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A Registry-Based Observational Study on the Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients in Hong Kong

母胎医学杂志(英文) 2024年第3期6卷 156-163页

作者： Leung Hillary HY Ma Teresa WL Yu Florrie NY Kong Meliza CW Lo Tsz Kin So Pauline PL Leung Wing-Cheong Shu Wendy Cheung Ka Wang Moungmaithong Sakita Wang Chi Chiu Poon Liona C. Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong China Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology United Christian Hospital Hong Kong China Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong China Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology Tuen Mun Hospital Hong Kong China Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology Kwong Wah Hospital Hong Kong China Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Hong Kong China Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China

Objective: To report the clinical maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), along with any associated pregnancy complications, in Hong Kong, China, and to assess the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on these ***: This prospective registry-based observational study included pregnant women who were recruited through convenient sampling and had a laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection with a cycle threshold (Ct) value result available on admission to eight local hospitals in Hong Kong, China. Data on clinical symptoms, laboratory results, medical treatments, delivery timing and mode, and pregnancy complications were extracted from the Hospital Authority’s electronic medical record system. Maternal, fetal, and pregnancy outcomes were compared between unvaccinated pregnant women with COVID-19 and those who had received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine before diagnosis. Nonparametric continuous variables and categorical variables were analyzed using the Mann-WhitneyU test and the Pearson’s chi-squared test respectively. AP value less than 0.05 was considered statistically ***: A total of 164 pregnant women were included, of whom 78 (47.56%) were nulliparous. COVID-19 was diagnosed before 28 weeks’ gestation in 30 (18.29%), while 134 (81.71 %) were diagnosed at or after 28 weeks’ gestation. Sixty-two (37.80%) women received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. There were no significant differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups in the time interval between COVID-19 diagnosis and delivery, the Ct value, and the gestational age at infection onset or delivery (P > 0.05). The majority of women were symptomatic at diagnosis regardless of vaccination status (55 (88.71%) in vaccinated groupvs. 78 (76.47%) in unvaccinated group (P = 0.052). Symptoms did not significantly differ between groups except for cough (62.90%vs. 47.06%,P = 0.049). The overall

关键词： COVID-19 Maternal outcomes: Fetal outcomes Pregnancy complications Severe COVID-19

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CXCL13 shapes tumor immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer with homologous recombination deficiency

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 48-50页

作者： Yue Ding Zheng Ye Bo Ding Songwei Feng Furong Du Xuejiao Ma Xiaoxuan Wang Yang Shen Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology Zhongda HospitalSchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210008China State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210096China State Key Laboratory of translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co.Ltd.NanjingJiangsu 210042China

Recently,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitors(PARPi)have played a pivotal role in prolonging the recurrence-free survival of patients with ovarian cancer(OC).1,2 Although PARPi have revolutionized the treatment of OC,the absence of reliable predictive biomarkers limits the broad application of ICIs for patients with homologous recombination(HR)deficiency(HRD).3 CXC-chemokine ligand 13(CXCL13)is a cytokine constitutively secreted in the stromal cells of the B-cell region of secondary lymphoid tissue.4 It exclusively binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR5,which is abundantly expressed in subsets of mature circulating B lymphocytes,follicular helper T cells,and skin-derived dendritic cells,and governs the migration of these cells into secondary lymphoid organs in response to the CXCL13 gradient.5 In this study,we aimed to elucidate the role of CXCL13 in shaping the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME)in HR-deficient OC and to explore its relationship with the cGAS-STING signaling pathway.

关键词： CXCL13 cancer organs

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Helicobacter pylori and immunotherapy for gastrointestinal cancer

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 51-60页

作者： Keren Jia Yang Chen Yi Xie Xicheng Wang Yajie Hu Yu Sun Yanshuo Cao Liyan Zhang Yakun Wang Zhenghang Wang Zhihao Lu Jian Li Xiaotian Zhang Lin Shen Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and translational Research(Ministry of Education/Beijing) Department of Gastrointestinal OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and translational Research(Ministry of Education/Beijing) Department of PathologyPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with the risk of gastrointestinal(GI)cancers;however,its impact on immunotherapy for GI cancers remains *** this study,we included 10,122 patients who underwent ^(13)C-urea breath *** 636 patients with Epstein-Barr virus–negative microsatellite-stable gastric cancer(GC)who were treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy,***–positive patients exhibited significantly longer immune-related progression-free survival(irPFS)compared with ***–negative patients(6.97 months versus 5.03 months,pgroup demonstrated a trend of 4 months longer median immune-related overall survival(irOS)than the ***–negative ***–positive GC displayed higher densities of PD-L1+cells and nonexhausted CD8+T cells,indicative of a“hot”tumor *** analysis revealed that ***–positive GC shared molecular characteristics similar to those of immunotherapy-sensitive ***,***–positive patients with DNA mismatch repair–deficient(dMMR)/microsatellite instability–high(MSI-H)colorectal adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)had shorter irPFS compared with ***–negative patients(16.13 months versus not reached,p=0.042,HR 2.26,95%CI 1.13–4.50,p=0.021 and 5.57 months versus 6.97 months,p=0.029,HR 1.59,95%CI 1.14–2.23,p=0.006,respectively).The difference in irOS between ***–positive and–negative patients had the same trend as that between dMMR/MSI-H colorectal adenocarcinoma and ESCC *** also identified a trend of shorter irPFS and irOS in ***–positive liver cancer and pancreatic cancer *** summary,our findings supported that *** infection is a beneficial factor for GC immunotherapy by shaping hot tumor ***,in dMMR/MSI-H colorectal adenocarcinoma and ESCC patients,*** adversely affects the efficacy of immunothera

