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Effect of slope position on leaf and fine root C,N and P stoichiometry and rhizosphere soil properties in Tectona grandis plantations

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第6期34卷 1997-2009页

作者： Qingqing Zhang Zaizhi Zhou Weiwei Zhao Guihua Huang Gaofeng Liu Xiaofei Li Junduo Wu Research Institute of tropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhou 510520People’s Republic of China Experimental center of tropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryPingxiang 532600People’s Republic of China

Little is known about C-N-P stoichiometries and content in teak(Tectona grandis)plantations in South China,which are mostly sited on hilly areas with lateritic soil,and the effect of slope position on the accumulation of these elements in trees and rhizosphere *** we analyzed the C,N,P content and stoichiometry in leaves,fine roots and rhizosphere soils of trees on the upper and lower slopes of a 12-year-old teak *** Kraft classification system of tree status was used to sample dominant,subdominant and mean trees at each slope *** results showed that the C,N and P contents in leaves were higher than in fine roots and rhizosphere *** lowest C/N,C/P and N/P ratios were found in rhizosphere soils,and the C/N and C/P ratios in fine roots were higher than in *** accumulation in leaves,fine roots and rhizosphere soils were significantly influenced by slope position and tree class with their interaction mainly showing a greater effect on rhizosphere *** C content and C/N ratio,fine root C and P contents,and C/N and C/P ratios all increased distinctly with declining slope *** contents of organic matter(SOM),ammonium(NH4+-N),nitrate-nitrogen(NO3--N)and available potassium(AK)in rhizosphere soils were mainly enriched on upper slopes,but exchange calcium(ECa),available phosphorus(AP),and pH were relatively *** in the C,N and P stoichiometries in trees were mainly attributed to the differences in rhizosphere soil properties.N and P contents showed significant positive linear relationships between leaf and rhizosphere soil,and C content negative linear correlation among leaves,fine roots and rhizosphere *** properties of rhizosphere soils,particularly C/N and NH4+-N,had significant effects on the leaf nutrients in trees on the upper ***,rhizosphere soil properties mainly influenced fine root nutrients on the lower slope,and soil AK was the major influencing ***,these

关键词： Tectona grandis Stoichiometric ratio Rhizosphere soil Dominant trees Nutrient accumulation

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Annotation and validation of genes involved in photosynthesis and starch synthesis from a Manihot full-length cDNA library

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016年第4期3卷 308-320页

作者： Yang ZHANG Xin CHEN Haiyan WANG Zhiqiang XIA Peng LING Wenquan WANG Institute of tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Department of Horticultural Sciences Citrus Research and Education Center University of Florida

A full-length c DNA library from leaf and root tissues of cassava(Manihot esculenta) Arg7 and one accession of its wild ancestor W14(M. esculenta ***) has been constructed. The library is comprised of four sub-libraries, containing 32640 recombinant clones, 6028 c DNA clones from their 5′ ends, and 128 clones from the 3′ ends were sequenced. In total, 5013high-quality expressed sequence tags(ESTs) and 1259 unigenes were obtained. Of these, 746 unigenes were identified by their sequence homologies to ESTs from model plants, and 323 unigenes were mapped onto 114 different KEGG pathways. From these, 24 differentially expressed genes involved in starch metabolism and photosynthesis were identified and five of them were selected to compare their expression level between Arg7 and W14. Notably, Arg7 has a higher net photosynthesis rate in leaves, higher ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase activities in leaves, and higher AGPase activity in roots. This resource is the first EST collection from wild cassava and should be of value for gene discovery, genome annotation and studies of Manihot evolution.

关键词： Manihot esculenta expressed sequence tag unigene pathway expression pattern

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Evaluation of the Potential of Araucaria angustifolia Seeds as Source of Oligosaccharides, Resistant Starch and Growth of Probiotic Bacteria

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第10期15卷 921-940页

作者： Rossana Catie Bueno de Godoy Celia Lúcia de Luces Fortes Ferreira Jaqueline Moura Nadolny Haíssa Roberta Cardarelli Fernanda Pereira Santos Magali Leonel Embrapa Forestry Colombo Brazil Department of Food Technology Federal University of Viosa (UFV) Viosa Brazil School of Chemical Engineering The University of Queensland (UQ) Brisbane Australia Department of Food Technology Center for Technology and Regional Development Federal University of Paraiba Joo Pessoa Brazil Postgraduation Program in Food Science and Technology Department of Food Engineering Technology Center Federal University of Paraiba Joo Pessoa Brazil tropical roots and starches center Paulista State University (UNESP) Botucatu Brazil

