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The burden of depression,anxiety and schizophrenia among the older population in ageing and aged countries:an analysis of the global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 83-93页

作者： Ying Cheng Yu Fang Jinxin Zheng shiyang Guan Meiti Wang Wu Hong Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Nephrology Rujin HospitalInstitute of NephrologyInstitute of NephrologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina School of global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina

Background Depression,anxiety and schizophrenia among older persons have become global public health ***,the burden of these disorders in ageing and aged countries has not been *** To investigate the burden of depression,anxiety and schizophrenia among older adults in ageing and aged *** Using data from the global Burden of Disease Study 2019,we calculated the estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)in the age-standardised incidence rates(ASiR)and age-standardised disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)rates(ASDR)for depression,anxiety and schizophrenia of older people in ageing countries(China,India,Indonesia)and aged countries(Japan,Italy,Portugal)between 1990 and *** in incidence and DALYs were analysed by gender and *** In 2019,the highest incidence of depression,anxiety and schizophrenia in the older population in aged countries was in Japan(927271.3(752552.3-1125796.5),51498.2(37625.7-70487.3)and 126.0(61.0-223.2),respectively),while the highest incidence in ageing countries was in China(5797556.9(4599403.4-7133006.5),330256.1(246448.9-445987.4)and 1067.7(556.2-1775.9),respectively).DALYs for these disorders were similar,with the highest in Japan and *** 1990 to 2019,the ASIR for depressive disorders decreased in aged countries but increased in ageing countries;the ASIR for anxiety disorders and schizophrenia declined in both ageing and aged *** ASDR for depressive disorders was consistent with the ASIR but not for anxiety disorders and *** ASIR for depressive disorders was higher in older women,while the opposite was observed in anxiety disorders and ***,the conditions of burden of depressive disorders,anxiety disorders and schizophrenia in the 65-70-year-old age group were the most *** The incidence and DALYs of these three mental disorders increased while exhibiting differences between ageing and aged *** awareness about for

关键词： schizophrenia burden ageing

Treatment and prevention of epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic areas is urgently needed

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 85-89页

作者： Robert Colebunders Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo Olivia Kamoen Luis-Jorge Amaral Amber Hadermann Chiara Trevisan Mark J.Taylor Julia Gauglitz Achim Hoerauf Yasuaki Sato Katja Polman Maria-Gloria Basanez Dan Bhwana Thomson Lakwo Gasim Abd-Elfarag Sebastien D.Pion global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Department of Neurology Heilig Hart ZiekenhuisLierBelgium Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine LiverpoolUK Department of Computer Science University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Institute of Medical Microbiology Immunology and ParasitologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Bonn-CologneBonnGermany School of global Humanities and Social Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan MRC Centre for global Infectious Disease Analysis and London Centre for Neglected TropicalDisease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK National Institute for Medical Research TangaTanzania Vector Control Division Ministry of HealthKampalaUganda School of Public Health University of JubaJubaSouth Sudan Access for Humanity JubaSouth Sudan French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development MontpellierFrance

Background There is increasing epidemiological evidence supporting the association between onchocerciasis and seizures, reinforcing the concept of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the new knowledge about OAE and to propose recommendations to the World Health Organization how to address this public health *** text During the 2nd International Workshop on OAE held on 19-21 September, 2023, in Antwerp, Belgium, participants recognised OAE as a substantial yet neglected public health problem, particularly in areas of sub-Saharan Africa where onchocerciasis remains hyperendemic. Evidence from prospective population-based studies suggest that strengthening onchocerciasis elimination efforts leads to a significant reduction of OAE incidence. There is a need to validate an OAE case definition to estimate the burden of disease and identify onchocerciasis-endemic areas requiring intensification of onchocerciasis elimination programmes and integration of epilepsy care. It is expected that raising awareness about OAE will boost the population uptake of ivermectin. The implementation of a community-based epilepsy treatment programme offering free anti-seizure medications (ASMs) has shown high effectiveness in reducing the frequency of seizures and improving the overall quality of life of people with *** To reduce OAE burden, enhanced collaboration between onchocerciasis and mental health programmes at community, national, and international levels is required. Urgent efforts are needed to ensure the uninterrupted provision of free ASMs in onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Furthermore, OAE should be included in the quantification of the onchocerciasis disease burden.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Morbidity Burden of disease Prevention Ivermectin Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Treatment Children Policy

A learning-based control pipeline for generic motor skills for quadruped robots

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第6期25卷 443-454页

作者： Yecheng SHAO Yongbin JIN Zhilong HUANG Hongtao WANG Wei YANG Center for X-Mechanics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China ZJU-Hangzhou global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou311200China State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power&Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Institute of Applied Mechanics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

