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Diagnostic value of endothelial markers and HHV-8 staining in gastrointestinal Kaposi sarcoma and its difference in endoscopic tumor staging

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第23期19卷 3608-3614页

作者： Naoyoshi Nagata Toru Igari Takuro Shimbo Katsunori Sekine Junichi Akiyama Yohei Hamada Hirohisa Yazaki Norio Ohmagari Katsuji Teruya Shinichi Oka Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655 Japan Department of Clinical pathology National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655 Japan Department of Clinical Research and Informatics National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655 Japan Division of AIDS Clinical Center (ACC) National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655 Japan Department of Infectious disease National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655 Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai HospitalChiba 272-8516 Japan

AIM: To clarify the diagnostic values of hematoxylin and eosin (HE), D2-40, CD31, CD34, and HHV-8 immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma (GI-KS) in relation to endoscopic tumor staging. METHODS: Biopsy samples (n = 133) from 41 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients were reviewed. GI-KS was defined as histologically negative for other GI diseases and as a positive clinical response to KS therapy. The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC) was compared in relation to lesion size, GI location, and macroscopic appearances on endoscopy. RESULTS: GI-KS was confirmed in 84 lesions (81.6%). Other endoscopic findings were polyps (n = 9), inflammation (n = 4), malignant lymphoma (n = 4), and condyloma (n = 2), which mimicked GI-KS on endoscopy. ROC-AUC of HE, D2-40, blood vessel markers, and HHV-8 showed results of 0.83, 0.89, 0.80, and 0.82, respectively. For IHC staining, the ROC-AUC of D2-40 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of HE staining only. In the analysis of endoscopic appearance, the ROC-AUC of HE and IHC showed a tendency toward an increase in tumor staging (e.g. , small to large, patches, and polypoid to SMT appearance). D2-40 was significantly (P < 0.05) advantageous in the upper GI tract and for polypoid appearance compared with HE staining. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic value of endothelial markers and HHV-8 staining was found to be high, and its accuracy tended to increase with endoscopic tumor staging. D2-40 will be useful for complementing HE staining in the diagnosis of GI-KS, especially in the upper GI tract and for polypoid appearance.

关键词： Gastrointestinal Kaposi’s sarcoma Hematoxylin and eosin CD31 CD34 D2-40 Human herpesvirus-8

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Preliminary Retrieval of Aerosol Optical Depth from All-sky Images

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2010年第2期27卷 421-426页

作者：霍娟吕达仁 Key Laboratory for Atmosphere and global Environment Observation Chinese Academy of Sciences

The relationship between the radiance ratio （radiance at wavelength 450 nm to 650 nm） and aerosol optical depth （AOD） is analyzed in this paper by numerical simulation and a ＂LUT＂（look-up table） approach is then presented for the retrieval of AOD from the radiance ratio. In this LUT approach, the AOD retrieval error depends mainly on the assumption of aerosol types. From the preliminary simulation, a typical error of 15%–20% in AOD obtained from the radiance ratio is estimated, due to neglecting changes in the ground albedo and background atmosphere. At its worst, the AOD error reached a maximum of around 50%, which will be refined in the future. In the latter part of the paper, comparisons are made between AOD from the imager and from the CE-318 sun photometer, both located at Xianghe observatory in Hebei Province （39.75° N, 116.96° E）. This field experiment shows that AOD from the imager is highly correlated with AOD from the sun photometer, with a correlation coefficient of 0.95 and an average retrieval error of around 7%. A contrast experiment confirms the feasibility of retrieving AOD from all-sky images, but more analysis and future research are required to improve the accuracy.

关键词： all-sky image aerosol AOD radiance ratio

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Disaster Preparedness:Looking through the Lens of Hospitals in Japan

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2013年第2期4卷 89-100页

作者： Farah Mulyasari Satomi Inoue Sunil Prashar Kenji Isayama Mrittika Basu Nitin Srivastava Rajib Shaw Graduate School of global Environmental Studies Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan

Critical facilities, such as hospitals, play a crucial role in the socioeconomic and psychological recovery of the population after a disaster. Hospitals are considered important due to their roles in saving lives in the affected population and must be able to withstand hazards and remain functioning during and after a disaster. This article assesses earthquake preparedness of hospitals in eight Japanese cities using a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire consists of six parameters and 21 indicators from the “four pillars of hospital preparedness” including structural, nonstructural, functional, and human resources. The results show that the majority of the respondent hospitals fulfill the functional preparedness, which is useful during the emergency period of a disaster, while the other three pillars—structural, nonstructural, and human resources—need to be strengthened. This study helps to assess the status of disaster preparedness as well as the gaps for these hospitals in the Tohoku and Nankai Trough regions, drawing lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of the Tohoku area. This status and the gaps are used as a departure point to indicate how to enhance preparedness and resilience to future disaster risks.