关键词： immunotherapy gastrointestinal pylori

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Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation:anti-inflammatory effects in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1671-1677页

作者： Yolanda Diz-Chaves Zainab Maastor Carlos Spuch José Antonio Lamas Lucas C.González-Matías Federico Mallo Biomedical Research Centre(CINBIO) Laboratory of EndocrinologyUniversity of VigoGalicia Sur Health Research InstituteVigoSpain translational Neuroscience Research group Galicia Sur Health Research InstituteCIBERSAMHospitalÁlvaro CunqueiroSala InvestigaciónEstrada Clara CampoamorVigoSpain Biomedical Research Centre(CINBIO) Laboratory of NeuroscienceUniversity of VigoGalicia Sur Health Research InstituteVigoSpain

The glucagon-like peptide 1 is a pleiotropic hormone that has potent insulinotropic effects and is key in treating metabolic diseases such as diabetes and ***-like peptide 1 exerts its effects by activating a membrane receptor identified in many tissues,including diffe rent brain ***-like peptide 1 activates several signaling pathways related to neuroprotection,like the support of cell growth/survival,enhancement promotion of synapse formation,autophagy,and inhibition of the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines,microglial activation,and apoptosis during neural *** glial cells,including astrocytes and microglia,maintain metabolic homeostasis and defe nse against pathogens in the central nervous *** brain insult,microglia are the first cells to respond,followed by reactive *** activated cells produce proinflammato ry mediators like cytokines or chemokines to react to the ***,under these circumstances,mic roglia can become chro nically inflammatory by losing their homeostatic molecular signature and,consequently,their functions during many *** processes promote the development of neurological disorders and influence their pathological evolution:like the formation of protein aggregates,the accumulation of abnormally modified cellular constituents,the formation and release by injured neurons or synapses of molecules that can dampen neural function,and,of critical impo rtance,the dysregulation of inflammato ry control *** glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor agonist emerges as a critical tool in treating brain-related inflammatory pathologies,restoring brain cell homeostasis under inflammatory conditions,modulating mic roglia activity,and decreasing the inflammato ry *** review summarizes recent advances linked to the anti-inflammato ry prope rties of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation in the brain related to multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkins

关键词： astrocytes brain glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor inflammation microglia

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Laparoscopic vs open surgery for gastric cancer: Assessing time, recovery, complications, and markers

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第1期16卷 40-48页

作者： Yun-Yao Lu Yun-Xiao Li Meng He Ya-Li Wang Chongqing Key Laboratory of translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common cancers *** and mortality have increased in recent years,making it an urgent issue to ***-paroscopic radical surgery(LRS)is a crucial method for treating patients with GC;However,its influence on tumor markers is still under *** data of 194 patients treated at Chongqing University Cancer Hospital bet-ween January 2018 and January 2019 were retrospectively *** who underwent traditional open surgery and LRS were assigned to the control(n=90)and observation groups(n=104),*** sample t-tests andχ2 tests were used to compare the two groups based on clinical efficacy,changes in tumor marker levels after treatment,clinical data,and the incidence of posto-perative *** investigate the association between tumor marker levels and clinical efficacy in patients with GC,three-year recurrence rates in the two groups were *** Patients in the observation group had a shorter duration of operation,less in-traoperative blood loss,an earlier postoperative eating time,and a shorter hospital stay than those in the control group(Pgroups regarding the number of lymph node dissections(P>0.05).After treatment,the overall response rate in the control group was significantly lower than that in the observation group(P=0.001).Furthermore,after treatment,the levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9,cancer antigen 72-4,carcinoembryonic antigen,and cancer antigen 125 decreased *** observation group also exhibited a significantly lower incidence rate of postoperative complications compared to the control group(Pgroups did not significantly differ in terms of three-year survival and recurrence rates(P>0.05).CONCLUSION LRS effectively treats early gastric cancer by reducing intraoperative bleeding,length of hospital stays,and postoperative complications.I