Performing diverse motor skills with a universal controller has been a longstanding challenge for legged *** motion imitation-based reinforcement learning(RL)has shown remarkable performance in reproducing designed motor skills,the trained controller is only suitable for one specific type of *** synthesis has been well developed to generate a variety of different motions for character animation,but those motions only contain kinematic information and cannot be used for *** this study,we introduce a control pipeline combining motion synthesis and motion imitation-based RL for generic motor *** design an animation state machine to synthesize motion from various sources and feed the generated kinematic reference trajectory to the RL controller as part of the *** the proposed method,we show that a single policy is able to learn various motor skills ***,we notice the ability of the policy to uncover the correlations lurking behind the reference motions to improve control *** analyze this ability based on the predictability of the reference trajectory and use the quantified measurements to optimize the design of the *** demonstrate the effectiveness of our method,we deploy the trained policy on hardware and,with a single control policy,the quadruped robot can perform various learned skills,including automatic gait transitions,high kick,and forward jump.

关键词： Quadruped robot Reinforcement learning(RL) Motion synthesis Control

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on soil nematode community of soybean farmland

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 45-55页

作者： Huiying Zhang Mengyang Tian Meiguang Jiang Jingyuan Yang Qi Xu Ying Zhang Minglu Ji Yuteng Yao Cancan Zhao Yuan Miao International Joint Research Laboratory for global Change Ecology School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China Henan Dabieshan National Field Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem Xinyang Academy of Ecological ResearchXinyang464000China

The nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)addition promotes the abundance of soybean soil *** addition of nitrogen can alleviate the suppression of phosphorus on *** addition affects nematode abundance by ammonium nitrogen.

关键词： soil nematodes nitrogen addition phosphorus addition soil food web soybean

Planetary health risks in urban agriculture

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global Health Journal 2024年第1期8卷 4-10页

作者： Nilanjana Ganguli Anna Maria Subic Janani Maheswaran Byomkesh Talukder Dahdaleh Institute for global Health Research&Faculty of Environmental&Urban Change York UniversityTorontoOntario M3J1P3Canada Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of TorontoTorontoOntario 5T3M7Canada Faculty of Health York UniversityTorontoOntario M3J1P3Canada Department of global Health Florida International UniversityMiamiFlorida 33199USA

Urban agriculture is gaining recognition for its potential contributions to environmental resilience and climate change adaptation,providing advantages such as urban greening,reduced heat island effects,and decreased air ***,it indirectly supports communities during weather events and natural disasters,ensuring food security and fostering community ***,concerns about planetary health risks persist in highly urbanized and climate-affected *** electronic databases such as Web of Science and PubMed and adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines,we identified 55 relevant papers to comprehend the planetary health risks associated with urban agriculture,The literature review identified five distinct health risks related to urban agriculture:(1)trace metal risks in urban farms;(2)health risks associated with wastewater irrigation;(3)zoonotic risks;(4)other health risks;and(5)social and economic *** study highlights that urban agriculture,while emphasizing environmental benefits,particularly raises concerns about trace metal bioaccumulation in soil and vegetables,posing health risks for *** well studied risks included wastewater irrigation and backyard livestock *** main limitations in the available literature were in studying infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance associated with urban agriculture.

关键词： Urban agriculture Urbanization Systems-thinking Planetary health impacts Comprehensive risk analysis Planetary Health Risks Analysis of Urban Agriculture Framework(PHRAUAF) Heuristic

Review of bio-inspired image sensors for efficient machine vision

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 7-19页

作者： Wenhao Tang Qing Yang Hang Xu Yiyu Guo Jiqiang Zhang Chunfang Ouyang Leixin Meng Xu Liu Zhejiang Laboratory Research Center for Frontier Fundamental StudiesHangzhouChina Zhejiang University College of Optical Science and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and InstrumentationHangzhouChina ZJU-Hangzhou global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center HangzhouChina Shanghai Jiao Tong University Chip Hub for Integrated Photonics Xplore(CHIPX)WuxiChina

With the rapid development of sensor networks,machine vision faces the problem of storing and computing massive *** human visual system has a very efficient information sense and computation ability,which has enlightening significance for solving the above problems in machine *** review aims to comprehensively summarize the latest advances in bio-inspired image sensors that can be used to improve machine-vision processing *** briefly introducing the research background,the relevant mechanisms of visual information processing in human visual systems are briefly discussed,including layerby-layer processing,sparse coding,and neural ***,the cases and performance of image sensors corresponding to various bio-inspired mechanisms are ***,the challenges and perspectives of implementing bio-inspired image sensors for efficient machine vision are discussed.

