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Goal-Oriented Control systems(GOCs):From HOW to WHAT

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica sinica 2024年第4期11卷 816-819页

作者： Wen-Hua Chen the department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering Loughborough UniversityLeicestershireLE113TUU.K.

Brief:New control theory is required to underpin safe design and deployment of future highly automated systems to deal with uncertain environments and complicated tasks,enabled by AI and other advanced ***-Oriented Control systems offer potential to transform the control system design from currently instructing a control system how to perform a task to specifying what is to be achieved.

关键词： automated instru system

Nitrogen deposition mediates more stochastic processes in structuring plant community than soil microbial community in the Eurasian steppe

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science China(Life sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 778-788页

作者： Wei Yang shuhan Zhang Ang Li Junjie Yang shuang Pang Zonghao Hu Zhiping Wang Xingguo Han Ximei Zhang Key Laboratory of Dryland agriculture Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in AgricultureChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China state Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

Anthropogenic environmental changes may affect community assembly through mediating both deterministic(e.g.,competitive exclusion and environmental filtering)and stochastic processes(e.g.,birth/death and dispersal/colonization).It is traditionally thought that environmental changes have a larger mediation effect on stochastic processes in structuring soil microbial community than aboveground plant community;however,this hypothesis remains largely *** we report an unexpected pattern that nitrogen(N)deposition has a larger mediation effect on stochastic processes in structuring plant community than soil microbial community(thoseuding archaea,bacteria,fungi,and protists)in the Eurasian *** performed a ten-year nitrogen deposition experiment in a semiarid grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia,manipulating nine rates(0–50 g N m^(-2)per year)at two frequencies(nitrogen added twice or 12 times per year)under two grassland management strategies(fencing or mowing).We separated the compositional variation of plant and soil microbial communities caused by each treatment into the deterministic and stochastic components with a recently-developed *** nitrogen addition rate increased,the relative importance of stochastic component of plant community first increased and then decreased,while that of soil microbial community first decreased and then *** the whole,the relative importance of stochastic component was significantly larger in plant community(0.552±0.035;mean±standard error)than in microbial community(0.427±0.035).Consistently,the proportion of compositional variation explained by the deterministic soil and community indices was smaller for plant community(0.172–0.186)than microbial community(0.240–0.767).Meanwhile,as nitrogen addition rate increased,the linkage between plant and microbial community composition first became weaker and then became *** larger stochasticity in plant community relative to microbial

关键词： deterministic process environmental change grassland restoration nitrogen deposition stochastic process

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An Improved Modulation strategy for single-phase Three-level Neutral-point-clamped Converter in Critical Conduction Mode

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 981-990页

作者： Ning Li Yujie Cao Xiaokang Liu Yan Zhang Ruotong Wang Lin Jiang Xiao-Ping Zhang school of Electrical Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’anChina the department of Electronics Information and BioengineeringPolitecnico di MilanoMilanItaly Xi’an Jiaotong university Xi’anChina the department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of LiverpoolLiverpoolU.K. the department of Electronic Electrical and Systems EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamU.K.

Two-level totem-pole power factor correction(PFC)converters in critical conduction mode(CRM)suffer from the wide regulation range of switching ***,in highfrequency applications,the number of switching times increases,resulting in significant switching *** solve these issues,this paper proposes an improved modulation strategy for the single-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped(NPC)converter in CRM with *** optimizing the discharging strategy and switching state sequence,the switching frequency and its variation range have been efficiently *** detailed performance analysis is also presented regarding the switching frequency,the average switching times,and the effect of voltage gain.A 2 k W prototype is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed modulation strategy and analysis *** with the totem-pole PFC converter,the switching frequency regulation range of the three-level PFC converter is reduced by 36.48%and the average switching times is reduced by 45.10%.The experimental result also shows a 1.2%higher efficiency for the three-level PFC converter in the full load range.

