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Hydraulic properties and drought response of a tropical bamboo (Cephalostachyum pergracile)

Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 406-415页

作者： Wanwalee Kongjarat Lu Han Amy Ny Aina Aritsara Shu-Bin Zhang Gao-Juan Zhao Yong-Jiang Zhang Phisamai Maenpuen Ying-Mei Li Yi-Ke Zou Ming-Yi Li Xue-Nan Li Lian-Bin Tao Ya-Jun Chen CAS Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYunnan 666303China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China T-STAR Core team Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYunnan 666303China School of Biology and Ecology University of MaineOronoMEUSA climate Change Institute University of MaineOronoME 04469USA School of Biological and Chemical Science Pu’er UniversityXueyuan RoadYunnan 665000China Institute of Ecology and Geobotany School of Ecology and Environmental SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650091China School of Ecology and Environment Southwest Forestry UniversityKunmingYunnan 650224China Yuanjiang Savanna Ecosystem Research Station Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYuanjiangYunnan 653300China

Bamboo plants are an essential component of tropical ecosystems,yet their vulnerability to climate extremes,such as drought,is poorly understood due to limited knowledge of their hydraulic *** pergracile,a commonly used tropical bamboo species,exhibited a substantially higher mortality rate than other co-occurring bamboos during a severe drought event in 2019,but the underlying mechanisms remain *** study investigated the leaf and stem hydraulic traits related to drought responses,including leaf-stem embolism resistance(P50leaf;P50stem) estimated using optical and X-ray microtomography methods,leaf pressure-volume and water-releasing ***,we investigated the seasonal water potentials,native embolism level(PLC) and xylem water source using stable *** found that *** exhibited strong resistance to embolism,showing low P50leaf,P50stem,and turgor loss point,despite its rapid leaf water ***,its leaves displayed greater resistance to embolism than its stem,suggesting a lack of effective hydraulic vulnerability segmentation(HVS) to protect the stem from excessive xylem *** the dry season,approximately 49% of the water was absorbed from the upper 20-cm-deep soil ***,significant diurnal variation in leaf water potentials and an increase in midday PLC from 5.87±2.33% in the wet season to 12.87±4.09%in the dry season were *** summary,this study demonstrated that the rapid leaf water loss,high reliance on surface water,and a lack of effective HVS in *** accelerated water depletion and increased xylem embolism even in the typical dry season,which may explain its high mortality rate during extreme drought events in 2019.

关键词： climate change Drought Hydraulic safety Hydraulic vulnerability segmentation Stable isotope Tree mortality

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Changes in extreme high temperature warning indicators over China under different global warming levels

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1895-1909页

作者： Yuxia ZHANG Ying SUN Ting HU Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081China National climate Center Laboratory for Climate StudiesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

High temperature warning indicators play a pivotal role in meteorological departments,serving as crucial criteria for issuing warnings that guide both social production and daily *** their importance,limited studies have explored the relationship between different global warming levels and changes in high temperature warning *** this study,we analyze data from 2,419 meteorological stations over China and utilize the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)models to examine historical changes in high temperature warning indicators used by the China Meteorological *** evaluate model performance and estimate future changes in these indicators using an annual cycle bias correction *** results indicate that since 1961,the number of high temperature days(TX35d and TX40d)and length of season(TX40d and TX40l)with daily maximum temperature reaching or exceeding 35℃ and 40℃ have increased over *** intensity of high temperatures(TXx)has strengthened and the geographical extent affected by high temperatures has *** 2022,the occurrence of 40℃ high temperatures surges,with Eastern China experiencing a two-day increase in TX40d and an extended seasonal length in TX40l by over five *** CMIP6 models have underestimated the high temperature indictors associated with 35℃ during historical periods,notable difference is not observed between the models and observations for TX40d and TX40l,given their rare ***,future projections,after bias correction,indicate that the increasing trends for 35℃ and 40℃ high temperature days and length of season become more pronounced than the raw projection,suggesting a more severe increase than that anticipated *** global warming intensifies,the high temperature days and length of season are projected to increase non-linearly,while the intensity of high temperatures is expected to increase *** every 1℃ increase in global temperature,the intensity is

关键词： Extreme high temperatures Meteorological warning CMIP6 Global warming levels Future projection

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The 2022 Extreme Heatwave in Shanghai,Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Valley:Combined Influences of Multiscale Variabilities

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 593-607页

作者： Ping LIANG Zhiqi ZHANG Yihui DING Zeng-Zhen HU Qi CHEN Key Laboratory of Cities’Mitigation and Adaptation to climate Change in Shanghai Shanghai Regional Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China National climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China climate Prediction Center NCEP/NWS/NOAACollege ParkMD 20740USA