关键词： Laparoscopic radical surgery Gastric cancer Serum tumor markers Prognosis Recurrence Intraoperative bleeding

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Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine and inflammatory cytokines,markers and mediators of coronary artery disease progression in diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 575-578页

作者： Sonia Eiras translational Cardiology Health Research InstituteUniversity Hospital of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15706Spain

This editorial refers to the article“Comparative analysis of Nε-carboxymethyllysine and inflammatory markers in diabetic and non-diabetic coronary artery disease patients”,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Diabetes 2023 is based on glucose metabolism,advanced glycation end products(AGEs),inflammation and adiposity on diabetes and coronary artery disease(CAD).This study has included CAD patients who were stratified according to glycosylated hemoglobin higher than 6.5 and sex-matched.A higher prevalence of hypertension,dyslipidemia,and non-vegetarian diet were found in the diabetic *** risk factors might influence body weight and adiposity and explain the increment of the left *** this data was not supported by the *** diet can also explain the non-enzymatic reactions on lipids,proteins,or nucleic acids and consequently an increment of *** molecules can emit ***,one of the non-fluorescent and most abundant AGEs is Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine(CML).Its association with coronary artery stenosis and severity in the diabetic group might suggest its role as a player in CAD ***,CML,after binding with its receptor(RAGE),can induce calcification cascade through reactive oxygen species and mitogen-activated protein ***,this interaction AGE-RAGE can cause activation of the transcription nuclear factor-kb and induce inflammatory *** might explain the relationship between CML and pro-inflammatory cytokines in diabetic and CAD *** this is a population from one center,the determination of CML and inflammatory cytokines might improve the diagnosis of severe and progressive *** and comparative studies among glycosylated hemoglobin,CML,and other AGE levels according to diagnosis and prognosis value might modify the clinical *** these molecules are irreversible,they can act through a specific receptor inducing a signal transduction that might be modulate

关键词： Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine Inflammatory cytokines Adiposity Diabetes Coronary artery disease

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Histological Features of Uterine Myometrial Dysfunction:Possible Involvement of Localized Inflammation

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Current Medical Science 2024年第3期44卷 633-641页

作者： Sheng-lan ZHU Hui-ting ZHANG Yuan-yuan DU Yi JIANG Shao-shuai WANG Wen-cheng DING Ling FENG National Clinical Research Center for obstetrics and Gynecology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Department of obstetrics and Gynecology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Objective The latest perspective suggests that elevated levels of inflammation and cytokines are implicated in atonic postpartum ***(LPS)has been widely used to induce inflammation in animal ***,this study aimed to induce uterine inflammation using LPS to investigate whether local inflammation triggers dysfunction and atrophy in the myometrium,as well as the potential underlying molecular mechanisms *** In vivo,an animal model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 300μg/kg LPS in rats on gestational day ***-eosin(H&E)staining and Masson staining were employed to determine morphological changes in the rat uterine smooth ***-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect inflammatory ***,tissue fluorescence,and Western blotting were conducted to assess the expression levels of the uterine contraction-related proteins Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)and the nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)signaling *** vitro,human uterine smooth muscle cells(HUtSMCs)were exposed to 2μg/mL LPS to further elucidate the involvement of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-mediated *** In this study,LPS induced uterine myometrial dysfunction in rats,leading to a disorganized arrangement,a significant increase in collagen fiber deposition,and widespread infiltration of inflammatory *** both in vivo animal models and in vitro HUtSMCs,LPS elevated IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-αlevels while concurrently suppressing the expression of connexin 43(Cx43)and oxytocin receptor(OXTR).Mechanistically,the LPS-treated group exhibited TLR4 activation,and the phosphorylation levels of p65 and IκBαwere notably *** LPS triggered the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway,inducing an inflammatory response in the myometrium and leading to uterine myometrial dysfunction and uterine atony.

