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The mechanism and effects of subgrade fluidisation under ballasted railway tracks

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Railway Engineering Science 2020年第2期28卷 113-128页

作者： Buddhima Indraratna Mandeep Singh Thanh Trung Nguyen centre for Geomechanics and Railway Engineering University of WollongongWollongong CityNSW 2522Australia Australian Research Council(ARC)Industrial transformation Training centre ITTC-RailUniversity of WollongongWollongong CityNSW 2522Australia

The rapid growth in railway infrastructure and the construction of high-speed heavy-haul rail network,especially on ground that is basically unsuitable,poses challenges for geotechnical engineers because a large part of the money invested in the development of railway lines is often spent on track *** fact around the world,the mud pumping of subgrade fines is one of the common reasons why track performance deteriorates and track stability is *** article presents a series of laboratory tests to examine following aspects of mud pumping:(1)the mechanisms of subgrade fluidisation under undrained condition,(2)the effects of mud pumping on the engineering characteristics of ballast,and(3)the use of vertical drains to stabilize subgrade under cyclic *** undrained cyclic triaxial testing on vulnerable soft subgrade was performed by varying the cyclic stress ratio(CSR)from 0.2 to 1.0 and the loading frequency f from 1.0 to 5.0 *** is seen from the test results that for a specimen compacted at an initial dry density of 1790 kg/m3,the top portion of the specimen fluidises at CSR=0.5,irrespective of the applied loading *** cyclic railway loading,the internal redistribution of water at the top of the subgrade layer softens the soil and also reduces its *** response to these problems,this paper explains how the inclusion of vertical drains in soft subgrade will help to prevent mud pumping by alleviating the build-up of excess pore pressures under moving train loads.

关键词： Mud pumping Ballasted track Subgrade fluidisation Fouled ballast Prefabricated vertical drains

Theoretical investigation of CoTa2O6/graphene heterojunctions for oxygen evolution reaction

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Frontiers of Physics 2021年第1期16卷 148-154页

作者： Qinye Li Siyao Qiu Baohua Jia centre for Translational Atomaterials Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology The Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial transformation Training centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM) Swinburne University of Technology College of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology Dongguan University of Technology

Water electrolysis is to split water into hydrogen and oxygen using electricity as the driving *** obtain low-cost hydrogen in a large scale, it is critical to develop electrocatalysts based on earth abundant elements with a high efficiency. This computational work started with Cobalt on CoTa2O6surface as the active site, CoTa2O6/Graphene heterojunctions have been explored as potential oxygen evolution reaction（OER） catalysts through density functional theory（DFT）. We demonstrated that the electron transfer（δ） from CoTa2O6to graphene substrate can be utilized to boost the reactivity of Co-site, leading to an OER overpotential as low as 0.30 V when N-doped graphene is employed. Our findings offer novel design of heterojunctions as high performance OER catalysts.

关键词： CoTa2O6\n OER charge transfer DFT heterojunctions

Domestication-related changes in sexual performance of Queensland fruit fly

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Insect Science 2021年第5期28卷 1491-1503页

作者： Jeanneth Perez Vivian Mendez Boaz Yuval Phillip WTaylor Applied BioSciences Macquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia Australian Research Council Industrial transformation Training centre for Fruit Fly Biosecurity Innovation Macquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia Department of Entomology The Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael

In Sterile Insect Technique(SIT)programs,massive numbers of insects are reared,sterilized,and released in the field to impede reproduction of pest *** domestication and rearing processes used to produce insects for SIT programs may have significant evolutionary impacts on life history and reproductive *** assessed the effects of domestication on sexual performance of laboratory reared Queensland fruit fly,Bactrocera tryoni,by comparing an old(49 generations)and a young colony(5 generations).We evaluated mating propensity,mating latency,copula duration,sperm transfer,and ability to induce sexual inhibition in ***,both males and females from the old colony had greater mating propensity than those from the young *** duration was longer when females were from the old *** was no evidence of sexual isolation between the colonies as males and females from the two colonies had similar propensity to mate with flies from either *** from the old colony transferred more sperm regardless of which colony their mate was ***,males from both colonies were similarly able to induce sexual inhibition in their mates and were also similarly able to secure copulations with already-mated *** effects of domestication on sperm transfer,coupled with maintained ability to induce sexual inhibition in mates and to secure copulations with previously mated females,highlights that domestication may have little effect,or even positive effects,on some aspects of sexual performance that may advantage mass-reared *** in SIT programs.

关键词： laboratory adaptation mass-rearing Q-fly sexual behavior sterile insect technique

Two new Coelotes species from China(Araneae:Agelenidae:Coelotinae)

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Zoological Systematics 2015年第3期40卷 258-267页

作者： Ying Luo Jian Chen Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green transformation of Bio-Resources Centre for Behavioral Ecology and EvolutionCollege of Life SciencesHubei University

Two new Coelotes spider species are reported from the Tiantangzhai National Forest Park at the juncture of Hubei and Anhui Provinces in China： Coelotes obtusangulus sp. nov. and C. tiantangensis sp. nov. Detailed des... 详细信息

关键词： Taxonomy spider Coelotes new species.

