Production Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Abomey-Calavi01BP 526CotonouBenin Laboratory of Valorization and Quality Management of Food Bio-Ingredients Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Abomey-Calavi01BP 526CotonouBenin Laboratory of Genetic and Biotechnology Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Abomey-CalaviBP 526CotonouBenin department of Vegetal Production Abdou Moumouni UniversityFaculty of AgronomyBP:10960Niamey-Niger ISRA-CERAAS Thies-EscaleThiesBP 3320Senegal

Sesame production is important in agriculture,food industry,and the crop diversity due to its rich nutritional profile and health *** its significant value,sesame is still an orphan crop that has received little scientific attention,resulting in low yield compared to other major oilseed *** review offers a comprehensive overview of the present state of production,knowledge,and research advancements concerning Sesamum indicum on a global *** FAOSTAT database was extensively used to examine the global trends from 1961 to *** the past 60 years,global sesame production has substantially increased,with Asia and Africa being the primary *** integration of omics technologies and biotechnological interventions has revolutionized our understanding of the genetic basis of sesame,enhanced productivity,invigorated stress resilience,and improved seed ***-throughput sequencing methods such as RNA-seq,RAD-seq,SLAF-seq,and GBS technology are used in various studies,linkage mapping,and identification of trait-associated *** linkage maps,and multi-omics studies such as genomics,proteomics,transcriptomics,and metabolomics have been employed in sesame research for gene and QTL *** and metabolic pathways related to oil content,yield,and stress tolerance were *** and QTLs related to yield and its components,drought,salt,and osmotic stress tolerance were *** genes associated with capsule shattering and seed shattering were recently *** more achievement in sesame,it is important to enhance sesame production efficiency through mechanization,advanced agricultural practices,and knowledge dissemination to *** and multi-omics integration should be particularly *** advancements in sesame production present a significant and promising opportunity for farmers,governments,and stakeholders in the agricultural sector.

关键词： Sesamum indicum Oil yield Genetic markers Sesame industry Omics improvement

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