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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 1018-1028页

作者： Huinan Wang Jiaxin Zhang Xinran Liu Jinxiang Wang Xuepeng Li Jianrong Li Key Laboratory of Food nutrition and Safety Ministry of EducationCollege of Food Science and EngineeringTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China College of Food Science and Technology Bohai UniversityNational R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products ProcessingJinzhou 121013China

A Pickering emulsion based on sodium starch octenyl succinate(SSOS)was prepared and its effects on the physicochemical properties of hairtail myofibrillar protein gels(MPGs)subjected to multiple freeze-thaw(F-T)cycles were investigated.The whiteness,water-holding capacity,storage modulus(G')and texture properties of the MPGs were significantly improved by adding 1%-2%Pickering emulsion(Praman spectral analysis demonstrated that Pickering emulsion promoted the transformation of secondary structure,enhanced hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions,and promoted the transition of disulfide bond conformation from g-g-g to g-g-t and t-g-t.At an emulsion concentration of 2%,theα-helix content decreased by 10.37%,while theβ-sheet content increased by 7.94%,compared to the control.After F-T cycles,the structure of the MPGs was destroyed,with an increase in hardness and a decrease in whiteness and water-holding capacity,however,the quality degradation of MPGs was reduced with 1%-2%Pickering emulsion.These findings demonstrated that SSOS-Pickering emulsions,as potential fat substitutes,can enhance the gel properties and the F-T stability of MPGs.

关键词： Pickering emulsion Myofibrillar protein Gel properties Freeze-thaw stability Intermolecular interactions

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dietary copper requirement of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 96-104页

作者： Ling Zhu Wei Wu Bingxin Wu Yun Hu Liyang Zhang Weiyun Zhang Tingting Li Xiaoyan Cui Feiyu Gao ding Li Xugang Luo Shengchen Wang Poultry Mineral nutrition Laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou University Mineral nutrition research division State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

This research was to assess the dietary copper(Cu) requirement of broiler chickens fed a practical cornsoybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age. A total of 288 numbered Arbor Acres male broilers at 22 d of age were randomly allotted 6 treatments with 8 replicate cages(6 broilers per cage) per treatment.Broilers were fed a Cu-unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal diet(control, containing 7.36 mg Cu/kg) or the basal diet added with 3, 6, 9, 12, or 15 mg Cu/kg from CuSO4·5H2O for 21 d. Quadratic,asymptotic and broken-line models were fitted and the best fitted models were selected to determine dietary Cu requirements. The results revealed that the contents of Cu in serum and liver, m rNA expression levels of Cu-and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase(CuZnSOd) in liver and monoamine oxidase b(MAO B) in heart, as well as protein expression level of CuZnSOd in liver were affected(P d the above indices varied linearly and quadratically(P reasing Cu levels. dietary Cu requirements assessed according to the best fitted broken-line models(P dexes were 10.45—13.81 mg/kg. It was concluded that mrNA expression levels of CuZnSOd in liver and MAO B in heart, as well as liver CuZnSOd protein expression level were new specific sensitive biomarkers for estimating dietary Cu requirements, and the dietary Cu requirement was recommended to be 14 mg/kg to support Cu metabolic needs related to key Cucontaining enzymes in broilers fed the corn-soybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age, which was higher than the dietary Cu requirement(8 mg/kg) for broilers at the corresponding stage suggested by the Chinese Feeding Standard of Chicken.

