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Liver carcinogenesis: diagnostic and clinical aspects of preneoplastic nodules

Hepatoma Research 2019年第5期5卷 10-25页

作者： Mauro Borzio Fabio Paladino Giampiero Francica u.o.Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva ASST Melegnano-MartesanaMelegnanoVizzolo Predabissi 20070MIItaly u.o.Chirurgia ASST Melegnano-MartesanaMelegnanoVizzolo Predabissi 20070MIItaly u.o.ecografia ed econterventistica Pineta Grande HospitalCastel Volturno 81030CEItaly

In multistep hepatocarcinogenesis,sizable lesions can precede the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).These lesions are currently classified as low grade(LG)-and high grade(HG)-dysplastic nodules.Following international guidelines recommending the surveillance of cirrhotic patients,a growing number of 1-2 cm hepatocellular nodules are recognized including early hepatocellular carcinoma(eHCC)and DN the latter accounting for as many as 70%of nodulesurrently considered the most advanced HCC precursors.The histological diagnosis of low-grade dysplastic nodule(LG-DN),high-grade dysplastic nodule(HG-DN)and eHCC in small liver biopsies requires a comprehensive stepwise morphological and immunocytochemical approach.By imaging the differential diagnosis among these lesions is a challenge.According to vascular enhancement at dynamic computed tomography(CT)or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)these precursors are classified as hypo-vascular/indeterminate nodules even though distinction between LG-DN and HG-DN is almost impossible.The introduction of gadoexetic acid-enhanced MRI has represented an extremely important advance in this field allowing a better differentiation of dysplastic lesions from eHCC and progressed HCC.Additional MRI features as diffusion-weighted imaging further improved diagnostic accuracy of imaging.According to Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System(LI-RADS),either CT/MRI or Contrast-Enhanced ultrasound LI-RADS,the dysplastic lesions should be categorized as LR-3 or LR-4.Natural history of these lesions confirmed that HCC can develop from HG-DN but which nodule and when it will undergo malignant transformation is not predictable.The search and validation of radiological and tissue markers able to select lesions more prone to HCC development,is currently underway.Whether and how HG-DN should be ablated or closely followed up is currently debated.

关键词： Low-grade dysplastic nodule high-grade dysplastic nodule early hepatocellular carcinoma progressed hepatocellular carcinoma dynamic imaging gadoexetic acid-enhanced resonance imaging hepatobiliary phase

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The outcomes and safety of patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography combining a single-use cholangioscope and a single-use duodenoscope:A multicenter retrospective international study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 71-76页

作者： Alessandro Fugazza Matteo Colombo Michel Kahaleh V.Raman Muthusamy Bick Benjamin Wim Laleman Carmelo Barbera Carlo Fabbri Jose Nieto Abed Al-Lehibi Mohan Ramchandani Amy Tyberg Haroon Shahid Avik Sarkar Dean Ehrlich Stuart Shermand Cecilia Binda Marco Spadaccini Andrea Iannone Kareem Khalaf Nageshwar Reddy Andrea Anderloni Alessandro Repici Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSVia Manzoni 5620089RozzanoMilanoItaly Gastroenterology Rutgers Robert Wood JohnsonNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases University of CaliforniaLos Angeles School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Division of Digestive and Liver Disorders Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospitals LeuvenKU Leuven3000 LeuvenBelgium u.o.C.di Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva Ospedale Giuseppe MazziniASL TeramoItaly Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy unit Forlì-Cesena HospitalsAUSL RomagnaForlì-CesenaItaly Borland Groover Clinic JacksonvilleFloridaUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology King Fahad Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Asian Institute of Gastroenterology HyderabadIndia Section of Gastroenterology Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of BariBari 70124Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityVia Rita Levi Montalcini 420090Pieve EmanueleMilanItaly

