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Application-driven development of a thermal imaging-based cabin occupant thermal sensation assessment model and its validation

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Building Simulation 2024年第8期17卷 1401-1417页

作者： Junmeng Lyu Yuxin Yang Yongxiang Shi Zhiwei Lian department of Architecture School of DesignShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

The air conditioning(A/C)of cabins allows for customized control,but manual adjustments may distract drivers,as well as result in energy *** existing thermal sensation models require complex inputs,which are challenging to gather whilst *** address this issue,this study developed a non-contact thermal sensation model for cabin occupants based on thermal imaging *** collect actual data used for modeling,an outdoor subject experiment was *** this study,initial training was conducted to compare the performance of six algorithms in building the model,with random forests algorithm showing the best ***,this study employed the recursive feature elimination(RFE)method with cross-validation algorithm for identifying the key *** the end,the model was retrained using the selected *** model that incorporated both environmental parameters and facial-temperature features demonstrated the best performance,with an R2 of 0.659 on the test *** the hard-to-measure windshield surface temperature resulted in a slight reduction in accuracy,yielding an R2 of *** verify the generalizability of the model,this study further conducted independent validation *** selected model,which exhibited a mean absolute error(MAE)of less than 0.4 in thermal sensation units,was proven to be highly *** results can offer new solutions for automatic control of cabin A/C.

关键词： model assessment thermal imaging vehicle air conditioner thermal sensation transient cabin indoor environment

Experimental study of 3D printed carbon fibre sandwich structures for lightweight applications

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 71-77页

作者： Solaiprakash Vellaisamy Raguraman Munusamy department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and ManufacturingKancheepuramChennai600127India School of Interdisciplinary design and Innovation Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and ManufacturingKancheepuramChennai600127India

Honeycomb sandwich structures are widely used in lightweight ***,these structures are subjected to extreme loading conditions,leading to potential failures due to delamination and debonding between the face sheet and the honeycomb ***,the present study is focused on the mechanical characterisation of honeycomb sandwich structures fabricated using advanced 3D printing *** continuous carbon fibres and ONYX-FR matrix materials have been used as raw materials for 3D printing of the specimens needed for various mechanical characterization testing;ONYX-FR is a commercial trade name for flame retardant short carbon fibre filled nylon filaments,used as a reinforcing material in Morkforged 3D *** and flatwise compression tests have been conducted for different configurations of honeycomb sandwich structures,fabricated by varying the face sheet thickness and core cell size,while keeping the core cell thickness and core height *** on these tests,the proposed structure with face sheet thickness of 3.2 mm and a core cell size of 12.7 mm exhibited the highest energy absorption and prevented delamination and debonding ***,3D printing technology can also be considered as an alternative method for sandwich structure ***,detailed parametric studies still need to be conducted to meet various other structural integrity criteria related to the lightweight applications.

关键词： 3D printed composite Honeycomb sandwich Edgewise compression Flatwise compression Lightweight

Identifying Brand Consistency by Product Differentiation Using CNN

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 685-709页

作者： Hung-Hsiang Wang Chih-Ping Chen department of Industrial design National Taipei University of TechnologyTaipeiTaiwan department of Product design Ming Chuan UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan

This paper presents a new method of using a convolutional neural network(CNN)in machine learning to identify brand consistency by product appearance *** Experiment 1,we collected fifty mouse devices from the past thirty-five years from a renowned company to build a dataset consisting of product pictures with pre-defined design features of their appearance and *** show that it is a challenge to distinguish periods for the subtle evolution of themouse devices with such traditionalmethods as time series analysis and principal component analysis(PCA).In Experiment 2,we applied deep learning to predict the extent to which the product appearance variation ofmouse devices of various *** investigation collected 6,042 images ofmouse devices and divided theminto the Early Stage and the Late *** show the highest accuracy of 81.4%with the CNNmodel,and the evaluation score of brand style consistency is 0.36,implying that the brand consistency score converted by the CNN accuracy rate is not always perfect in the real *** relationship between product appearance variation,brand style consistency,and evaluation score is beneficial for predicting new product styles and future product style *** addition,the CNN heat maps highlight the critical areas of design features of different styles,providing alternative clues related to the blurred *** study provides insights into practical problems for designers,manufacturers,and marketers in product *** not only contributes to the scientific understanding of design development,but also provides industry professionals with practical tools and methods to improve the design process and maintain brand *** can use these techniques to find features that influence brand ***,capture these features as innovative design elements and maintain core brand values.

