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Effects of tree size and organ age on variations in carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus stoichiometry in Pinus koraiensis

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Journal of Forestry research 2024年第3期35卷 155-165页

作者： Yanjun Wang Guangze Jin Zhili Liu center for Ecological research Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China Northeast asia Biodiversity research center Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China

Carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P)are of fundamental importance for growth and nutrient dynamics within plant organs and deserve more attention at regional to global ***,our knowledge of how these nutrients vary with tree size,organ age,or root order at the individual level remains *** determined C,N,and P contents and their stoichiometric ratios(i.e.,nutrient traits)in needles,branches,and fine roots at different organ ages(0-3-year-old needles and branches)and root orders(1st-4th order roots)from 64 Pinus koraiensis of varying size(Diameter at breast height ranged from 0.3 to 100 cm)in northeast *** factors were also *** results show that nutrient traits were regulated by tree size,organ age,or root order rather than soil *** a whole-plant level,nutrient traits decreased in needles and fine roots but increased in branches with tree *** the organ level,age or root order had a negative effect on C,N,and P and a positive effect on stoichiometric *** results demonstrate that nutrient variations are closely related to organ-specific functions and ecophysiological processes at an individual *** is suggested that the nutrient acquisition strategy by younger trees and organ fractions with higher nutrient content is for ***,nutrient storage strategy in older trees and organ fractions are mainly for steady *** results clarified the nutrient utilization strategies during tree and organ ontogeny and suggest that tree size and organ age or root order should be simultaneously considered to understand the complexities of nutrient variations.

关键词： Tree size Organ age(or root order) Carbon(C) Nitrogen(N) Phosphorus(P) Pinus koraiensis

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Improving photochemical indicators for attributing ozone sensitivities in source apportionment analysis

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第9期143卷 235-246页

作者： Xiaohui Du Wei Tang Zhongzhi Zhang Yang Yu Yang Li Ling Huang Greg Yarwood Fan Meng Atmospheric Environment Institute Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China College of Water sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100857China asia center for Air Pollution research United Nations Environment Programme Asia and the Pacific OfficeNishi-kuNiigata-shi 9502144Japan school of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Ramboll NovatoCalifornia 94945USA

Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions(CAMx)-Decoupled Direct Method(DDM)simulations of first-order ozone(O_(3))sensitivity to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions were performed and combined with modelled P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratios to obtain a range of thresholds for determining O_(3)-sensitivity regimes for different areas of *** the new threshold ranges for photochemical indicators,the method for determining O_(3)formation in the Ozone source Apportionment Technology(OsAT)module within CAMx was improved by a dynamically varied threshold of P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))*** O_(3)concentration contributions in the newly added transition regime were apportioned to NO_(x)and VOCs emissions in proportion to the relationship between the P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratio and first-order O_(3)*** source contributions of O_(3)concentrations from different emission sectors from June to september 2019 were compared using the original and improved *** results showed that the O_(3)concentration contributions changed significantly in the NO_(x)-limited regime,with a maximum decrease of 21.89%,while the contributions increased by up to 7.57%in the VOC-limited regime,and were within 15μg/m^(3)in the transition *** modified OsAT module enabled a more sophisticated attribution of O_(3)to precursor emissions and may have far-reaching implications for informing O_(3)pollution control policy.

关键词： O_(3) modeling O_(3)-sensitivity regimes Ozone source apportionment technology Photochemical indicators

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Afforestation increases microbial diversity in low-carbon soils

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Journal of Forestry research 2024年第2期35卷 14-22页

作者： Xuesen Pang Chuankuan Wang Chengjie Ren Zhenghu Zhou center for Ecological research Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management‑Ministry of EducationNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Northeast asia Biodiversity research center Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China state Key Laboratory of soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100People’s Republic of China

Afforestation has an important role in biodiversity conservation and ecosystem function improvement.A meta-analysis was carried out in China,which has the largest plantation area globally,to quantify the effects of plantings on soil microbial *** results showed that the overall effect of afforestation on soil microbial diversity was positive across the *** forest algorithm suggested that soil carbon was the most important factor regulating microbial diversity and the positive response was only found with new plantings on low-carbon bare lands but not on high-carbon farmlands and *** addition,afforestation with broadleaved species increased microbial diversity,whereas planting with conifers had no effect on microbial *** study clarified the effects of plantings on soil microbial diversity,which has an important implication for establishing appropriate policies and practices to improve the multiple functionalities(e.g.,biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation)during plantation establishment.