In the summer of 2022,China(especially the Yangtze River Valley,YRV)suffered its strongest heatwave(HW)event since *** this study,we examined the influences of multiscale variabilities on the 2022 extreme HW in the lower reaches of the YRV,focusing on the city of *** found that about 1/3 of the 2022 HW days in Shanghai can be attributed to the long-term warming trend of global *** mid-summer of 2022,an enhanced western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)and anomalous double blockings over the Ural Mountains and Sea of Okhotsk,respectively,were associated with the persistently anomalous high pressure over the YRV,leading to the extreme *** Pacific Decadal Oscillation played a major role in the anomalous blocking pattern associated with the HW at the decadal time ***,the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation may have contributed to regulating the formation of the double-blocking *** warming of both the warm pool of the western Pacific and tropical North Atlantic at the interannual time scale may also have favored the persistency of the double blocking and the anomalously strong *** the subseasonal time scale,the anomalously frequent phases 2-5 of the canonical northward propagating variability of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation associated with the anomalous propagation of a weak Madden-Julian Oscillation suppressed the convection over the YRV and also contributed to the ***,the 2022 extreme HW originated from multiscale forcing including both the climate warming trend and air-sea interaction at multiple time scales.

关键词： extreme heatwave multiscale variability air-sea interaction warming trend Yangtze River Valley Shanghai

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Fast spreading of surface ozone in both temporal and spatial scale in Pearl River Delta

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 540-552页

作者： Tianhui Cao Haichao Wang Lei Li Xiao Lu Yiming Liu Shaojia Fan School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for climate Environment and Air Quality Change in the Pearl River Estuary Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean SystemMinistry of EducationZhuhai 519082China

Surface ozone(O_(3))is a major air pollutant and draw increasing attention in the Pearl River Delta(PRD),***,we characterize the spatial-temporal variability of ozone based on a dataset obtained from 57 national monitoring sites during *** results show that:(1)the seasonal difference of ozone distribution in the inland and coastal areas was significant,which was largely affected by the wind pattern reversals related to the East Asian monsoon,and local ozone production and destruction;(2)the daily maximum 8hr average(MDA8 O_(3))showed an overall upward trend by 1.11 ppbv/*** the trends in the nine cities varied differently by ranging from-0.12 to 2.51 ppbv/*** hot spots of ozone were spreading to southwestern areas from the central areas since *** ozone is becoming a year-round air pollution problem with the pollution season extending to winter and spring in PRD region.(3)at the central and southwestern PRD cities,the percentage of exceedance days from the continuous type(defined as≥3 days)was ***,the ozone concentration of continuous type was much higher than that of scattered exceedance type(<3 days).In addition,although the occurrence of continuous type starts to decline since2017,the total number of exceedance days during the continuous type is *** results indicate that it is more difficult to eliminate the continuous exceedance than the scatter pollution days and highlight the great challenge in mitigation of O_(3)pollution in these cities.

关键词： Surface ozone pollution Ozone trend Spatial and temporal variability Pearl River Delta Pollution mitigation

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Sub-Seasonal Predictability of the Northeast China Cold Vortex in BCC and ECMWF S2S Model Forecasts for 2006-2021

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 453-468页

作者： Yiqiu YU Jie WU Yihe FANG Chunyu ZHAO Zongjian KE Yitong LIN Liaoning Provincial climate Centre Liaoning Provincial Meteorological AdministrationShenyang110166China Key Opening Laboratory for Northeast China Cold Vortex Research China Meteorological AdministrationShenyang110166China Panjin National climate Observatory Panjin124000China China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China Jilin Provincial climate Centre Jilin Provincial Meteorological AdministrationChangchun130062China

As an important atmospheric circulation system in the mid-high latitudes of East Asia,the Northeast China cold vortex(NCCV)substantially influences weather and climate in this *** far,systematic assessment on the performance of numerical prediction of the NCCVs has not been carried *** on the Beijing climate Centre(BCC)and the ECMWF model hindcast and forecast data that participated in the Sub-seasonal to Seasonal(S2S)Prediction Project,this study systematically examines the performance of both models in simulating and forecasting the NCCVs at the sub-seasonal *** results demonstrate that the two models can effectively capture the seasonal variations in the intensity,active days,and spatial distribution of NCCVs;however,the duration of NCCVs is shorter and the intensity is weaker in the models than in the *** analysis shows that the differences in the intensity and location of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet and the wave train pattern from North Atlantic to East Asia may be responsible for the deficient simulation of NCCV events in the S2S ***,in the deterministic forecasts,BCC and ECMWF provide skillful prediction on the anomalous numbers of NCCV days and intensity at a lead time of 4-5(5-6)pentads,and the skill limit of the ensemble mean is 1-2 pentads longer than that of individual *** the probabilistic forecasts of daily NCCV activities,BCC and ECMWF exhibit a forecasting skill of approximately 7 and 11 days,respectively;both models show seasonal dependency in the simulation performance and forecast skills of NCCV events,with better performance in winter than in *** results from this study provide helpful references for further improvement of the S2S prediction of NCCVs.