“Pinhão”, the seed of Araucaria angustifolia, is an important food, being part of the eating habits of Indigenous communities. In this study, we evaluated the oligosaccharide content, resistant starch and the growth of probiotic bacteria. GF4 (1-fructofuranosylnystose) was the main fructo-oligosaccharides found, in higher contents compared to other food sources. Maltooligosaccharides (MOS) represented the main part of the oligosaccharides profile of Brazilian pine seeds. In descending order of importance was maltoheptaose (G7), maltohexose (G6) and maltotriose (G3). The starches from the variety Sanct josephi presented the highest amount of resistant starch that could stimulate probiotic strains, mainly B. breve and L. plantarum, and may have a prebiotic effect, potentially promoting health benefits. This study advances the understanding of the chemical composition of the main portion of the “pinhão” enhancing awareness of its potential as a healthy food source, contributing to different uses and indirectly with the species preservation.

关键词： Maltooligosaccharides Fructooligosaccharides Resistant Starch B. breve L. plantarum

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New beverage based on grapes and purple-fleshed sweet potatoes:Use of non-standard tubers

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 279-288页

作者： Letícia Silva Pereira Basílio Cristine Vanz Borges Igor Otavio Minatel Pablo Forlan Vargas Marco Antonio Tecchio Fabio Vianello Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences Institute of BiosciencesSão Paulo State University18.618-000 BotucatuSão PauloBrazil tropical Root and starches center São Paulo State University18610-034 BotucatuSão PauloBrazil Department of Crop Production School of AgricultureSão Paulo State University18.610-034 BotucatuSão PauloBrazil Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science University of Padova35020LegnaroItaly

Grapes and sweet potatoes are two different plant species that have distinct bioactive composition and the use of both in a non-alcoholic mixed beverage may be an interesting source of *** and sensory characteristics,profile of phenolic compounds and biogenic amines of mixed juices of grapes (‘BRS Violeta’,‘BRS Cora’ and ‘Bordô’) and purple-fleshed sweet potato (‘JNRX12’) (0,10 and 30%) were *** beverage with sweet potato had high antioxidant activity attributed to the phytochemical compounds (***,gallic acid,catechin,tryptophan,melatonin,serotonin and dopamine).Low levels of unwanted amines (histamine,tyramine,putrescine and cadaverine) were detected,showing that their consumption is ***-fleshed sweet potato had high levels of desirable amines,mainly melatonin,making the addition of sweet potato attractive for enriching *** color,texture and sensory aspects were similar in whole grape juice and in mixed *** from ‘BRS Violeta’,with or without sweet potato showed high levels of bioactive compounds but were the least *** overall appearance and aroma of juices elaborated from ‘BRS Cora’ or ‘Bordô' grapes had similar acceptance,regardless of the addition of sweet *** from ‘BRS Cora’ and 30% purple-fleshed sweet potato are the most interesting mixture due to tryptophan and melatonin *** juices of grapes and sweet potatoes (10% and 30%) are viable options for the use of tubers outside the commercial standard,as they add interesting bioactive compounds to beverages and please the consumer.

关键词： Functional beverages Phenolic compounds Biogenic amines Quality index

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Arabidopsis roots and Light:Complex Interactions

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Molecular Plant 2019年第11期12卷 1428-1430页

作者： Yinglang Wan Ken Yokawa Frantisek Baluska Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of tropical Bioresources College of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Research center for Okhotsk Agriculture- Forestry-and Fisheries-Engineering CollaborationKitami Institute of TechnologyHokkaido 090-8507Japan lnstitute of Cellular and Molecular Botany University of Bonn53115 BonnGermany

Unlike actively moving animals,plants actively change their body architecture via growth of their diverse organs in response to environmental clues and *** example,changes in Arabidopsis thaliana root apex zonation under phosphate(Pi)deficiency is considered to be such an active response,including inhibition of primary root elongation and increasing densities of lateral roots and root hairs(Abel,2017).However,a recent study by Zheng et al.(2019)modifies this hypothesis,which is based on the transparent Petri dish-based culture method of young Arabidopsis seedlings causing illumination of *** this issue,Zheng et al.(2019)report that Pi deficiency not only increases malate secretion from Arabidopsis root apices via the ALMT1 transporter but also that blue light(BL)triggers a malate-mediated photo-Fenton reaction in the rhizosphere,increasing the OH radical levels.