Background: Duodenoscope-related multidrug-resistant organism(MDRo) infections raise concerns. Disposable duodenoscopes have been recently introduced in the market and approved by regulatory agencies with the aim to reduce the risk of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) associated infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of procedures performed with single-use duodenoscopes in patients with clinical indications to single-operator cholangiopancreatoscopy. Methods: This is a multicenter international, retrospective study combining all patients who underwent complex biliopancreatic interventions using the combination of a single-use duodenoscope and a single-use cholangioscope. The primary outcome was technical success defined as ERCP completion for the intended clinical indication. Secondary outcomes were procedural duration, rate of cross-over to reusable duodenoscope, operator-reported satisfaction score(1 to 10) on performance rating of the single-use duodenoscope, and adverse event(AE) rate. Results: A total of 66 patients(26, 39.4% female) were included in the study. ERCP was categorized according to ASGE ERCP grading system as 47(71.2%) grade 3 and 19(28.8%) grade 4. The technical success rate was 98.5%(65/66). Procedural duration was 64(interquartile range 15-189) min, cross-over rate to reusable duodenoscope was 1/66(1.5%). The satisfaction score of the single-use duodenoscope classified by the operators was 8.6 ± 1.3 points. Four patients(6.1%) experienced AEs not directly related to the single-use duodenoscope, namely 2 post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP), 1 cholangitis and 1 bleeding.Conclusions: Single-use duodenoscope is effective, reliable and safe even in technically challenging procedures with a non-inferiority to reusable duodenoscope, making these devices a viable alternative to standard reusable equipment.

关键词： Single-operator cholangioscopy Single-use duodenoscope Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Indeterminate biliary stricture Difficult biliary stones

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Selenium Differentially Regulates Flavonoid Accumulation and Antioxidant Capacities in Sprouts of Twenty Diverse Mungbean(Vigna radiata(L.)Wilczek)Genotypes

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 611-625页

作者： Fenglan Zhao Jizhi Jin Meng Yang Franklin eduardo Melo Santiago Jianping Xue Li Xu Yongbo Duan Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient utilization of Featured Resource Plants College of Life SciencesHuaibei Normal UniversityHuaibei235000China Department of Soil Science Federal Institute of PiauiUruçuíPiauí64860-000Brazil The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou university of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang550003China

Seed germination with selenium(Se)is promising for producing Se-biofortiﬁed foods.Mungbean(Vigna radiata(L.)Wilczek)sprout is freshly eaten as a salad dressed with sauce,making it superior for Se biofortiﬁcation.Since the Se safety range for the human body is extremely narrow,it is imperative to evaluate the genotypic responses of mungbean sprouts to Se.This study evaluated the Se enrichment capacity and interaction withﬂavonoids and antioxidant systems in sprouts of 20 mungbean germplasms.Selenium treatment was done by immersing mung-bean seeds in 20μM sodium selenite solution for 8 h.Afterward,the biomass,Se amounts,ﬂavonoid(particularly vitexin and isovitexin)contents,antioxidant capacity,and key biosynthetic gene expressions were measured.Sprout Se content was 2.0-7.0μg g^(-1) DW among the 20 mungbean germplasms.Selenium treatment differentially affected the biomass,totalﬂavonoid,vitexin,isovitexin,antioxidant enzyme activities,and antioxidant capacities of the mungbean germplasms.Eight germplasms showed increased biomass(put 13 did not phenotypically respond to Se treatment.Seven and six germplasms showed varied levels of vitexin and isovitexin increment after Se treatment,the highest measuring 2.67-and 2.87-folds for vitexin and isovitexin,respectively.Two mungbeanﬂavonoid biosynthesis genes,chalcone synthase(VrCHS)and chalcone isomerase(VrCHI)were signiﬁcantly up-regulated in the germplasms with increased vitexin and isovitexin levels(poreover,Se enrichment capacity was signiﬁcantly correlated with the vitexin,isovitexin,and antiox-idant capacities.In conclusion,mungbean sprouts could be a useful Se-biofortiﬁed food,but the Se enrichment capacity and nutritional response must be determined for each germplasm before commercialization.

