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Recent Advances in Artificial Sensory Neurons:Biological Fundamentals,Devices,Applications,and Challenges

Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 168-216页

作者： Shuai Zhong Lirou Su Mingkun Xu Desmond Loke Bin Yu Yishu Zhang Rong Zhao Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology HengqinZhuhai 519031People’s Republic of China College of Integrated Circuits Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 3112000People’s Republic of China ZJU-Hangzhou global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Department of Science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Center for Brain‑Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Spike-based neural networks,which use spikes or action potentialsto represent information,have gained a lot of attention because of their high energyefficiency and low power *** fully leverage its advantages,convertingthe external analog signals to spikes is an essential *** including analog-to-digital converters or ring oscillators,and sensorssuffer from high power and area *** efforts are devoted to constructingartificial sensory neurons based on emerging devices inspired by the biologicalsensory *** can simultaneously perform sensing and spike conversion,overcoming the deficiencies of traditional sensory *** review summarizesand benchmarks the recent progress of artificial sensory *** starts with thepresentation of various mechanisms of biological signal transduction,followed bythe systematic introduction of the emerging devices employed for artificial ***,the implementations with different perceptual capabilitiesare briefly outlined and the key metrics and potential applications are also ***,we highlight the challenges and perspectives for the future development of artificial sensory neurons.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Emerging devices Artificial sensory neurons Spiking neural networks Neuromorphic sensing

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Big Wave of the Intelligent Connected Vehicles

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China Communications 2016年第S2期13卷 27-41页

作者： Yan Li Yiqing Cao Hong Qiu Lu Gao Zhimin Du Shuping Chen 6/C Global Trade Center，Beijing China

Internet of things is deemed as the one of the great revolution after the age of Industrial *** the development of the communication technology,more and more entities are connected to the communication network and become one of the elements in the *** recent decades,in the area of intelligent transportation,pedestrian and transport infrastructure are connected to the communication network to improve the driving safety and traffic efficiency which is known as the ICV(Intelligent Connected Vehicle).This paper summarizes the global ICV progresses in the past decades and the latest activities of ICV in China,and introduces various aspects regarding the recent development of the ICV,including industry development,spectrum and standard,at the same time.

关键词： intelligent connected vehicle ICV vehicle to X V2X DSRC dedicated short range communication LTE-V2X ITS intelligent transportation system

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global health governance for travel health: lessons learned from thecoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks in large cruise ships

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global Health Journal 2020年第4期4卷 133-138页

作者： Shuduo Zhou Lu Han Peilong Liu Zhi-Jie Zheng Department of global Health School of Public HealthPeking University38 Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China Institute for global Health Peking University38 Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China

Background: The outbreak and global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) attracts a great deal ofattentions to the problem of travel health. Cruise tourism is increasingly popular, with an estimated 30 millionpassengers transported on cruise ships worldwide each year. Safeguarding the health of cruise travelers duringthe entire travel is of ultimate importance for both the industry and global public ***: This study aimed to explore the challenges and opportunities in travel health from the perspective ofglobal health ***: The global governance framework including problems, values, tools or regulations, and actors relatedto travel health were used to analyze the issues ***: Up to April 2020, nearly thirty cruise ship voyages reported COVID-19 cases. The Diamond Princess,Grand Princess and Ruby Princess cruise ship had over 1,400 total reported COVID-19 cases, and more than 30deaths. A community with a common future in travel health is the core value of global health governance fortravel health. The travel-related international regulations, including the International Health Regulation (IHR[2005]), United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and the International Maritime Organization(IMO) conventions should be further updated to deal with the travel health problems. The roles andresponsibilities and the cooperation mechanisms of different actors are not clear in relation to the public healthemergencies during the ***: Travel health transcends national borders and involves multilevel actors, thus needs globalcooperation and governance. Regulations and legislation at global and country level are required to preventlarge-scale humanitarian crisis on travel health. Multilateral coordination, cooperation and collaborationmechanisms between governments, intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations andindustry are needed to build a better community of common destiny for travel

关键词： Travel health Infectious diseases Governance global health Coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19

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Toward development of ecosystem asset accounts at the national level

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2019年第1期5卷 36-46,I0022页

作者： Dava Vačkářů Ioanna Grammatikopoulou Department of Human Dimensions of global Change Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of SciencesBrnoCzech Republic

Ecosystem accounting has become one of the key components in the revision of international statistical *** of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting for ecosystem services follows the rapid progress of science in this area as well as expanding applications to sustainability *** this contribution,we discuss approaches to accounting of ecosystem assets as a natural capital basis that is critical for ecosystem service *** on examples from the Czech Republic,a Central European country,we illustrate the construction of ecosystem extent accounts based on the methodology of Land and Ecosystem *** analysis is complemented by monetary ecosystem asset accounting through quantification of the present value of future ecosystem service *** condition is represented by the Mean Species Abundance indicator,which gauges the direction of ecosystem *** on the demonstration of approaches to ecosystem asset accounting,we discuss selected aspects of ecosystem condition measurements,valuation,and policy implications of ecosystem asset accounting at the national level.