关键词： Machine learning product differentiation brand consistency principal component analysis convolutional neural network computer mouse

Effects of Bionic Leading Edge on the Aerodynamic Performance of a Compressor Cascade at a Low Reynolds Number

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1272-1285页

作者： XU Huafeng ZHAO Shengfeng WANG Mingyang YANG Chengwu Laboratory of Light-Duty Gas-turbine Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Light-duty Gas-turbine Beijing100190China

To achieve high-performance compressor cascades at low Reynolds number(Re),it is important to organize the boundary layer transition and separation processes efficiently and *** this study,the airfoil is focused on at a 5%blade height at the root of the orthogonal blade in the downflow passage of the high-load booster *** bionics modeling design is carried out for the leading edge of the original blade cascade;the response characteristics of laminar transition and separation to blades with different leading edge shapes at low Reynolds numbers are studied by using large eddy simulations combined with Omega vortex *** findings of this study demonstrate that bionic leading edge modeling can significantly improve the aerodynamic performance of blades at low Reynolds *** blades effectively suppress the formation of separation bubbles at low Reynolds numbers and weaken or even eliminate large-scale flow separation at the trailing *** addition,the blades can weaken the vortex intensity on the blade surface,reduce the areas of high-velocity fluctuations,and minimize aerodynamic losses caused by turbulence *** results should serve as a valuable reference for the aerodynamic design and flow control of the high-load booster stage blade at low Re.

关键词： low Reynolds number booster stage bionic leading edge large eddy simulation

Stimulated Raman scattering microscopy with phase-controlled light focusing and aberration correction for rapid and label-free, volumetric deep tissue imaging

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第9期7卷 40-52页

作者： Weiqi Wang Zhiwei Huang Optical Bioimaging Laboratory Department of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117576

We report a novel stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)microscopy technique featuring phase-controlled light focusing and aberration corrections for rapid,deep tissue 3D chemical imaging with subcellular *** accomplish phasecontrolled SRS(PC-SRS),we utilize a single spatial light modulator to electronically tune the axial positioning of both the shortened-length Bessel pump and the focused Gaussian Stokes beams,enabling z-scanning-free optical sectioning in the *** incorporating Zernike polynomials into the phase patterns,we simultaneously correct the system aberrations at two separate wavelengths(~240 nm difference),achieving a~3-fold enhancement in signal-to-noise ratio over the uncorrected imaging ***-SRS provides>2-fold improvement in imaging depth in various samples(e.g.,polystyrene bead phantoms,porcine brain tissue)as well as achieves SRS 3D imaging speed of~13 Hz per volume for real-time monitoring of Brownian motion of polymer beads in water,superior to conventional point-scanning SRS 3D *** further utilize PC-SRS to observe the metabolic activities of the entire tumor liver in living zebrafish in cellsilent region,unraveling the upregulated metabolism in liver tumor compared to normal *** work shows that PCSRS provides unprecedented insights into morpho-chemistry,metabolic and dynamic functioning of live cells and tissue in real-time at the subcellular level.

关键词： SRS 3D imaging phase-controlled light focusing image aberration corrections deep tissue imaging

Phase-modulated multi-foci microscopy for rapid 3D imaging

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1548-1555页

作者： WEIQI WANG LI GONG ZHIWEI HUANG Optical Bioimaging Laboratory Department of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore

3D imaging technology is pivotal in monitoring the functional dynamics and morphological alterations in living cells and ***,conventional volumetric imaging associated with mechanical z-scanning encounters challenges in limited 3D imaging speed with inertial ***,we present a unique phase-modulated multifoci microscopy (PM^(3)) technique to achieve snapshot 3D imaging with the advantages of extended imaging depths and adjustable imaging intervals between each focus in a rapid *** accomplish the tasks,we utilize a spatial light modulator (SLM) to encode the phases of the scattered or fluorescence light emanating from a volumetric sample and then project the multiple-depth images of the sample onto a single charge-coupled device camera for rapid 3D *** demonstrate that the PM^(3)technique provides~55-fold improvement in imaging depth in polystyrene beads phantom compared to the depth of field of the objective lens ***^(3)also enables the real-time monitoring of Brownian motion of fluorescent beads in water at a 15 Hz volume *** precisely manipulating the phase of scattered light on the SLM,PM^(3)can pinpoint the specific depth information in living zebrafish and rapidly observe the 3D dynamic processes of blood flow in the zebrafish *** work shows that the PM^(3)technique developed is robust and versatile for fast 3D dynamic imaging in biological and biomedical systems.