Right-wing and populist support for climate mitigation policies:Evidence from Poland and its carbon-intensive Silesia region

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Regional Sustainability 2022年第4期3卷 281-293页

作者： Mahir YAZAR Lukas HERMWILLE Håvard HAARSTAD centre for Climate and Energy transformation Department of GeographyUniversity of BergenBergen5020Norway Wuppertal Institute for Climate Environment and EnergyDoppersberg 19Wuppertal42103Germany

Research on environmental behaviour is often overlooked in literature on regime destabilization in energy *** study addresses that gap by focusing on socio-political and demographic factors shaping support for carbon regime destabilization policies in one of the most carbon-intensive regions of ***-intensive industries,especially coal mining and coal-based power generation,are often concentrated in a few carbon-intensive ***,decarbonization actions will affect those regions particularly ***,carbon-intensive regions often exert significant political influence on the two climate mitigation policies at the national *** on Poland,we investigate socio-political and demographic factors that correlate with the approval or rejection of the two climate mitigation policies:increasing taxes on fossil fuels such as oil,gas,and coal and using public money to subsidize renewable energy such as wind and solar power in Poland and its carbon-intensive Silesia *** logistic regression with individual-level data derived from the 2016 European Social Survey(ESS)and the 2014 Chapel Hill Expert Survey(CHES),we find partypolitical ideology to be an important predictor at the national level but much less so at the regional ***,voting for right-wing party is not a divisive factor for individual support of the two climate mitigation policies either nationally or *** interestingly,populism is a strong factor in support of increasing taxes on fossil fuel in the carbon-intensive Silesia region but is less important concerning in support of using public money to subsidize renewable energy in Poland *** results show the heterogeneity of right-wing party and populism within the support for the two climate mitigation ***-demographic factors,especially age,gender,education level,employment status,and employment sector,have even more complex and heterogeneous components in supp

关键词： Decarbonization actions Right-wing party Populism Climate mitigation policies Poland Silesia

Repeated measurement of growth-differentiation factor-15in Chinese Han patients with post-myocardial infarction chronic heart failure

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第10期15卷 618-627页

作者： Ji-Xuan LIU Yan-Ping LI Bo-Han LIU Xiao-Jing ZHAO Ze-Yu ZHANG Jin-Da WANG Qian JIA Chun-Lei LIU Xiao-Jian GAO Zhen-Guo XU Hua-Wei ZHANG Lin-Nan SONG Zhi-Jun SUN Kun-Lun HE Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision medicine Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina transformation medicine centre Chinese PLA GeneraI HospitalBeijingChina Department of Cardiovascular Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Department of Geriatric Cardiology Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Outpatient Department of North China Military Materials Procurement Bureau TianjinChina Queen Mary College of Nanchang University NanchangChina

Background Growth-differentiation factor-15(GDF-15)is a promising prognostic biomarker in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Comparatively little is known about the value of repeated measurement of GDF-15with CI-IF in Chinese Han *** study sought to identify the clinical value of repeated measurement of GDF-15in Chinese Han patients with post-myocardial infarction CHF. Methods In total,232consecutive Chinese Hart patients with post-myocardial infarction CHF were enrolled prospectively from January 2014to June *** plasma concentration of GDF-15was determined on admission and over *** were followed up for all-cause death and a composite outcome of major adverse cardiac events (MACE)included all-cause death,myocardial infarction and first heart failure (HF)*** with other clinical variables and adverse outcomes of repeated measurement of GDF-15 was *** The median baseline GDF-15level was 2025ng/*** GDF-15was moderately associated with baseline N-terminal pro-B type nalriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)(coefficient 0.561,P <0.001).During a median follow-up of 20months,there were 53deaths and ***-I5remained an independent predictor of all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio 1.826per 1Ln U,95%CI: 1.037-8.360;P =0.037)and MACE (adjusted hazard ratio 2.243per I Ln U,95%CI:1.181-1.775;P <0.001)adjusted for established risk *** measurement of GDF-15was performed in 173survivals over *** of GDF-15over 12months was associ- ated with dilatation of left ventricle and acted as an independent predictor of subsequent all-canse death (adjusted HR =3.164,95%CI: 1.245~.041;P =0.015).In the joint model,GDF-15was also shown to be a risk factor for all-cause death (HR =2.749,95%CI: 1.667-3.831;P <0.001)and MACE (FIR =2.434,95%CI:1.425-3.443;P <0.001).Conclusions Repeated measurements of GDF-15 have promising prognostic value of the risk of all-cause death in Chinese Han patients

关键词： Chronic heart failure Growth-differentiation factor-15 Left ventricular remodeling Myocardial infarction Prognosis