关键词： Ecosystem accounting ecosystem services land cover change Mean Species Abundance value transfer Czech Republic

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Machine learning-based seismic assessment of framed structures with soil-structure interaction

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第2期17卷 205-223页

作者： Mohamed NOURELDIN Tabish ALI Jinkoo KIM Department of global Smart City Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Korea

The objective of the current study is to propose an expert system framework based on a supervised machine learning technique(MLT)to predict the seismic performance of low-to mid-rise frame structures considering soil-structure interaction(SSI).The methodology of the framework is based on examining different MLTs to obtain the highest possible accuracy for *** the MLT,a sensitivity analysis was conducted on the main SSI parameters to select the most effective input *** limit state criteria were used for the seismic evaluation within the process.A new global seismic assessment ratio was introduced that considers both serviceability and strength aspects by utilizing three different engineering demand parameters(EDPs).The proposed framework is novel because it enables the designer to seismically assess the structure,while simultaneously considering different EDPs and multiple limit ***,the framework provides recommendations for building component design based on the newly introduced global seismic assessment ratio,which considers different levels of seismic *** proposed framework was validated through comparison using non-linear time history(NLTH)*** results show that the proposed framework provides more accurate results than conventional ***,the generalization potential of the proposed framework was tested by investigating two different types of structural irregularities,namely,stiffness and mass *** results from the framework were in good agreement with the NLTH analysis results for the selected case studies,and peak ground acceleration(PGA)was found to be the most influential input parameter in the assessment process for the case study models *** proposed framework shows high generalization potential for low-to mid-rise structures.

关键词： seismic hazard artificial neural network soil-structure interaction seismic analysis

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global lessons on delivery of primary healthcare services for people with non-communicable diseases:convergent mixed methods

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第3期12卷 13-24页

作者： Robert Mash Lisa R Hirschhorn Inayat Singh Kakar Renu John Manushi Sharma Devarsetty Praveen Stellenbosch University StellenboschSouth Africa Northwestern University ChicagoIllinoisUSA The George Institute for global Health New DelhiIndia The George Institute for global Health HyderabadIndia Manipal Academy of Higher Education ManipalIndia

Objective To extract key lessons on primary healthcare(PHC)service delivery strategies for non-communicable diseases(NCD)from the work of researchers funded by the global Alliance for Chronic Diseases(GACD).Design A convergent mixed methods study that extracted data using a standardised template from research projects funded by the GACD that focused on *** strategies implemented in these studies were mapped onto the PHC Performance Initiative *** qualitative interviews were conducted with researchers from purposefully selected projects to understand the strategies and contextual factors in more *** PHC contexts from low or middle-income countries(LMIC)as well as vulnerable groups within high-income *** came from all regions of the world,particularly East Asia and Pacific,sub-Saharan Africa,South Asia,Latin America and *** The study extracted data on 84 research projects and interviewed researchers from 16 research *** Research projects came from all regions of the world,and mainly focused on diabetes(35.3%),hypertension(28.3%)and mental health(27.6%).Mapped onto the PHC Performance Initiative framework:49.4%focused on high-quality PHC(particularly the comprehensiveness of NCD care,41.2%);41.2%on the availability of PHC services(particularly the competence of healthcare workers,36.5%);35.3%on population health management(particularly community-based services,35.3%);34.1%on facility organisation and management(particularly team-based care,20.0%)and 31.8%on access(particularly digital technology,23.5%).Most common strategies were task shifting and training to improve the comprehensiveness of NCD care through community-based *** factors related to inputs:infrastructure,equipment and medication,workforce(particularly community health workers),finances,health information systems and digital *** Key strategies and contextual factors to improve PHC service del

关键词： services convergent income

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Weakening sensitivity of global vegetation to long-term droughts

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第1期61卷 60-70页

作者： HE Bin HUANG Ling CHEN ZiYue WANG HaiYan State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal University College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University

Droughts have dramatic direct and indirect impacts on vegetation and terrestrial ecosystem stability, including decreases in growth and subsequent decreases in CO_2 absorption. Although much research has been carried out on the response of vegetation to droughts, it remains unclear whether biomes are becoming more resistant or more vulnerable to drought. In this study, we used the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI, a multiscalar drought index) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI, an indicator of vegetation growth) to detect the sensitivity of vegetation growth to droughts across 12–24 month timescales and to detect the change in this sensitivity over recent decades. We found that vegetation growth was most sensitive to 17–18 month droughts in water-limited regions, implying pronounce legacy effects from water conditions in previous years. In addition, we detected reduced coupling between drought and vegetation growth, probably caused by release moisture stress in water limited areas. Meanwhile, we observed a shortening of drought timescale to which vegetation most sensitively responded from an average of 18.1 to 17.2 months, suggesting the weakening of the drought legacy effect on vegetation growth. Results of this study contribute to the overall understanding of the resistance and resilience of ecosystems to drought conditions.