关键词： Afforestation Microbial diversity soil microbial communities species-energy theory Plantations

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Development and validation of a novel non-invasive test for diagnosing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 413-421页

作者： Zhe-Wen Qin Qian-Nan Ren Hong-Xi Zhang Ya-Ru Liu Ke Huang Wei Wu Guan-Ping Dong Yan Ni Jun-Fen Fu Division of Endocrinology National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNational Children’s Regional Medical CenterThe Children’s HospitalDepartment of EndocrinologyNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNational Children’s Regional Medical CenterThe Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310052China

With the exploding prevalence of obesity,many children are at risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver *** anthropometric and laboratory parameters,our study aimed to develop a model to quantitatively evaluate liver fat content(LFC)in children with *** A well-characterized cohort of 181 children between 5 and 16 years of age were recruited to the study in the Endocrinology Department as the derivation *** external validation cohort comprised 77 *** assessment of liver fat content was performed using proton magnetic resonance *** and laboratory metrics were measured in all subjects.B-ultrasound examination was carried out in the external validation *** Kruskal-Wallis test,spearman bivariate correlation analyses,univariable linear regressions and multivariable linear regression were used to build the optimal predictive *** The model was based on indicators including alanine aminotransferase,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance,triglycerides,waist circumference and Tanner *** adjusted R^(2)of the model was 0.589,which presented high sensitivity and specificity both in internal[sensitivity of 0.824,specificity of 0.900,area under curve(AUC)of 0.900 with a 95%confidence interval:0.783–1.000]and external validation(sensitivity of 0.918 and specificity of 0.821,AUC of 0.901 with a 95%confidence interval:0.818–0.984).Conclusions Our model based on five clinical indicators was simple,non-invasive,and inexpensive;it had high sensitivity and specificity in predicting LFC in ***,it may be useful for identifying children with obesity who are at risk for developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

关键词： Biochemical markers Children Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Pediatric obesity

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Three-dimensional forest foodscape in large herbivores’habitat based on UAV with LiDAR detection

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 343-346页

作者： Heng BAO Guangshun JIANG College of Wildlife and Protected Area Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Feline research center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration HarbinChina research center for Northeast asia Biodiversity Conservation HarbinChina

Traditionally,wildlife habitat research mainly extracts two-dimensional habitat ***,they live in three-dimensional space,and the three-dimensional structure of the forest ecosystem is an important factor affecting the composition of the mammal community(Fig.1a,b),and the three-dimensional structure of the forest also determines the behavior pattern of wildlife multidimensional habitat selection or use(Flaspohler et al.2010;Palminteri et al.2012;Müller et al.2014).For instance,forest structure determines the vertical distribution of annual edible shoots,fruits,or seed nuts resources in space,providing additional ecological niches for frugivores,rodents,and other species,and then leading to niche differentiation of wild animals in vertical space utilization,thus increasing species coexistence(*** et al.2023).

关键词： habitat forest dimensional

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small but big leaps towards neuroglycomics:exploring N-glycome in the brain to advance the understanding of brain development and function

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第3期19卷 489-490页

作者： Boyoung Lee Hyun Joo An center for Cognition and sociality Institute for Basic Science(IBS)DaejeonSouth Korea asia-pacific Glycomics Reference site DaejeonSouth Korea Graduate school of Analytical science&Technology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea

Glycosylation is a process that involves the addition of sugar moieties or glycans to different types of molecules,including proteins,lipids,and nucleic *** these,protein glycosylation is one of the most prevalent forms of post-translational modification,playing a crucial role in biological *** more than ten monosaccharides identified within mammalian brain cells and more than 1×1012 possible combinations,the heterogeneity of glycosylation is extensive(Conroy et al.,2021).The diversity of glycans and the complexity of their structures allow for a wide range of protein functions.N-glycans are one of the most abundant forms of glycans and are involved in various cellular functions.N-glycans can be added to proteins at specific sequons,Asn-X-ser/Thr,and are classified into three main types in mature glycoproteins:high mannose,complex,and *** mannose N-glycans consist of 5-9 mannose residues linked to a chitobiose core and undergo processing into complex or hybrid forms in the Golgi apparatus(Varki et al.,2017).Complex N-glycans are more diverse and contain various branched structures such as antennae with fucose,galactose,and sialic acid *** N-glycans contain one or more complex branches in conjunction with an oligomannose branch(Fisher and Ungar,2016).Understanding the specific functions of these different types of N-glycans in protein regulation,folding,and function is an active area of research in the life sciences,including glycobiology.