Diffraction-Limited Imaging with a Graphene Metalens

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Chinese Physics Letters 2020年第10期37卷 54-60页

作者： Xueyan Li Han Lin Yuejin Zhao Baohua Jia Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology School of Optics and PhotonicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China centre for Translational Atomaterials Swinburne University of Technology.P.O.Box 218HawthornVIC 3122Australia The Australian Research Council(ARC)Industrial transformation Training centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials(SEAM) Swinburne University of TechnologyP.O.Box 218HawthornVIC 3122Australia

Planar graphene metalens has demonstrated advantages of ultrathin thickness(200 nm),high focusing resolution(343 nm)and efficiency(>32%)and robust mechanical strength and ***,diffraction-limited imaging with such a graphene metalens has not been realized,which holds the key to designing practical integrated imaging *** this work,the imaging rule for graphene metalenses is first derived and theoretically verified by using the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction theory to simulate the imaging performance of the 200 nm ultrathin graphene *** imaging rule is applicable to graphene metalenses in different immersion media,including water or *** on the theoretical prediction,high-resolution imaging using the graphene metalens with diffraction-limited resolution(500 nm)is demonstrated for the first *** work opens the possibility for graphene metalenses to be applied in particle tracking,microfluidic chips and biomedical devices.

关键词： resolution holds rule

Performance of marine clay stabilised with vacuum pressure: Based on Queensland experience

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第3期11卷 598-611页

作者： Buddhima Indraratna Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn Pankaj Baral Jayantha Ameratunga Industrial transformation Training centre(ITTC)for Advanced Technologies in Rail Track Infrastructure&centre for Geomechanics and Railway Engineering(CGRE) School of CivilMining and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of WollongongWollongong CityNSW 2522Australia School of Civil Mining and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of WollongongWollongong CityNSW 2522Australia centre for Geomechanics and Railway Engineering University of WollongongWollongong CityNSW 2522Australia Golder Associates Pty Ltd. MiltonQueensland 4064Australia

Stabilising soft marine clay and estuarine soils via vacuum preloading has become very popular in Australasia over the past decades because it is a cost-effective and time-efficient *** recent times,new land on areas outside but adjacent to existing port amenities,the Fisherman Islands at the Port of Brisbane(POB),was reclaimed to cater for an increase in trade activities.A vacuum preloading method combined with surcharge to stabilise the deep layers of soil was used to enhance the application of prefabricated vertical drains(PVDs).This paper describes the performance of this combined surcharge fill and vacuum system under the embankment and also compares it with a surcharge loading system to demonstrate the benefits of vacuum pressure over conventional *** performance of this embankment is also presented in terms of field monitoring data,and the relative performance of the vacuum together with non-vacuum systems is *** analytical solution to radial consolidation with time-dependent surcharge loading and vacuum pressure is also presented in order to predict the settlement and associated excess pore water pressure(EPWP)of deposits of thick soft clay.

关键词： Soft clay Prefabricated vertical drains(PVDs) Vacuum consolidation Membrane-less system Membrane system

Unmet supportive care needs in families of children with chronic health conditions: an Australian cross‑sectional study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第12期19卷 1181-1191页

作者： Sangeetha Thomas Linda K.Byrne Nicholas P.Ryan Christel Hendrieckx Victoria White School of Psychology Faculty of HealthDeakin UniversityMelbourneVIC 3125Australia Department of Paediatrics University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Australian centre for Behavioural Research in Diabetes MelbourneVICAustralia Institute of Health transformation Deakin UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Cancer Council Victoria MelbourneVICAustralia

Background The aim of this study was to identify similarities and diferences in the unmet supportive care needs(USCN)of families of children with major chronic health conditions(CHCs)using a universal need assessment *** A cross-sectional online survey involving parents of children with congenital heart disease(CHD),type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1D),cancer,and asthma diagnosed within the last 5 years recruited via social media and support ***-four items assessing the USCN across six domains(care needs,physical and social needs,informational needs,support needs,fnancial needs,child-related emotional needs)were responded to on a 4-point Likert scale[no need(1)to high need(4)].Descriptive statistics identifed the level of need,and linear regressions identifed factors associated with higher need domain *** to small numbers,the asthma group was excluded from comparisons across *** One hundred and ninety-four parents completed the survey(CHD:n=97,T1D:n=50,cancer:n=39,and asthma:n=8).Parents of children with cancer were most likely to report at least one USCN(92%),followed by parents of children with T1D(62%).The fve most commonly reported USCN across CHCs were drawn from four domains:child-related emotional,support,care,and *** need items were included in the top fve needs for all conditions.A higher USCN was associated with a greater frequency of hospital visits and the absence of parental *** Using a universal need assessment tool,this is one of the frst studies to characterize USCN in families of children diagnosed with common *** proportions endorsing diferent needs varied across conditions,the most endorsed needs were similar across the illness *** suggests that support programs or services could be shared across diferent CHCs.

关键词： Children Chronic illness Need assessment Unmet supportive care needs