关键词： disaster Japan strengthened

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Kidney exchange transplantation current status, an update and future perspectives

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World Journal of Transplantation 2018年第3期8卷 52-60页

作者： Vivek B Kute Narayan Prasad Pankaj R Shah Pranjal R Modi Department of Nephrology and Clinical Transplantation Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre Dr Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences Department of Nephrology and Clinical Transplantation SGPGI Department of Urology and transplantation Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre Dr Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences

Kidney exchange transplantation is well established modality to increase living donor kidney transplantation. Reasons for joining kidney exchange programs are ABO blood group incompatibility, immunological inco-mpatibility(positive cross match or donor specific antibody), human leukocyte antigen(HLA) incompa-tibility(poor HLA matching), chronological incompa-tibility and financial incompatibility. Kidney exchange transplantation has evolved from the traditional si-multaneous anonymous 2-way kidney exchange to more complex ways such as 3-way exchange, 4-way exchange, n -way exchange,compatible pair, non-simult-aneous kidney exchange,non-simultaneous extended altruistic donor, never ending altruistic donor, kidney exchange combined with desensitization, kidney ex-change combined with ABO incompatible kidney tr-ansplantation, acceptable mismatch transplant, use of A2 donor to O patients, living donor-deceased donor list exchange, domino chain, non-anonymous kidney exchange, single center, multicenter, regional, National, International and global kidney exchange. Here we discuss recent advances in kidney exchanges such as International kidney exchange transplantation in a gl-obal environment, three categories of advanced dona-tion program, deceased donors as a source of chain initiating kidneys, donor renege myth or reality, pros and cons of anonymity in developed world and(non-) anonymity in developing world, pros and cons of donor travel vs kidney transport, algorithm for management of incompatible donor-recipient pairs and pros and cons of global kidney exchange. The participating transplant teams and donor-recipient pairs should make the decision by consensus about kidney donor travel vskidney transport and anonymity vs non-anonymity in allocation as per local resources and logistics. Future of organ transplantation in resource-limited setting will be liver vs kidney exchange, a legitimate hope or utopia?

关键词： Kidney transplantation Kidney exchange ABO incompatible Desensitization

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global progress in climate change adaptation policies and its implication for China

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2015年第1期13卷 21-31页

作者： Fu Sun Xiaojia He Paul Rummy Kevin Lauzon Division of Environmental System Analysis School of EnvironmentTsinghua University Division of global Environment The Administrative Center for China's Agenda 21

This paper reviews the progress in climate change adaptation(CCA) policies both under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC) and in major regions and countries,including the EU and its major member countries,the influential developed countries in the Asia-Pacific region,the emerging economies and the least developed countries(LDCs).The progress made in China in CCA policies is also reviewed and compared with that in other ***,good international practices are proposed for China's policy *** is found that adaptation has been given the same priority as mitigation since the twenty-first century with regard to climate change-related *** topics related to adaptation in the international climate change negotiations under the UNFCCC have evolved from mechanisms for finance and technology development and transfer exclusively in the early stages to implementation of practical adaptation programs and *** 2006,major developed and developing countries have frequently set forward specific CCA policies or general climate change policies involving adaptation in the form of laws,frameworks,strategies,and *** LDCs have also been working on National Adaptation Programmes of Action and subsequent National Adaptation Plans with the support from the financial mechanisms under the ***,globally,it has become a common practice to develop national or regional policies to plan and guide CCA *** has established climate change policies involving adaptation at the national,regional,and sectorial levels since ***,these policies have strong limitations in their knowledge base,strategic positioning,contents,and implementation mechanisms,*** of a sound knowledge base,an international perspective,clear responsibilities for policy implementation,and appropriate monitoring and evaluation *** is recommended that China should further strengthen its technical capabilities in climate c

关键词： climate change adaptation policy review China implication

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Estimating global land surface broadband thermal-infrared emissivityusing advanced very high resolution radiometer optical data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第S1期6卷 34-49页

作者： Jie Cheng Shunlin Liang State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science College of Global Change and Earth System ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Department of Geographical Science University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA

An algorithm for retrieving global eight-day 5 km broadband emissivity (BBE)from advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) visible and nearinfrared data from 1981 through 1999 was presented. Land surface was dividedinto three types according to its normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)values: bare soil, vegetated area, and transition zone. For each type, BBE at813.5 mm was formulated as a nonlinear function of AVHRR reflectance forChannels 1 and 2. Given difficulties in validating coarse emissivity products withground measurements, the algorithm was cross-validated by comparing retrievedBBE with BBE derived through different methods. Retrieved BBE was initiallycompared with BBE derived from moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) albedos. Respective absolute bias and root-mean-square errorwere less than 0.003 and 0.014 for bare soil, less than 0.002 and 0.011 fortransition zones, and 0.002 and 0.005 for vegetated areas. Retrieved BBE wasalso compared with BBE obtained through the NDVI threshold method. Theproposed algorithm was better than the NDVI threshold method, particularly forbare soil. Finally, retrieved BBE and BBE derived from MODIS data wereconsistent, as were the two BBE values.