关键词： Antioxidant capacity gene expression genotypic variation isovitexin vitexin selenium

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Lu–Hf constraints on pre-,syn,and post-collision associations of the Gurupi Belt,Brazil:Insights on the Rhyacian crustal evolution

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第5期13卷 336-349页

作者： Evandro L.Klein Joseneusa B.Rodrigues Geological Survey of Brazil SBNQuadra 02Bloco HEd.Central Brasília1andarAsa NorteBrasília-DF CEP:70040-904Brazil GPGE–Grupo de Pesquisa em Geologia Econômica(Economic Geology Research Group) PPGG–Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia e GeoquímicaUniversidade Federal do ParáBelém-PABrazil

The Gurupi Belt(together with the São Luís cratonic fragment),in north-northeastern Brazil,has been described in previous studies that used extensive field geology,structural analysis,airborne geophysics,zircon u–Pb dating,and whole-rock Sm–Nd isotope and geochemical data as a polyphase orogenic belt,with the Rhyacian being the main period of crust formation.This was related to a 2240 Ma to 2140 Ma accretionary processes that produced juvenile crust,which has subsequently been reworked during a collisional event at 2100±20 Ma,with little evidence of Archean crust.In this study,we use Lu–Hf isotopic data in zircon from granitoids(including gneiss)of variable magmatic series,and amphibolite to improve the knowledge of this scenario,and investigate additional evidence of recycling of Archean basement.Pre-collisional high Ba-Sr and ferroan granitoids and amphibolite formed in island arc(2180–2145 Ma),show only zircons with suprachondriticεHf values(ca.+1 to+8)indicating the large predominance of juvenile magmas.only 10%of the data show slightly negativeεHf values(0 to-4),which have been observed in granodiorite-gneiss formed in continental arc(2170–2140 Ma),and in strongly peraluminous collisional granites(2125–2070 Ma),indicating the rework of older Paleoproterozoic to Archean components(Hf_(TDM)=2.11–3.69 Ga).A two-component mixing model using both Hf and published Nd isotope data are in line with this interpretation and indicate more than 90%of juvenile material,and less influence of Archean materials.Comparing with other Rhyacian terranes that are interpreted to have been close to Gurupi in a pre-Columbia configuration(ca.2.0 Ga),our results differ from those of SEGuiana Shield,which show strong influence of Archean protoliths,and are very similar to those of the central-eastern portion of the Baoulé-Mossi Domain of the West African Craton,which has also been formed largely by juvenile magmas in an accretionary-collisional orogen.

关键词： Paleoproterozoic Accretion Collision Isotope geology Lu–Hf isotopes Rhyacian

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Investigation of typical residential block typologies and their impact on pedestrianlevel microclimate in summers in Nanjing, China

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第2期11卷 278-296页

作者： Mingjie Zhang Wei You Qin Qin Dandan Peng Youpei Hu Zhi Gao Riccardo Buccolieri School of Architecture and urban Planning Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali Laboratory of MicrometeorologyUniversity of Salento73100LecceItaly

The morphology of urban residential blocks in China,which is strictly affected by regulations,can potentially improve or deteriorate microclimates.This paper first proposes a framework for identifying typical residential block typologies using Nanjing as an example.A thorough investigation,consisting of 114 samples,was conducted,and 18 typical residential block typologies were summarized.Second,3D non-isothermal numerical simulations were performed on the hottest days of summer using the ENVI-met.The effect of morphological indices on the microclimate at the pedestrian level was explored using statistical methods and a novel graphic method named m-SpaceMate.The results revealed a strong correlation between the urban heat island intensity(uHII),mean radiation temperature,and universal thermal climate index(uTCI)and floor area ratio(FAR),as well as between wind velocity(u)and building coverage ratio(BCR).A significant increase in FAR(by approximately 1.0)can result in a low uTCI that was driven by MRT and shading conditions.Six-floor blocks,with FAR between 1.8 and 2.1,had a better overall thermal environment(except for lower u)than that of 11-floor blocks.When considering a similar BCR,blocks with slab-type buildings tended to have a u that was higher by approximately 30%.