关键词： Copper Copper content Gene expression of copper-containing enzyme requirement Broiler

retinoic acid alleviates rotavirus-induced intestinal damage by regulating redox homeostasis and autophagic flux in piglets

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 409-421页

作者： Xin Lai Aimin Wu Bing Yu Hui Yan Junqiu Luo Ping Zheng Jie Yu daiwen Chen Institute of Animal nutrition Sichuan Agricultural University Key Laboratory for Animal disease-resistance nutrition of China Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural University

rotaviruses(rV) are a major cause of severe gastroenteritis, particularly in neonatal piglets. despite the availability of effective vaccines, the development of antiviral therapies for rV remains an ongoing challenge. retinoic acid(rA), a metabolite of vitamin A, has been shown to have anti-oxidative and antiviral properties. However, the mechanism by which rA exerts its intestinal-protective and antiviral effects on rV infection is not fully understood. The study investigates the effects of rA supplementation in duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire(dLY) piglets challenged with rV. Thirty-six dLY piglets were assigned into six treatments, including a control group, rA treatment group with two concentration gradients(5and 15 mg/d), rV treatment group, and rV treatment group with the addition of different concentration gradients of rA(5 and 15 mg/d). Our study revealed that rV infection led to extensive intestinal architecture damage, which was mitigated by rA treatment at lower concentrations by increasing the villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio(P d promoting intestinal barrier functions. In addition, 15 mg/d rA supplementation significantly increased NrF2 and HO-1 protein expression(P d GSH content(P dicating that rA supplementation can enhance anti-oxidative signaling and redox homeostasis after rV challenge. Additionally,the research demonstrated that rA exerts a dual impact on the regulation of autophagy, both stimulating the initiation of autophagy and hindering the flow of autophagic flux. Through the modulation of autophagic flux, rA influence the progression of rV infection. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of redox hemostasis and autophagy by rA and its potential therapeutic application in rV infection.

关键词： rotavirus Piglet retinoic acid Intestinal barrier redox hemostasis Autophagic flux

Zinc glycine chelate ameliorates dSS‑induced intestinal barrier dysfunction via attenuating TLr4/NF‑κB pathway in meat ducks

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 765-778页

作者： Yaqi Chang Ke Wang Guangmang Liu Hua Zhao Xiaoling Chen Jingyi Cai Gang Jia Institute of Animal nutrition Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‑Resistance Nutrition of ChinaMinistry of EducationSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Background Zinc glycine chelate(Zn-Gly)has anti-inflammation and growth-promoting properties;however,the mechanism of Zn-Gly contribution to gut barrier function in Cherry Valley ducks during intestinal inflammation is unknown.Three-hundred 1-day-old ducks were divided into 5 groups(6 replicates and 10 ducks per replicate)in a completely randomized design:the control and dextran sulfate sodium(dSS)groups were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet,and experimental groups received supplements of 70,120 or 170 mg/kg Zn in form of Zn-Gly.The dSS and treatment groups were given 2 mL of 0.45 g/mL dSS daily during d 15–21,and the control group received normal saline.The experiment lasted 21 d.results Compared with dSS group,70,120 and 170 mg/kg Zn significantly increased body weight(BW),villus height and the ratio of villus to crypt,and significantly decreased the crypt depth of jejunum at 21 d.The number of goblet cells in jejunal villi in the Zn-Gly group was significantly increased by periodic acid-Schiff staining.Compared with control,the content of intestinal permeability marker d-lactic acid(d-LA)and fluxes of fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC-d)in plasma of dSS group significantly increased,and 170 mg/kg Zn supplementation significantly decreased the d-LA content and FITC-d fluxes.Compared with control,contents of plasma,jejunum endotoxin and jejunum pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-αwere significantly increased in dSS group,and were significantly decreased by 170 mg/kg Zn supplementation.dietary Zn significantly increased the contents of anti-inflammatory factors IL-10,IL-22 and sIgA and IgG in jejunum.real-time PCr and Western blot results showed that 170 mg/kg Zn supplementation significantly increased mrNA expression levels of CLdN-1 and expression of OCLN protein in jejunum,and decreased gene and protein expression of CLdN-2 compared with dSS group.The 120 mg/kg Zn significantly promoted the expressions of IL-22 and IgA.dietary Zn-Gly supplementation significantly decreased pro-inflammatory genes IL-8

关键词： Cherry Valley ducks Growth performance Gut inflammation Intestinal barrier Zn-Gly