关键词： Drought Vegetation growth Response Sensitivity Legacy effect NDVI SPEI

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Boundary Element Modeling of Multiconnected Ocean Basin in Visakhapatnam Port Under the Resonance Conditions

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China Ocean Engineering 2021年第5期35卷 662-675页

作者： Prashant KUMAR Prachi PRIYA RAJNI Department of Applied Sciences National Institute of Technology DelhiDelhi 110040India Jindal global Business School O P Jindal Global UniversitySonipatHaryana 131001India

A mathematical model has been developed to analyze the influence of extreme water waves over multiconnected regions in Visakhapatnam Port,India by considering an average water depth in each multiconnected *** addition,partial reflection of incident waves on coastal boundary is also *** domain of interest is divided mainly into two regions,i.e.,open sea region and harbor region namely as Region-I and Region-II,***,Region-II is divided into multiple connected *** 2-D boundary element method(BEM)including the Chebyshev point discretization is utilized to solve the Helmholtz equation in each region separately to determine the wave *** numerical convergence is performed to obtain the optimum numerical accuracy and the validation of the current numerical approach is also conducted by comparing the simulation results with existing *** four key spots based on the moored ship locations in Visakhapatnam Port are identified to perform the numerical *** wave amplification at these locations is estimated for monochromatic incident waves,considering approximate water depth and different reflection coefficients on the wall of port under the resonance *** addition,wave field analysis inside the Visakhapatnam Port is also conducted to understand resonance *** current numerical model provides an efficient tool to analyze the amplification on any realistic ports or harbors.

关键词： boundary element method amplification factor Helmholtz equation reflection coefficient Visakhapatnam Port

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Exporting National Champions:China's Outward Foreign Direct Investment Finance in Comparative Perspective

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China & World Economy 2014年第6期22卷 1-21页

作者： Kevin P.Gallagher Amos Irwin global Economic Governance Initiative Boston University 's Pardee School of Global Studies global Economic Governance Initiative Boston University's Pardee School of Global Studies

We examine the extent to which Chinese development banks have financed the globalization of China＇s ＂national champion ＂firms： specifically, through outward foreign direct investment （OFDI）. We create a database of Chinese fnance for OFDI and compare our results to the existing literature and available data on Japan, Korea and other Asian nations. We estimate the total value of China＇s OFDI finance from 2002 to 2012 at US$14Obn. As a percentage of total OFDI, China＇s lending is roughly three times higher than Japan ＇s, the previous global leader in OFDl finance. We identify two major reasons for China＇s high （31 percent） ratio of OFDl lending to total OFDI. First, China has a greater incentive to give OFDI loans than Japan or Korea ever did because its borrowers are statelowned so it can more easily channel funds to targeted areas. Second, China has a greater capacity to give OFDI loans because it has significantly higher savings and foreign exchange reserves than Japan and Korea.

关键词： China developmental states outward direct investment

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A U.S.‒China coal power transition and the global 1.5℃ pathway

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2022年第2期13卷 179-186页

作者： Ryna Yiyun CUI Nathan HULTMAN Di-Yang CUI Haewon MCJEON Leon CLARKE Jia-Hai YUAN Wen-Jia CAI Center for global Sustainability School of Public PolicyUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA Joint global Change Research Institute Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryCollege ParkMD20740USA School of Economics and Management North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

As the world seeks to increase ambition rapidly to limit global warming to 1.5℃,joint leadership from the world's largest greenhouse gas(GHG)emitters-the United States(U.S.)and China-will be critical to deliver significant emissions reductions from their own countries as well as to catalyze increased international *** a period of uncertainty in international climate policy,these countries now both have current leadership that supports ambitious climate *** this context,a feasible,high-impact,and potentially globally catalytic agreement by the *** China to transition away from coal to clean energy would be a major contribution toward this global *** undertake a plant-by-plant assessment in the power sector to identify practical coal retirement pathways for each country that are in line with national priorities and the global 1.5℃ *** plant-by-plant analysis shows that the 1.5℃-compatible pathways may result in an average retirement age of 47 years for the *** plants and 22 years for Chinese coal plants,raising important questions of how to compare broader economic,employment,and social *** also demonstrate that such pathways would also lead to significant emissions reductions,lowering overall global energy-related CO_(2) emissions by about 9%in 2030 relative to 2020.A catalytic effect from the possibility of other countries taking compatible actions is estimated to reduce global emissions by 5.1 Gt CO_(2) in 2030 and by 10.1 Gt CO_(2) in 2045.

关键词： U.S.‒China Coal power transition Climate mitigation Paris agreement Integrated assessment modeling

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