关键词： Chinese residential blocks Morphological indices urban heat island outdoor thermal comfort Microclimate simulation ENVI-met

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Therapeutic and clinical aspects of portal vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第29期7卷 2906-2912页

作者： Massimo Primignani Giulia Tosetti Vincenzo La Mura u.o. Gastroenterologia ed Epatologia IRCCS-Ca’ GrandaOspedale Maggiore Policlinico u.o. Medicina Interna IRCCS-San DonatoDipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la SaluteUniversità degli studi di Milano

Portal vein thrombosis(PVT) is a frequent complication in cirrhosis, particularly in advanced stages of the disease. As for general venous thromboembolism, risk factors for PVT are slow blood flow, vessel wall damage and hypercoagulability, all features of advanced cirrhosis. Actually, the old dogma of a hemorrhagic tendency in cirrhosis has been challenged by new laboratory tools and the clinical evidence that venous thrombosis also occurs in cirrhosis. The impaired hepatic synthesis of both pro- and anticoagulants leads to a rebalanced hemostasis, more liable to be tipped towards thrombosis or even bleeding. Conventional anticoagulant drugs(low molecular weight heparin or vitamin K antagonists) may be used in cirrhosis patients with PVT, particularly in those eligible for liver transplantation, to prevent thrombosis progression thus permitting/facilitating liver transplant. However, several doubts exist on the level of anticoagulation achieved as estimated by coagulation tests, on the efficacy of treatment monitoring and on the correct timing for discontinuation in non-transplant candidates, while in transplant candidates there is expert consensus on continuing anticoagulation until transplantation. The recent introduction of direct acting oral anticoagulant drugs(DoACs) in other clinical settings generates much interest on their possible application in patients with cirrhosis and PVT. However, DoACs were not evaluated yet in patients with liver disease and cannot be recommended for the present time.

关键词： Portal vein thrombosis Coagulopathy Hypercoagulopathy Direct acting oral anticoagulantdrugs Cirrhosis

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Heading the Wrong Way?

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Beijing Review 2017年第18期60卷 34-35页

作者： Clifford A.Kiracofe The u.S.Senate Committee on Foreign Relations and an op-ed contributor to Beijing Review

Washington needs a change of mentality if u.S.-Russia relations are to develop constructivelyWill Donald Trump keep his campaign promise for better relations with Russia?Washington’s Cold War mindset appears to be pe... 详细信息

关键词：俄罗斯华盛顿心态

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Replication of interleukin 23 receptor and autophagy-related 16-like 1 association in adult-and pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease in Italy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第29期14卷 4643-4651页

作者： Anna Latiano orazio Palmieri Maria Rosa Valvano Renata D'Incà Salvatore Cucchiara Gabriele Riegler Anna Maria Staiano Sandro Ardizzone Salvatore Accomando Gian Luigi de Angelis Giuseppe Corritore Fabrizio Bossa Vito Annese u.u. o.o. di Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Ospedale IRCCS-CSSSan Giovanni Rotondo (Fg) 71013 Italy Cattedra di Gastroenterologia Università di PadovaPadova 35122 Italy Clinica Pediatrica università "La Sapienza" Roma 00185 Italy Cattedra di Gastroenterologia Università di NapoliNapoli 80131 Italy Clinica Pediatrica università di Napoli Napoli 80131 Italy unità di Gastroenterologia Ospedale "Sacco" Milano 20157 Italy Clinica Pediatrica università di Palermo Palermo 90128 Italy Clinica Pediatrica università di Parma Parma 43100 Italy