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Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy J.Wester Channarayapatna K.Girish Peter V.Chrystal Velmurugu ravindran Monogastric research Center School of Agriculture and Environment Massey University department of Animal Science and nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd Complete Feed Solutions

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIdC) of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AA) in two protein sources (soybean meal [SBM] and canola meal [CM]) were investigated at six broiler ages (d 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42). Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBM (413 g/kg) or CM (553 g/kg) as the sole dietary AA source. Titanium dioxide (5 g/kg) was added as an indigestible marker. A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age group. Each assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7 (14 birds/cage), 14 (12 birds/cage), 21 (10 birds/cage), 28 (8 birds/cage), 35 (8 birds/cage) and 42 (6 birds/cage), respectively. The apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA flows. In the SBM group, though the SIdC of N tended to be influenced (quadratic; P=0.075) by age, no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observed on the average SIdC of indispensable (IAA) and total AA (TAA). An age effect (quadratic; Prved on the average SIdC of dispensable AA (dAA) in SBM with the highest value recorded at d 7, followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28, which increased beyond d 35. The SIdC of some individual AA (Arg, Thr, Trp, Cys, Pro) were affected (Pr Pdratic manner by age. In the CM, the SIdC of N, average SIdC of IAA, dAA and TAA were influenced (quadratic; Pr PdC of N and average SIdC of dAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14, declined at d 21, and then increased beyond d 28. The average SIdC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased thereafter. The SIdC of individual AA were affected (linear or quadratic; Pr Pdifferent magnitudes by age. The age influence on the SIdC AA was variable, depending on the protein source and AA. The results demonstrate that age-specific SIdC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler digestibility Protein source

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in soybean meal fed to non-pregnant and pregnant sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 362-373页

作者： Ke Wang Ya Wang Lei Guo Yong Zhuo Lun Hua Lianqiang Che Shengyu Xu ruinan Zhang Jian Li Bin Feng Zhengfeng Fang Xuemei Jiang Yan Lin de Wu Institute of Animal nutrition Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‑Resistance Nutrition of ChinaMinistry of EducationSichuan Agricultural University211 Huimin RoadWenjiang DistrictChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Background Two studies were designed to determine standard ileal crude protein(CP)and amino acid(AA)digestibility of soybean meal(SBM)from different origins fed to non-pregnant and pregnant sows.Seven solvent-extracted SBMs from soybeans produced in the USA,Brazil,and China were selected.In Exp.1,eight different diets were created:a nitrogen(N)-free diet and 7 experimental diets containing SBM from different origins as the only N source.Eight non-pregnant,multiparous sows were arranged in an 8×8 Latin square design(8 periods and 8 diets).In Exp.2,the diet formula was the same as in Exp.1.Eight gestating sows(parity 3)were assigned to 4 different diets in a replicated 4×3 Youden square design(three periods and four diets)in mid-gestation and again in late-gestation stages.results When fed to non-pregnant and late-gestating sows,the standardized ileal digestibility(SId)of CP and most AAs from different SBM were not significantly different(P>0.05).When fed to mid-gestating sows,the SId values for Arg,His,Lys,Phe,Cys,Gly,Ser,and Tyr in SBM 1 were lower than in SBM 4 and 5(Preas SId for Leu from SBM 5 was higher than in SBM 1 and 4(Pd values for Ile,Ala,and Asp from SBM 4 were lower than in SBM 1 and 5(Pd significantly greater SId values for Lys,Ala,and Asp during mid-gestation when compared with late-gestation stages(Pd-gestating sows had greater SId value for Val and lower SId value for Tyr when compared with non-pregnant and late-gestating sows(Preas non-pregnant sows had significantly greater SId value for Met when compared with gestating sows(Pd to mid-gestating sows,the SId values for most AAs varied among SBM samples.The SId values for Lys,Met,Val,Ala,Asp,and Tyr in SBM were affected by sow gestation stages.Our findings provide a cornerstone for accurate SBM use in sow diets.