关键词： bio-inspired image sensor machine vision layer-by-layer processing sparse coding neural adaptation

Highly responsive broadband Si-based MoS2 phototransistor on high-k dielectric

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 180-189页

作者： Ali IMRAN Xin HE Jiwei LIU Qinghai ZHU Muhammad SULAMAN Fei XUE Mingsheng XU Deren YANG College of Integrated Circuits State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor MaterialsZhejiang University ZJU-Hangzhou global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor MaterialsZhejiang University Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of Technology

The demand for photodetectors and image sensors has grown exponentially in the past decade in biomedical, security surveillance, robotics, automotive, quality control, image recognition, and military applications, due to their superior quality, broadband detection, lower noise, and economic viability. Here,we report a MoS2channel-based phototransistor over an HfO2/n-Si substrate isolated by an h BN layer. The high photoresponse is achieved through the integration of the photoconduction, photogating, and mobility enhancement process by utilizing excellent features of MoS2, HfO2/Si, and h BN. The capacitive coupling of the photogenerated carriers by high-k dielectric HfO2leads to modulation of MoS2Fermi level due to electrostatic doping. Furthermore, the MoS2also contributes to the photogeneration of carriers due to its semiconducting nature, leading to additional photocurrent. Ultimately, the combination of photogating,photoconduction, and swift carrier extraction with remarkable mobility of 11.65 cm2· V-1· s-1results in high responsivity, external quantum efficiency, and detectivity of 4.5 × 10～8A · W-1, 0.72 × 10～6, and 6.20× 1016Jones at 266 nm illumination, respectively. The device also demonstrates broadband photoresponse from 266–1000 nm wavelengths. The high responsivity distinguishes the potential of our device for the future of optoelectronics and broadband image sensing applications.

关键词： photogating photoconduction two-dimensional materials high $~k$ dielectric carrier scattering phototransistor

Fully Decoupled Branch Energy Balancing Control Method for Modular Multilevel Matrix Converter Based on Sequence Circulating Components

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 235-247页

作者： Zexin Zhao Weijiang Chen Zhichang Yang Guoliang Zhao Bin Han Yunfei Xu Nianwen Xiang Shulai Wang China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China State Grid Corporation of China Beijing 100031China State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Beijing 102209China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology Global Energy Interconnection Research InstituteBeijing 102211China Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009China

The modular multilevel matrix converter(M3C)is a potential frequency converter for low-frequency AC ***,capacitor voltage control of high-voltage and largecapacity M3C is more difficult,especially for voltage balancing between *** solve this problem,this paper defines sequence circulating components and theoretically analyzes the influence mechanism of different sequence circulating components on branch capacitor voltage.A fully decoupled branch energy balancing control method based on four groups of sequence circulating components is *** method can control capacitor voltages of nine branches in horizontal,vertical and diagonal *** influences of both circulating current and voltage,a cross decoupled control is designed to improve control *** results are taken from a low-frequency transmission system based on PSCAD/EMTDC,and effectiveness and precision of the proposed branch energy balancing control method are verified in the case of nonuniform parameters and an unbalanced power system.

关键词： Branch energy balancing control decoupled control low-frequency AC transmission modular multilevel matrix converter(M3C) sequence circulating components

Larval development and voracity of Eupeodes americanus (Diptera: Syrphidae): comparison of the focal prey Aphis gossypi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the banker prey Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 575-586页

作者： Arlette Fauteux Antonio Onofre Soares Eric Lucas Laboratoire de lutte biologique Departement des sciences biologiquesUniversite du Quebec a Montreal(UQAM)MontrealQuebecCanada Faculty of Science and Technology Center for Ecology Evolution and Environmental ChangesAzorean Biodiversity Group(cE3c-ABG)&CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability InstitutePonta DelgadaPortugal

Unlike European species,the potential of Nearctic syrphids as biological control agents is still poorly ***,the American hoverfly,Eupeodes americanus(Wiedemann),has recently demonstrated promising traits as a biocontrol agent,notably against the foxglove aphid,Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach,on *** present study aims to extend our knowledge of the American hoverfly by evaluating its potential as a biocontrol agent in a banker plant system against the melon aphid,Aphis gossypi Glover,in a greenhouse cucumber *** preimaginal development and voracity of *** were compared when preying upon the focal prey/pest(***)or the banker prey(bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi L.)by daily observations of larvae from egg to *** development time,survival rate,and occurrence of deformation were similar on both prey *** weight of third instar and pupae,however,was higher for larvae that fed on the banker *** ad libitum voracity of the syrphid larvae was generally very high and did not significantly differ between prey species,except for the third-instar larvae which consumed more focal *** suggest that a banker plant system involving the bird cherry-oat aphid may be a promising tactic for utilizing *** for melon aphid biocontrol.

关键词： american hoverfly banker plant system biological control bird cherry-oat aphid greenhouse cucumber melon aphid