关键词： Arabidopsis roots illumination

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Physiological response and phenolic metabolism in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) mediated by silicon under Ralstonia solanacearum infection

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第10期17卷 2160-2171页

作者： FAN Xue-ying LIN Wei-peng LIU Rui JIANG Ni-hao CAI Kun-zheng College of Natural Resources and Environment/Key Laboratory of tropical Agro-environment Ministry of Agriculture South China Agricultural University Laboratory of Ecotoxicity and Environmental Safety Guangdong Detection Center of Microbiology Guangdong Institute of Microbiology Tea Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum（Rs） is a serious soil-borne disease and silicon can enhance tomato resistance against this disease. However, few studies have focused on the mechanisms of Si-mediated pathogen resistance from the rhizosphere perspective. In this study, two tomato genotypes, HYT（susceptible） and H7996（resistant）, were used to investigate the effects of silicon application on disease inhibition, root growth, and organic acid content in both roots and root exudates under R. solanacearum infection. The results showed that Si application significantly suppressed bacterial wilt in HYT, but had no effect in H7996. Silicon concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of tomato were significantly increased by Si treatment under R. solanacearum inoculation. In HYT, Si application increased root dry weight by 22.8-51.6% and leaf photosynthesis by 30.6-208.0%, and reduced the concentrations of citric acid in root exudates by 71.4% and in roots by 83.5%. However, organic acids did not influence R. solanacearum growth. Results also demonstrated that salicylic acid（SA） content in roots was significantly increased by silicon addition for H7996 and exogenous SA application could reduce bacterial wilt disease index. Collectively, these results suggest that Si-modulated phenolic compound metabolism in roots or root exudates, especially citric acid and SA, may be a potential mechanism in the amelioration of bacterial wilt disease by Si.

关键词： silicon root root exudates Solanum lycopersicum Ralstonia solanacearum organic acids

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Frontline remote sensing tool to locate hidden traits in root and tuber crops

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Molecular Plant 2022年第10期15卷 1500-1502页

作者： Ezhilmathi Angela Joseph Fernando Michael Gomez Selvaraj Alfredo Delgado Ismail Rabbi Peter Kulakow The Alliance of Bioversity International and International center for tropical Agriculture(CIAT) Km17RectaCali-PalmiraApartadoAereo6713Cali 763537Colombia IDS GeoRadar North America 14818 West 6th AvenueUnit 1-A GoldenColorado80401USA International Institute of tropical Agriculture PMB 5320Oyo RoadIbadanOyoState200001Nigeria

Root and tuber crops(RTCs)play an important role in alleviating poverty,improving health and nutrition,and providing excellent opportunities for improving the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in countries like sub-Saharan *** roots and tubers are edible starch materials that are stored in the subterranean stems,roots(cassava and sweet potatoes),rhizomes(canna and arrow roots),corms(taros and cocoyams),and tubers(potatoes and yams)(Chandrasekara and Kumar,2016).

关键词： roots crops Starch

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Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain W19 can Promote Growth and Yield and Suppress Fusarium Wilt in Banana Under Greenhouse and Field Conditions

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Pedosphere 2016年第5期26卷 733-744页