AIM: To investigate gene variants in a large Italian inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cohort, and to analyze the correlation of sub-phenotypes (including age at diagnosis) and epistatic interaction with other IBD genes. METHoDS: Total of 763 patients with Crohn's disease (CD, 189 diagnosed at age ulcerative colitis (uC, 179 diagnosed ontrols, and 546 healthy parents (273 trios) were included in the study. The rs2241880 [autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1)], rs11209026 and rs7517847 [interleukin 23 receptor (IL23R)], rs2066844, rs2066845, rs2066847 (CARD15), rs1050152 (oCTN1), and rs2631367 (oCTN2) gene variants were genotyped. RESuLTS: The frequency of G allele of ATG16L1 SNP (Ala197Thr) was increased in patients with CD compared with controls (59% vs 54% respectively) (oR = 1.25, CI = 1.08-1.45, P = 0.003), but not in uC (55%). The frequency of A and G (minor) alleles of Arg381Gln, rs11209026 and rs7517847 variants of IL23R were reduced significantly in CD (4%, oR = 0.62, CI = 0.45-0.87, P = 0.005; 28%, oR = 0.64, CI = 0.55-0.75, P ompared with controls (6% and 38%, respectively). The A allele (but not G) was also reduced signifi cantly in uC (4%, oR = 0.69, CI = 0.5-0.94, P = 0.019). No association was demonstrated with sub-phenotypes and interaction with CARD15 , and oCTN1/2 genes, although both gene variants were associated with pediatric-onset disease. CoNCLuSIoN: The present study confirms the association of IL23R polymorphisms with IBD, and ATG16L1 with CD, in both adult- and pediatric-onset subsets in our study population.

关键词：肠炎肠溃疡结肠疾病遗传因素

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VARIATIoN oF WoVEN FABRIC GEoMETRY——Non-uniform Flattening of Yarns

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Journal of China Textile university(English edition) 1993年第4期10卷 89-97页

作者：胡金莲 AlanNewton Textile Department UMISTManchesterU.K.

In previous research much effort has been devoted to the geometry of woven fabrics and relat-ed problems under the assumption of constant yarn configuration in fabric.This paper will first re-port that image crimp (yarn crimp measured by an image analysis method) seems larger than actualvalue.From the explanation of this result,the variation of yarn configuration in woven fabric dueto the non-uniform flattening is revealed.The significance of this actual structure of woven fabricsis discussed.It is believed that the variation of yarn configuration is very important for fabric per-formance,and may be an advantage for fabric quality.

关键词： variation yarn crimp image crimp woven fabric fabric quality fabric geometry non-uniform flattening

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Dynamical properties of water in living cells

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第1期13卷 1-7页

作者： Irina Piazza Antonio Cupane Emmanuel L. Barbier Claire Rome Nora Collomb Jacques ollivier Miguel A. Gonzalez Francesca Natali Dept. of Physics and Chemistry University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze Ed. 18 90122 Palermo Italy Institut Laue-Langevin 71 avenue des Martyrs 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 France Institut des Neurosciences Universite Grenoble-Alpes 38044 Grenoble France Inseam U1216 Grenoble France CNR-IoM OGG 6 rue Jules Horowitz 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 France

With the aim of studying the effect of water dynamics on the properties of biological systems, in this paper, we present a quasi-elastic neutron scattering study on three different types of living cells, differing both in their morphological and tumor properties. The measured scattering signal, which essentially originates from hydrogen atoms present in the investigated systems, has been analyzed using a global fitting strategy using an optimized theoretical model that considers various classes of hydrogen atoms and allows disentangling diffusive and rotational motions. The approach has been carefully validated by checking the reliability of the calculation of parameters and their 99% confidence intervals. We demonstrate that quasi-elastic neutron scattering is a suitable experimental technique to characterize the dynamics of intracellular water in the angstrom/picosecond space/time scale and to investigate the effect of water dynamics on cellular biodiversity.

关键词： quasi-elastic neutron scattering intracellular water water structure and dynamics

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