关键词： lipopolysaccharide inflammatory response TLR4 NF-κB myometrium

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Fetal lung growth predicts the risk for early-life respiratory infections and childhood asthma

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 481-495页

作者： Dimitra E.Zazara Olympia Giannou Steven Schepanski Mirja Pagenkemper Anastasios D.Giannou Maike Pincus Ioannis Belios Stefan Bonn Ania C.Muntau Kurt Hecher Anke Diemert Petra Clara Arck Division for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Fetal MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf(UKE)Martinistraße 5220251HamburgGermany University Children’s Hospital UKEHamburgGermany Computer Engineering and Informatics Department Polytechnic SchoolUniversity of PatrasPatrasGreece Institute of Developmental Neurophysiology Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg(ZMNH)UKEHamburgGermany Department of obstetrics and Fetal Medicine UKEHamburgGermany Department of General Visceral and Thoracic SurgeryUKEHamburgGermany Section of Molecular Immunology and Gastroenterology Ⅰ.Department of MedicineUKEHamburgGermany Pediatrics and Pediatric Pneumology Practice BerlinGermany Institute of Medical Systems Biology ZMNHUKEHamburgGermany Hamburg Center for translational Immunology UKEHamburgGermany

Background Early-life respiratory infections and asthma are major health burdens during *** predicting an increased risk for early-life respiratory diseases are ***,we identified the predictive value of ultrasound-monitored fetal lung growth for the risk of early-life respiratory infections and *** Fetal lung size was serially assessed at standardized time points by transabdominal ultrasound in pregnant women participating in a pregnancy *** between fetal lung growth and respiratory infections in infancy or early-onset asthma at five years were ***-learning models relying on extreme gradient boosting regressor or classifier algorithms were developed to predict respiratory infection or asthma risk based on fetal lung *** model development and validation,study participants were randomly divided into a training and a testing group,respectively,by the employed *** Enhanced fetal lung growth throughout pregnancy predicted a lower early-life respiratory infection *** sex was associated with a higher risk for respiratory infections in *** lung growth could also predict the risk of asthma at five years of *** designed three machine-learning models to predict the risk and number of infections in infancy as well as the risk of early-onset *** models’R2 values were 0.92,0.90 and 0.93,respectively,underscoring a high accuracy and agreement between the actual and predicted *** variables included known risk factors and novel predictors,such as ultrasound-monitored fetal lung *** Sonographic monitoring of fetal lung growth allows to predict the risk for early-life respiratory infections and asthma.

关键词： Asthma Child risk Early-life respiratory infections Prenatal lung development Sexual dimorphism

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Deep Learning in Predicting Preterm Birth: A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Algorithms

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母胎医学杂志(英文) 2024年第3期6卷 141-146页

作者： Zhang Fangchao Tong Lingling Shi Chen Zuo Rui Wang Liwei Wang Yan Department of Gynecology and obstetrics Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China Department of Gynecology and obstetrics The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang Shijiazhuang China School of Intelligence Science and Technology Peking University Beijing China Information Management and Big Data Center Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in obstetrics Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China National Clinical Research Center for obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China

Objective: To determine whether deep learning algorithms are suitable for predicting preterm ***: A retrospective study was conducted at Peking University Third Hospital from January 2018 to June 2023. Birth data were divided into two parts based on the date of delivery: the first part was used for model training and validation, while real world viability was evaluated using the second part. Four machine learning algorithms (logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, and transformer) were employed to predict preterm birth. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were ***: This research included data on 30,965 births, where 24,770 comprised the first part, and included 3164 (12.77%) in the preterm birth group, with 6195 in the second part, including 795 (12.83%) in the preterm birth group. Significant differences in various factors were observed between the preterm and full-term birth groups. The transformer model (AUC = 79.20%, sensitivity = 73.67%, specificity = 72.48%, PPV = 28.21%, NPV = 94.95%, and accuracy = 72.61 % in the test dataset) demonstrated superior performance relative to logistic regression (AUC = 77.96% in the test dataset), support vector machine (AUC = 71.70% in the test dataset), and random forest (AUC = 75.09% in the test dataset) ***: This study highlights the promise of deep learning algorithms, specifically the transformer algorithm, for predicting preterm birth.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Preterm birth Transformer

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Clinical Management Guidelines for Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第1期6卷 13-22页

作者： obstetrics group of the Gynecology and obstetrics Branch of Chinese Medical Association Perinatal Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association Xinyang Yu Huixia Yang Hongbo Qi 不详 Medical University Chongqing 400016China Department of obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China Department of obstetrics and Gynecology Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401147China

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP)is a significant gestational complication in late pregnancy,potentially leading to severe perinatal complications such as intrauterine fetal demise and preterm *** obstetrics group of the Gynecology and obstetrics Branch and the Perinatal Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Association organized a panel of domestic experts to deliberate and propose recommendations based on domestic and international guidelines,recent evidence-based medical evidence about key clinical issues including risk factors,clinical manifestations,perinatal outcomes,diagnosis,severity grading,maternal and fetal monitoring,treatment methods,timing,and methods of pregnancy termination,and postpartum follow-up for ICP,with the aim to guide its clinical diagnosis,treatment,and management.

关键词： Cholestasis,Intrahepatic Bile Acids Stillbirth Preterm Birth Diagnostic and Therapeutic Guidelines(Theme)

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