作者： WANG Beibei SHEN Zongzhuan ZHANG Fengge Waseem RAZA YUAN Jun HUANG Rong RUAN Yunze LI Rong SHEN Qirong National Engineering Research center for Organic-Based Fertilizers Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organics Waste Utilization Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of tropical Bio-Resources College of Agriculture Hainan University Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria （PGPR） are considered to be the most promising agents for cash crop production via increasing crop yields and decreasing disease occurrence. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain W19 can produce secondary metabolites （iturin and bacillomycin D） effectively against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense （FOC）. In this study, the ability of a bio-organic fertilizer （BIO） containing strain W19 to promote plant growth and suppress the Fusarium wilt of banana was evaluated in both pot and field experiments. The results showed that application of BIO significantly promoted the growth and fruit yield of banana while suppressing the banana Fusariurn wilt disease. To further determine the beneficial mechanisms of the strain, the colonization of green fluorescent protein-tagged strain W19 on banana roots was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of banana root exudates on the formation of biofilm of strain W19 indicated that the banana root exudates may enhance colonization. In addition, the strain W19 was able to produce indole-3-acetic acid （IAA）, a plant growth-promoting hormone. The results of these experiments revealed that the application of strain W19-enriched BIO improved the banana root colonization of strain W19 and growth of banana and suppressed the Fusarium wilt. The PGPR strain W19 can be a useful biocontrol agent for the production of banana under field conditions.

关键词： biocontrol bio-organic fertilizer colonization crop yield fungal disease indole-3-acetic acid plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) root exudates

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Cassava chip(Manihot esculenta Crantz) as an energy source for ruminant feeding

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第4期1卷 266-270页

作者： Metha Wanapat Sungchhang Kang tropical Feed Resources Research and Development center(TROFREC) Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture Khon Kaen University Agricultural Unit Department of Education National Institute of Education

Cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz) is widely grown in sub-tropical and tropical areas, producing roots as an energy source while the top biomass including leaves and immature stems can be sun-dried and used as cassava hay. Cassava roots can be processed as dried chip or pellet. It is rich in soluble carbohydrate(75 to 85%) but low in crude protein(2 to 3%). Its energy value is comparable to corn meal but has a relatively higher rate of rumen degradation. Higher levels of non-protein nitrogen especially urea(1 to 4%) can be successfully incorporated in concentrates containing cassava chip as an energy source. Cassava chip can also be processed with urea and other ingredients(tallow, sulfur, raw banana meal, cassava hay, and soybean meal) to make products such as cassarea, cassa-ban, and cassaya. Various studies have been conducted in ruminants using cassava chip to replace corn meal in the concentrate mixtures and have revealed satisfactory results in rumen fermentation efficiency and the subsequent production of meat and milk. In addition, it was advantageous when used in combination with rice bran in the concentrate supplement. Practical home-made-concentrate using cassava chip can be easily prepared for use on farms. A recent development has involved enriching protein in cassava chips, yielding yeast fermented cassava chip protein(YEFECAP) of up to 47.5% crude protein, which can be used to replace soybean *** is therefore, recommended to use cassava chip as an alternative source of energy to corn meal when the price is economical and it is locally available.

关键词： Cassava chip Energy Alternative feed Rumen fermentation Ruminants

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An auxin‐responsive endogenous peptide regulates root development in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第7期56卷 635-647页

作者： Fengxi Yang Yu Song Hao Yang Zhibin Liu Genfa Zhu Yi Yang Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resources and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life Sciences Sichuan University Floricultural Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Auxin plays critical roles in root formation and development. The components involved in this process, however, are not well understood. Here, we newly identified a peptide encoding gene, auxin-responsive endogenous polypeptide 1 （AREP1）, which is induced by auxin, and mediates root development in Arabidopsis. Expression of AREP1 was specific to the cotyledon and to root and shoot meristem tissues. Amounts of AREP1 transcripts and AREP1-green fluorescent protein fusion proteins were elevated in response to indoleacetic acid treatment. Suppression of AREP1 through RNAi silencing resulted in reduction of primary root length, increase of lateral root number, and expansion of adventitious roots, compared to the observations in wild-type plants in the presence of auxin. By contrast, transgenic plants overexpressing AREP1 showed enhanced growth of the primary root under auxin treatment. Additionally, rootmorphology, including lateral root number and adventitious roots, differed greatly between transgenic and wildtype plants. Further analysis indicated that the expression of auxin-responsive genes, such as IAA3, IAA7, IAA17, GH3.2, GH3.3, and SAUR-AC1, was significantly higher in AREP1 RNAi plants, and was slightly lower in AREP1 overexpressing plants than in wildtype plants. These results suggest that the novel endogenous peptide AREP1 plays an important role in the process of auxinmediated root development.

关键词： Auxin response endogenous peptide root developmentCitation: Yang F, Song Y, Yang H, Liu Z, Zhu G, Yang Y (2014) An auxin-responsive endogenous peptide regulates root development in

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