关键词： Northeast China cold vortex(NCCV) predictability sub-seasonal to seasonal(S2S)prediction deterministic forecast probabilistic forecast

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Physical mechanism of the rapid increase in intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves in the Northern Hemisphere since 1980

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2103-2121页

作者： Yuqing WANG Wen ZHOU Chunzai WANG Key Laboratory of Polar Atmosphere-ocean-ice System for Weather and climate of the MOE Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Key Laboratory for Polar Science of the MNR Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 201209China State Key Laboratory of tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Global Ocean and climate Research Center South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China

Since 1980,both the intensity and duration of summer heatwaves in the middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere have significantly increased,leading this region to become a critical area for a significant increase in the frequency of intense and long-lived extreme *** found that stronger and more persistent high-pressure systems and lower soil moisture before the events were the main drivers of intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves in western Europe and the middle and high latitudes of North ***,in eastern Europe and Siberia,lower cloud cover before events is also a main driver of this type of extreme heatwave,in addition to the above *** factors are coupled with each other and can change heatwave intensity and duration by influencing surface radiation processes during *** the self-organizing map classification method,we found that 6 weather patterns with increased frequency,intensity,and duration were the main dynamic reasons leading to the increase in intense and long-lived extreme heatwaves after *** addition,the decrease in summer average soil moisture in most areas of the mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and the decrease in average cloud cover in eastern Europe and Siberia are found to be the main thermodynamic reasons leading to the increase in these extreme heatwaves.

关键词： High intensity Long duration Extreme heatwaves High pressure system Soil moisture Cloud cover

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Effects of environment and genotype-by-environment interaction on phenotype of Rorippa elata(Brassicaceae),an endemic alpine plant in the Hengduan mountains

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第4期17卷 42-55页

作者： Zhi-Qiang Du Yao-Wu Xing Ting-Shen Han CAS Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China

Global climate change poses a severe threat to mountain *** plasticity and local adaptation are two common strategies for alpine plant to cope with such *** may facilitate organismal adaptation to contrasting environments,depending on the influences of the environment or genotype or their interacted *** this study,we use an endemic alpine plant(Rorippa elata)in the Hengduan mountains(HDM)to unravel its phenotypic basis of adaptation strategy and evaluate the relative contributions of environment and genotype to its *** transplanted 37 genotypes of *** into two common gardens across low and high elevations(2800 vs.3800 m)during *** fitness-related traits were measured,including flowering probability and glucosinolates(GS)*** estimated the environmental or genotypic contributions to the phenotype and identified the main environmental *** results revealed that both environment and genotype-by-environment interactions contributed to the phenotypes of *** heterogeneity was identified as a key factor that explained 24%of the total phenotypic *** particular,genotypes of the northern HDM showed significantly higher plasticity in flowering probability than those of the southern ***,within the southern HDM,GS content indicated local adaptation to herbivory stresses for *** genotypes along *** conclusion,our results suggest that *** may have adapted to the alpine environment through species-level plasticity or regional-level local *** processes were shaped by either complex topography or interactions between genotype and mountain *** study provides empirical evidence on the adaptation of alpine plants.

关键词： alpine plant common garden genotype-by-environment Hengduan mountains local adaptation phenotypic plasticity

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tropical cyclone genesis over the western north Pacific in La Ni?a decay summers: Comparison between 2018 and 2021

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3098-3109页

作者： Yunyun LIU Zhensong GONG China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China