关键词： Critical conduction mode(CRM) on-board charger switching frequency range switching times power factor correction(PFC) three-level converter

Co-Optimization of Behind-the-Meter and Front-of-Meter Value streams in Community Batteries

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 334-345页

作者： Carmen Bas Domenech Antonella Maria De Corato Pierluigi Mancarella university of Melbourne Parkville 2010VictoriaAustralia department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of ManchesterManchesterU.K. IEEE

Community batteries(CBs)are emerging to support and even enable energy communities and generally help consumers,especially space-constrained ones,to access potential techno-economic benefits from storage and support local grid ***,the economic viability of CB projects is often *** this regard,typical feasibility studies assess CB value for behind-the-meter(BTM)operation or whole-sale market participation,i.e.,front-of-meter(FOM).This work proposes a novel techno-economic operational framework that allows systematic assessment of the different options and introduces a two-meter architecture that co-optimizes both BTM and FOM benefits.A real CB project application in Australia is used to demonstrate the significant two-meter co-optimization opportunities that could enhance the business case of CB and energy communities by multi-service provision and value stacking.

关键词： Behind-the-meter community battery distributed energy resource(DER) energy community front-of-meter value stacking

Distributed secondary Control Based on Dynamic Diffusion Algorithm for Current sharing and Average Voltage Regulation in DC Microgrids

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 597-607页

作者： Dawei Liao Fei Gao Daniel J.Rogers Wentao Huang Dong Liu Houjun Tang department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina department of Engineering science University of OxfordOxford OX12JDU.K. IEEE

This paper introduces a distributed secondary control scheme for achieving current sharing and average voltage regulation objectives in a DC *** proposed scheme employs a dynamic diffusion algorithm(DDA)instead of the consensus algorithm to enable distributed communication among *** help understand DDA,the relation of DDA and other diffusion algorithms is discussed in detail and its superiority is shown by comparison with diffusion and consensus ***,considering the discrete nature and different sampling time of the digital controller and communication network,a z-domain model of the entire DC microgrid is *** influence of communication and secondary control parameters on the system stability is *** on the established model,the tolerable communication rates are ***-time simulations conducted on the OPAL-RT platform validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme,showcasing its advantages in terms of convergence speed and stability.

关键词： Cooperative control DC microgrid diffusion algorithm discrete-time modeling distributed secondary control

Assessment of Wet season Precipitation in the Central united states by the Regional Climate simulation of the WRFG Member in NARCCAP and Its Relationship with Large-scale Circulation Biases

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第4期41卷 619-638页

作者： Yating ZHAO Ming XuE Jing JIANG Xiao-Ming Hu Anning HuANG school of Atmospheric sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Analysis and Prediction of storms and school of Meteorology The University of OklahomaNorman 73072U.S.A

Assessment of past-climate simulations of regional climate models(RCMs)is important for understanding the reliability of RCMs when used to project future regional ***,we assess the performance and discuss possible causes of biases in a WRF-based RCM with a grid spacing of 50 km,named WRFG,from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program(NARCCAP)in simulating wet season precipitation over the Central united states for a period when observational data are *** RCM reproduces key features of the precipitation distribution characteristics during late spring to early summer,although it tends to underestimate the magnitude of *** dry bias is partially due to the model’s lack of skill in simulating nocturnal precipitation related to the lack of eastward propagating convective systems in the *** in reproducing large-scale circulation and environmental conditions is another contributing *** too weak simulated pressure gradient between the Rocky Mountains and the Gulf of Mexico results in weaker southerly winds in between,leading to a reduction of warm moist air transport from the Gulf to the Central Great *** simulated low-level horizontal convergence fields are less favorable for upward motion than in the NARR and hence,for the development of moist convection as ***,a careful examination of an RCM’s deficiencies and the identification of the source of errors are important when using the RCM to project precipitation changes in future climate scenarios.

关键词： NARCCAP Central united states precipitation low-level jet large-scale environment diurnal variation

simulation of ion cyclotron wave heating in the EXL-50u spherical tokamak based on dispersion relations

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第2期26卷 54-61页

作者：马好杰谢华生李博 school of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191People's Republic of China Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion Langfang 065001People's Republic of China ENN science and Technology Development Co.Ltd. Langfang 065001People's Republic of China

This study investigates the single-pass absorption(sPA) of ion cyclotron range of frequency(ICRF) heating in hydrogen plasma of the EXL-50u spherical tokamak,which is an upgraded EXL-50 device with a central solenoid and a stronger magnetic *** reliability of the kinetic dispersion equation is confirmed by the one-dimensional full-wave code,and the applicability of Porkolab's simplified theoretical sPA model is discussed based on the kinetic dispersion *** are conducted to investigate the heating effects of the fundamental and second harmonic *** results indicate that with the design parameters of the EXL-50u device,the sPA for second harmonic heating is 63%,while the sPA for fundamental heating is 13%.Additionally,the optimal injection frequencies are 23 MHz at 0.9 T and 31 MHz at 1.2 *** wave vector of the antenna parallel to the magnetic field,with a value of k_‖=7.5 m^(-1),falls within the optimal heating *** reveal that the ICRF heating system can play an important role in the ion heating of the EXL-50u.