关键词： Amino acids Sows Soybean meal Standardized ileal digestibility

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determination of the standardized ileal digestible calcium requirement of ross broilers from hatch to day 14 post-hatch

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 122-129页

作者： Carrie L.Walk raffaella Aureli Pauline Jenn dSM nutritional Products research Center for Animal nutrition and Health DSM Nutritional Products

An experiment was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestible (SId) calcium requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 post-hatch.ross 308 (n=360) male broilers were obtained on day of hatch and allocated to 1 of 5 treatments in battery cages.There were 6 birds per cage and 12 pens per treatment.Four treatments were formulated to contain 0.60%,0.46%,0.32% or 0.18% SId Ca.The final treatment was formulated using total Ca to meet or exceed all nutrient requirements,including 0.90% total Ca and 0.49% non-phytate P (nPP),using the same ingredients.This treatment was the reference diet for comparison and validation of the SId Ca diets.Birds and feed were weighed at placement and on d 14.Tibias and ileal contents were obtained on d 14 and excreta was collected per pen and pooled on d 14.data were analyzed using JMP Pro and requirements were estimated using 3different non-linear regression models.Increasing the SId Ca content in the diet from 0.18% to 0.60% improved (quadratic,Pdy weight gain and mortality corrected feed conversion ratio (mFCr).The estimated SId Ca requirement to optimize gain or m FCr was between 0.39% and 0.52%.Tibia ash percent and weight increased (quadratic,Pd Ca content in the diet increased and the estimated SId Ca requirement was between 0.32% and 0.58%.Phosphorus utilization was improved in birds fed diets formulated using SId Ca compared with birds fed the reference diet.In conclusion,the SId Ca requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 was estimated between 0.534% and 0.398% when quadratic,straight-broken line,or quadratic-broken line regressions were used.These results agree with previously published data evaluating the SId Ca requirement of fast-growth broilers from hatch to d 10.

关键词： Apparent ileal digestibility digestible calcium requirements retention Tibia ash

Selenomethionine alleviates chronic heat stress-induced breast muscle injury and poor meat quality in broilers via relieving mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 363-375页

作者： Jinzhong Jing Jiayi Wang Xiaoyu Xiang Shenggang Yin Jiayong Tang Longqiong Wang Gang Jia Guangmang Liu Xiaoling Chen Gang Tian Jingyi Cai Bo Kang Lianqiang Che Hua Zhao Key Laboratory for Animal disease-resistance nutrition of Ministry of Education of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairsof Sichuan ProvinceAnimal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural University College of Animal Science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural University

In the present study,the chronic heat stress （CHS） broiler model was developed to investigate the potential protection mechanism of organic selenium （selenomethionine,SeMet） on CHS-induced skeletal muscle growth retardation and poor meat quality.Four hundred Arbor Acres male broilers （680±70 g,21 d old） were grouped into 5 treatments with 8 replicates of 10 broilers per replicate.Broilers in the control group were raised in a thermoneutral environment （22±2°C） and fed with a basal diet.The other four treatments were exposed to hyperthermic conditions （33±2°C,24 h in each day） and fed on the basal diet supplied with SeMet at 0.0,0.2,0.4,and 0.6 mg Se/kg,respectively,for 21 d.results showed that CHS reduced （Prowth performance,decreased （Preast muscle weight and impaired the meat quality of breast muscle in broilers.CHS induced protein metabolic disorder in breast muscle,which increased （Pression of caspase 3,caspase 8,caspase 9 and ubiquitin proteasome system related genes,while decreased the protein expression of P-4EBP1.CHS also decreased the antioxidant capacity and induced mitochondrial stress and endoplasmic reticulum （Er） stress in breast muscle,which increased （PrOS levels,decreased the concentration of ATP,increased the protein expression of HSP60 and CLPX,and increased （Pression of Er stress biomarkers.dietary SeMet supplementation linearly increased （Preast muscle Se concentration and exhibited protective effects via up-regulating the expression of the selenotranscriptome and several key selenoproteins,which increased （Pdy weight,improved meat quality,enhanced antioxidant capacity and mitigated mitochondrial stress and Er stress.What's more,SeMet suppressed protein degradation and improved protein biosynthesis though inhibiting the caspase and ubiquitin proteasome system and promoting the mTOr-4EBP1 pathway.In conclusion,dietary SeMet supplementation increases the expression of several key selenoproteins,alleviates mitochondr