As the primary interannual signal of variability in the tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction, the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation has a considerable impact on tropical cyclone(TC) activity over the western North Pacific(WNP). Both 2018 and2021 were La Ni?a decay years, but TC activity over the WNP during the two summers(June–August) showed notable differences. In 2018, summer TC activity was unusually high with a total of 18 TCs, and the region of TC genesis was mainly in the central and eastern WNP. In contrast, only 9 TCs were generated in summer 2021, and the region of TC genesis was primarily in the western WNP. By comparing the characteristics of the large-scale environmental conditions over the regions of TC genesis, the thermal factors of the tropical oceans, and the activity of the Madden-Julian Oscillation(MJO), this study revealed the possible causes for the marked differences in TC genesis over the WNP during the two summers, which both had a similar background of La Ni?a decay. The Indian Ocean Basin Mode(IOBM) transitioned of a cold anomaly in the winter of 2017/2018and persisted until summer 2018. At the same time, the Pacific Meridional Mode(PMM) maintained a positive phase, leading to eastward and northward displacement of the Western Pacific Subtropical High in summer, and eastward extension of the tropical monsoon trough, which presented conditions conducive to TC genesis over the Northwest Pacific. Moreover, the days when the MJO stagnated in phases 5 and 6 in the summer of 2018 increased by approximately 150% relative to climatological state,providing dynamic conditions favorable for TC formation. In 2021, the IOBM quickly turned to a warm anomaly in March and persisted until summer, whereas the PMM became a negative phase in January and remained so until summer. At the same time,the MJO stagnated in phases 2 and 3 for up to 47 days, with the center of convection located over the western Maritime Continent, producing conditions unconducive to TC ge

关键词： tropical cyclone La Nina events Indian Ocean Basin Mode Pacific Meridional Mode Madden-Julian Oscillation Western Pacific Subtropical High Monsoon trough

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Seedling dynamics differ between canopy species and understory species in a tropical seasonal rainforest,SW China

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 671-677页

作者： Libing Pan Xiaoyang Song Wenfu Zhang Jie Yang Min Cao CAS Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunMengla 666303YunnanChina College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

We used 11 years of census data from 450 seedling quadrats established in a 20-ha forest dynamics plot to study seedling dynamics in tree species of a tropical seasonal rainforest in Xishuangbanna,southwestern *** found that overall seedling recruitment rate and relative growth rate were higher in the rainy season than in the dry *** the recruitment rate of seedlings from canopy tree species(two species)and the relative growth rate of seedlings from understory species(nine species)were higher in the rainy season than in the dry ***,in the rainy season,the recruitment rate of seedlings was higher for canopy tree species than for understory tree *** addition,relative growth rate of seedlings was higher in the canopy species than in understory seedlings in the dry *** also observed that,in both rainy and dry seasons,mortality rate of seedlings was higher for canopy species than for understory ***,canopy tree species appear to have evolved a flexible strategy to adapt to the seasonal changes of a monsoon *** contrast,understory tree species seem to have adopted a conservative ***,these species mainly release seedlings in the rainy season and maintain relatively stable populations with a lower mortality rate and recruitment rate in both dry and rainy *** study suggests that canopy and understory seedling populations growing in forest understory may respond to future climate change scenarios with distinct regeneration strategies.

关键词： tropical forest Tree seedling Seasonality Recruitment Mortality Relative growth rate

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Comparative analyses of mitogenomes in the social bees with insights into evolution of long inverted repeats in the Meliponini

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 160-175页

作者： Yu-Ran Li Zheng-Wei Wang Richard T.Corlett Wen-Bin Yu Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants&Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China CAS Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China

The insect mitogenome is typically a compact circular molecule with highly conserved gene ***,mitogenome structural variations have been reported in specific taxa,and gene rearrangements,usually the tRNAs,occur in different *** synapomorphies of mitogenome organizations can provide information for phylogenetic inferences,comparative analyses of mitogenomes have been given increasing ***,most studies use a very few species to represent the whole genus,tribe,family,or even order,overlooking potential variations at lower taxonomic levels,which might lead to some incorrect *** provide new insights into mitogenome organizations and their implications for phylogenetic inference,this study conducted comparative analyses for mitogenomes of three social bee tribes(Meliponini,Bombini,and Apini)based on the phylogenetic framework with denser taxonomic sampling at the species and population *** analyses revealed that mitogenomes of Apini and Bombini are the typical type,while those of Meliponini show diverse variations in mitogenome sizes and *** inverted repeats(IRs)cause significant gene rearrangements of protein coding genes(PCGs)and rRNAs in Indo-Malay/Australian stingless bee *** evolution analyses showed that the lineage with IRs have lower dN/dS ratios for PCGs than lineages without IRs,indicating potential effects of IRs on the evolution of mitochondrial *** finding of IRs and different patterns of gene rearrangements suggested that Meliponini is a hotspot in mitogenome *** conserved PCGs and rRNAs whose rearrangements were found only in the mentioned lineages within Meliponini,tRNA rearrangements are common across all three tribes of social bees,and are significant even at the species level,indicating that comprehensive sampling is needed to fully understand the patterns of tRNA rearrangements,and their implications for phylogenetic inference.

关键词： Social bees Phylogeny Mitogenome structure Gene rearrangement Inverted repeats

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