关键词： earth observation broadband emissivity global land surface satellite soil taxonomy advanced very high resolution radiometer moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer

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Risk factors for adverse in-hospital outcomes in acute colonic diverticular hemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第37期21卷 10697-10703页

作者： Naoyoshi Nagata Ryota Niikura Tomonori Aoki Shiori Moriyasu Toshiyuki Sakurai Takuro Shimbo Katsunori Sekine Hidetaka Okubo Kazuhiro Watanabe Chizu Yokoi Junichi Akiyama Mikio Yanase Masashi Mizokami Kazuma Fujimoto Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Clinical Research and Informatics National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital Kohnodai Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Saga Medical School

AIM: To investigate the factors associated with transfusion, further bleeding, and prolonged length of ***: In total, 153 patients emergently hospitalized for diverticular bleeding who were examined by colonoscopy were prospectively enrolled. Patients in whom the bleeding source was identified received endoscopic treatment such as clipping or endoscopic ligation. After spontaneous cessation of bleeding withconservative treatment or hemostasis with endoscopic treatment, all patients were started on a liquid food diet and gradually progressed to a solid diet over 3d, and were discharged. At enrollment, we assessed smoking, alcohol, medications [non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)], low-dose aspirin, and other antiplatelets, warfarin, acetaminophen, and oral corticosteroids), and co-morbidities [hypertension,diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cerebro-cardiovascular disease, chronic liver disease, and chronic kidney disease(CKD)]. The in-hospital outcomes were need for transfusion, further bleeding after spontaneous cessation of hemorrhage, and length of hospital *** odds ratio(OR) for transfusion need, further bleeding, and prolonged length of stay were estimated by logistic regression ***: No patients required angiographic embolization or surgery. Stigmata of bleeding occurred in 18% of patients(27/153) and was treated by endoscopic procedures. During hospitalization, 40patients(26%) received a median of 6 units of packed red blood cells. Multivariate analysis revealed that female sex(OR = 2.5, P = 0.02), warfarin use(OR= 9.3, P 70years(OR = 2.1, P = 0.04) and NSAID use(OR = 2.7,P = 0.03) were

关键词： In-hospital adverse clinical outcomes Antithrombot

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Tackling challenges of TB/MDRTB in China: concerted actions are imperative

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 165-167页

作者： Shenglan Tang Duke global Health Institute Duke UniversityDurhamUSA Duke Kunshan University Global Health Research CenterKunshanChina

China is the second largest TB epidemic with the most number of people infected with multi-drug resistant(MDR).Over the past decade,a large number of TB control projects have been funded by the government of China and international organizations,and epidemic in China has been effectively *** TB control in China still faced many *** to address these challenges may include integrating the national TB control program into health insurance schemes,strengthening TB case management through involving the Chinese hospital in national TB control program,and reforming payment methods for TB care as part of health system reform in China.

关键词： Tuberculosis China

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Will 2015 Be The Year The Yuan Becomes a global Reserve Currency?

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财经界 2015年第4期 62-63页

作者： Jeffrey Friedland the financial services firm Friedland global Capital

For too many years China has not been taken seriously on the global economic *** may change later this year when it’s likely that the global economic order will be shaken *** the first time,China’s currency,the yuan,could be endorsed by the International Monetary Fund(IMF)alongside the ***,the euro and other major currencies as a global reserve currency.

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Center for Plant Conservation's Best Practice Guidelines for the reintroduction of rare plants

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Plant Diversity 2017年第6期39卷 390-395页

作者： Joyce Maschinski Matthew A.Albrecht Center for Plant Conservation San Diego Zoo Global Center for Conservation & Sustainable Development Missouri Botanical Garden

Recent estimates indicate that one-fifth of botanical species worldwide are considered at risk of becoming extinct in the wild. One available strategy for conserving many rare plant species is reintroduction, which holds much promise especially when carefully planned by following guidelines and when monitored long-term. We review the Center for Plant Conservation Best Reintroduction Practice Guidelines and highlight important components for planning plant reintroductions. Before attempting reintroductions practitioners should justify them, should consider alternative conservation strategies, understand threats, and ensure that these threats are absent from any recipient site. Planning a reintroduction requires considering legal and logistic parameters as well as target species and recipient site *** selecting the genetic composition of founders, founder population size, and recipient site will influence establishment and population growth. Whenever possible practitioners should conduct reintroductions as experiments and publish results. To document whether populations are sustainable will require long-term monitoring for decades, therefore planning an appropriate monitoring technique for the taxon must consider current and future needs. Botanical gardens can play a leading role in developing the science and practice of plant reintroduction.

关键词： Reintroduction Monitoring Genetics Optimal site selection Founders Managed relocation

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