关键词： functions function apparatus

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Functional Optical Fiber sensors Detecting Imperceptible Physical/Chemical Changes for smart Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 268-308页

作者： Yiding Li Li Wang Youzhi song Wenwei Wang Cheng Lin Xiangming He Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China National Engineering research center of Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of Technology(BIT)Beijing 100081People’s Republic of China shenzhen Automotive research Institute of BIT(shenzhen research Institute of National Engineering research center of Electric Vehicles) Shenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China

The battery technology progress has been a contradictory process in which performance improvement and hidden risks *** the battery is still a“black box”,thus requiring a deep understanding of its internal *** battery should“sense its internal physical/chemical conditions”,which puts strict requirements on embedded sensing *** paper summarizes the application of advanced optical fiber sensors in lithium-ion batteries and energy storage technologies that may be mass deployed,focuses on the insights of advanced optical fiber sensors into the processes of one-dimensional nano-micro-level battery material structural phase transition,electrolyte degradation,electrode-electrolyte interface dynamics to three-dimensional macro-safety *** paper contributes to understanding how to use optical fiber sensors to achieve“real”and“embedded”*** the inherent advantages of the advanced optical fiber sensor,it helps clarify the battery internal state and reaction mechanism,aiding in the establishment of more detailed *** advancements can promote the development of smart batteries,with significant importance lying in essentially promoting the improvement of system ***,with the help of smart batteries in the future,the importance of consistency can be weakened or even *** application of advanced optical fiber sensors helps comprehensively improve the battery quality,reliability,and life.

关键词： smart battery Advanced embedded optical fiber sensor Battery internal physical/chemical state Quality-reliability-life characteristic

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Post-Newtonian binary dynamics in the effective field theory of Horndeskigravity

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 180-190页

作者：武文浩汤勇 school of Astronomy and space science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China school of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyChinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China International center for Theoretical Physics asia-pacific Beijing 100049China

General relativity has been very successful since its proposal more than a century ***,various cosmological observations and theoretical consistency still motivate us to explore extended gravity *** gravity stands out as one attractive theory by introducing only one scalar *** we formulate the post-Newtonian effective field theory of Horndeski gravity and investigate the conservative dynamics of inspiral compact binary *** calculate the leading effective Lagrangian for a compact binary and obtain the periastron advance per *** particular,we apply our analytical calculation to two binary systems,PsR B 1534+12 and PsR J0737-3039,and constrain the relevant model *** theoretical framework can also be systematically extended to higherorders.

关键词： effective field theory modified gravity pulsar

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Primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from false vacuum islands

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第9期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 62-76页

作者： Rong-Gen Cai Yu-shi Hao shao-Jiang Wang school of Physical science and Technology Ningbo University CAs Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences school of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences asia pacific center for Theoretical Physics

Recently, much attention has been focused on the false vacuum islands that are flooded by an expanding ocean of true-vacuum bubbles slightly later than most of the other parts of the world. These delayed decay regions will accumulate locally larger vacuum energy density by staying in the false vacuum longer than those already transited into the true vacuum. A false vacuum island with thus acquired density contrast of a super-horizon size will evolve locally from radiation dominance to vacuum dominance, creating a local baby Universe that can be regarded effectively as a local closed Universe. If such density contrasts of super-horizon sizes can ever grow large enough to exceed the threshold of gravitational collapse, primordial black holes will form similar to those collapsing curvature perturbations on super-horizon scales induced by small-scale enhancements during *** not, such density contrasts can still induce curvature perturbations potentially observable today. In this paper, we revisit and elaborate on the generations of primordial black holes and curvature perturbations from delayed-decayed false vacuum islands during asynchronous first-order phase transitions with fitting formulas convenient for future model-independent studies.

关键词： first-order phase transitions primordial black holes curvature perturbations

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slowly rotating charges from Weyl double copy for Kerr black hole with Chern–simons correction

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第8期76卷 141-148页

作者： Yi-Ran Liu Jing-Rui Zhang Yun-Long Zhang school of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCAS CAs Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of sciences National Astronomy Observatories Chinese Academy of Science International center for Theoretical Physics asia-pacific

The Weyl double copy builds the relation between gauge theory and gravity theory, in particular the correspondence between gauge solutions and gravity solutions. In this paper, we obtain the slowly rotating charge solutions from the Weyl double copy for the Kerr black hole with small Chern–simons correction. Based on the Weyl double copy relation, for the Petrov type D solution in Chern–simons modified gravity, we find the additional correction to the electromagnetic field strength tensor of the rotating charge. For the Petrov type I solution, we find that the additional electromagnetic field strength tensors have external sources, while the total sources vanish at the leading order.

关键词： Chern-simons modified gravity Kerr black hole Weyl double copy

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