关键词： ion cyclotron range of frequency single-pass absorption spherical tokamak

Divergent responses of growth rate and antioxidative system of ten Bacillus strains to acid stresses

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soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 107-118页

作者： Xiaoran shan Jiayi Chen Jiaen Zhang Ziqiang Liu shufang Chen Hui Wei Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics of Ministry of agriculture and Rural Affairs Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureCollege of Natural Resources and EnvironmentSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Response of growth rate and antioxidative system of ten Bacillus strains to acid stresses was *** acid treatment significantly decreased the growth rate of the *** stresses increased the GPX activity and GssG content of the tested *** changes occurred in ROs and antioxidative system(sOD,CAT,GR,MDA and GsH).Environmental changes including soil acidification exert obvi-ous stresses on soil ecosystems and influence soil *** this study,ten microbial strains were incubated under different acid treatments to investigate responses of microbial growth and antioxidative system to acid *** the strains belong to Bacillus genus,but exhibit distinct ecological *** observed that these microbial strains had obviously different pH tolerance threshold,in spite of the close phylogenetic classification among *** stresses exerted significant effects on microbial antiox-idative system,including superoxide dismutase(sOD),cata-lase(CAT)and glutathione transferring enzymes(GPX and GR)and reactants(GsH and GssH),but the effects were strain ***,we found acid stress effects on total variances of the investigated microbial antioxidative system along the first two principal components(PCs).Activities of CAT and sOD contributed substantially to PC1 that reflected obvious acid effects on NC7 and ZC4,and closely related to intracellular malondialdehyde *** GssG activities and GsH/GssG contributed greatly to PC2 that unveiled acid stress effects on most of the microbial *** results highlight substantially heterogeneous responses of microbial strains to acid stress and support that phylogenetic closeness does not imply functional similarity of soil microorganisms under environmental changes.

关键词： soil acidification microbial strain acid tolerance capacity microbial growth oxidative stress antioxidative system

An examination of thematic research,development,and trends in remote sensing applied to conservation agriculture

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 77-95页

作者： Zobaer Ahmed Aaron shew Lawton Nalley Michael Popp V.steven Green Kristofor Brye Center for Advanced spatial Technologies University of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Environmental Dynamics Program University of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness University of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA College of agriculture Arkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA university of Arkansas system Division of agriculture Little RockARUSA department of Crop Soiland Environmental SciencesUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA

Conservation agriculture seeks to reduce environmental degradation through sustainable management of agricultural *** the 1990s,agricultural research has been conducted using remote sensing technologies;however,few previous reviews have been conducted focused on different conservation management *** of the previous literature has focused on the application of remote sensing in agriculture without focusing exclusively on conservation practices,with some only providing a narrative review,others using biophysical remote sensing for quantitative estimates of the bio-geo-chemical-physical properties of soils and crops,and few others focused on single agricultural management *** paper used the preferred reporting items for systematic review(PRIsMA)methodology to examine the last 30 years of thematic research,development,and trends associated with remote sensing technologies and methods applied to conservation agriculture research at various spatial and temporal scales.A set of predefined key concepts and keywords were applied in three databases:scopus,Web of science,and Google scholar.A total of 188 articles were compiled for initial examination,where 68 articles were selected for final analysis and grouped into cover crops,crop residue,crop rotation,mulching,and tillage *** on conservation agriculture research using remote sensing have been increasing since 1991 and peaked at 10 publications in *** the 68 articles,94%used a pixel-based,while only 6%used an object-based classification *** to 2005,tillage practices were abundantly studied,then crop residue was a focused theme between 2004 and *** 2012 to 2020,the focus shifted again to cover *** spectral indices were used in 76%of the 68 *** examination offered a summary of the new potential and identifies crucial future research needs and directions that could improve the contribution of remote sensing to the provision of long-term operat

关键词： Remote sensing Conservation agriculture Classification algorithm spatial resolution satellite spectral indices PRIsMA