关键词： alterations scattered beads

Time-of-flight resolved stimulated Raman scattering microscopy using counter-propagating ultraslow Bessel light bullets generation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1427-1440页

作者： Shulang Lin Li Gong Zhiwei Huang Optical Bioimaging Laboratory Department of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore

We present a novel time-of-flight resolved Bessel light bullet-enabled stimulated Raman scattering(B2-SRS)microscopy for deeper tissue 3D chemical imaging with high resolution without a need for mechanical *** accomplish the tasks,we conceive a unique method to enable optical sectioning by generating the counterpropagating pump and Stokes Bessel light bullets in the sample,in which the group velocities of the Bessel light bullets are made ultraslow(e.g.,vg≈0.1c)and tunable by introducing programmable angular dispersions with a spatial light *** theoretically analyze the working principle of the collinear multicolor Bessel light bullet generations and velocity controls with the relative time-of-flight resolved detection for SRS 3D deep tissue *** have also built the B2-SRS imaging system and present the first demonstration of B2-SRS microscopy with Bessel light bullets for 3D chemical imaging in a variety of samples(e.g.,polymer bead phantoms,biological samples such as spring onion tissue and porcine brain)with high *** B2-SRS technique provides a>2-fold improvement in imaging depth in porcine brain tissue compared to conventional SRS *** method of optical sectioning in tissue using counter-propagating ultraslow Bessel light bullets developed in B2-SRS is generic and easy to perform and can be readily extended to other nonlinear optical imaging modalities to advance 3D microscopic imaging in biological and biomedical systems and beyond.

关键词： Bessel resolved propagating

From“prototype”to“model”:Architectural and spatial development of Block A(1924—1945)of Istanbul’s Heybeliada Sanatorium

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 1-20页

作者： Deniz Avci-Hosanli Cansu Degirmencioglu department of Interior Architecture and Environmental design Izmir University of EconomicsIzmir 35330Turkey TUM School of Engineering and design Department of ArchitectureTechnical University of MunichMunich 80333Germany

This article examines Block A,the first block-style building in Heybeliada Sanatorium in *** purpose of this research is to understand its architectural and spatial development and discuss how in fact it was a“prototype”of Turkish *** with a three-step methodology(documentation/evaluation/results)this research conducts architectural and spatial analysis on Block *** sources like architectural documentation and restitution drawings,the writings of the institution’s head doctor Tevfik Ismail Gökçe,periodicals on tuberculosis(TB),as well as pertinent literature are *** findings demonstrate that Block A’s development(1924—1945)was the result of knowledge transfer that introduced the universal sanatorium design principles,spatial experiments,adaptation to sociocultural norms,and trial-and-error *** only it had a major impact on shaping of the second block-type building in the complex,the“model”Block B,but it also became exemplary of the subsequent Turkish *** originality of this article is its exploration of the changing and evolving Block A in its resonation with the cultural tensions of Turkey’s modernization *** was established via the assessment of budgetary issues,medical developments and climatic experiments,the social issue of scarcity of TB beds in the country,spatial practices to separate the sexes as reflections of local traditions and culture in the shaping of spaces.

关键词： Sanatorium architecture Tuberculosis History of healthcare Early republican Turkey Istanbul

A study of the effect of local scour on the flow field near the spur dike

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2024年第2期14卷 98-105页

作者： Yu-Tian Li Jie-Min Zhan Wing-Hong Onyx Wai department of Industrial design School of Industrial Design and Ceramic ArtFoshan UniversityFoshan 528000China department of Applied Mechanics and Engineering Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

The flow field near a spur dike such as down flow and horseshoe vortex system(HVS)are susceptible to the topographic changes in the local scouring process,resulting in variation of the sediment transport with *** this study,large eddy simulations with fixed-bed at different scouring stages were conducted to investigate the changes in flow *** results imply that the bed deformation leads to an increase in flow rate per unit area,which represent the capability of sediment transportation by water,in the scour ***,the intensity of turbulent kinetic energy and bimodal motion near the sand bed induced by the HVS were also ***,the peak moments between the two sediment transport mechanisms were ***,understanding the complex feedback mechanism between topography and flow field is essential for the local scour problem.

关键词： Spur dike Local scour Large eddy simulation Down flow Horseshoe vortex system