关键词： Broiler Chronic heat stress Skeletal muscle Meat quality Mitochondrial dysfunction Endoplasmic reticulum stress

Effect of red clover isoflavones on hormone, immune, inflammatory,and plasma biochemistry in lactating dairy cows

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 306-312页

作者： Shiqi Zhang Xiaoyin Zhang Zhanbo Xiong Kexin Li Yuan Gao Ying Bu Nan Zheng Shengguo Zhao Jiaqi Wang State Key Laboratory of Animal nutrition Institute of Animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

This study was to conducted to investigate the effect of red clover isoflavones on the health indicated by immune status and blood biochemistry in dairy cows. Sixty-eight healthy Holstein lactating cows were randomly divided into four treatments(n = 17 per treatment) from 5 blocks according to milk yield using a randomized complete block design. No initial differences in parity(2.13 ± 1.21), days in milk(165 ± 21 d), and milk yield(33.93 ± 3.81 kg/d) between groups. Cows were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0, 2, 4, or 8 g/kg red clover extract(rCE) in diet(dry matter based). Feeding, refusal feed weights, and milk yield were recorded three consecutive days in weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12. Blood was collected from the tail vein of the cows on the last day of weeks 4, 8 and 12, 1 h after the morning feeding,and analyzed for hormones, immunoglobulins, inflammatory markers, and markers of liver and kidney activities. The dry matter intake was significantly decreased by 3.7% in the 8 g/kg group(P rrected milk yield was significantly higher in both of the 2 and 4 g/kg groups(P radiol and prolactin showed a quadratic effect with increasing rCE levels, with the highest in the 4 g/kg group(P r necrosis factor(TNF)-a, interleukin(IL)-6, and IL-1β levels decreased linearly with increasing dietary rCE levels. Plasma IL-18 levels showed a quadratic effect with increasing dietary rCE levels, with significantly lower levels in both of the 2 and 4 g/kg groups(P d d-lactic acid levels showed a quadratic effect with increasing dietary rCE levels,with significantly higher level in the 4 g/kg group(P r function and kidney activity makers were similar(P > 0.05). These results recommend the supplementation of rCE at a level from 2 to4 g/kg dM.

关键词： dairy cow red clover isoflavone Immunity Anti-inflammatory

Effect of purine diet on prognosis of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Bowen Chang Yuge Jiang Chuanxing Feng Bowen Li Jiaming Mei Chaoshi Niu Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine Ministry of Education Anhui Province Key Laboratory of r&d of Chinese Medicine Anhui University of Chinese Medicine 3. Center for Food nutrition and Functional Food Engineering School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China

Uric acid (UA) is a naturally antioxidant that is strongly associated with the development and progression of Parkinson’s disease (Pd). The purine diet is an important exogenous pathway that modulates blood UA levels. deep brain stimulation (dBS) is an important tool for Pd treatment. This study aimed to explore the effects of preoperative purine diet on the prognosis of patients with Pd after dBS. 64 patients with Pd who underwent dBS were included in this study， and their clinical data， blood UA values， and daily purine intake. Patients were followed up for improvement 1 year after surgery. We found that patient higher purine intake was strongly associated with the rate of improvement after dBS and was a protective factor for patient prognosis. daily purine intake from meat and seafood was significantly higher in the responsive patients than in the less-responsive patients. Mediation analysis showed that UA mediated 78% of the effect of purine intake on motor symptom improvement after dBS. In summary， we observed that purine intake is strongly associated with the rate of improvement in motor symptoms after STN-dBS in patients with Pd. This study provides a reference for preoperative diet planning in patients with Parkinson’s disease undergoing dBS.

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