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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1705-1706页

作者： Kazuki Watanabe Atsuhiko Hattori Department of Immunobiology Institute of Development Aging and CancerTohoku UniversitySendaiMiyagiJapan Department of Sport and Wellness College of Sport and WellnessRikkyo UniversityNiizaSaitamaJapan

Melatonin(N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine)is known as the hormone of darkness because it is synthesized at night and involved in regulating the circadian *** hormone is primarily synthesized by the vertebrate pineal gland,but is ubiquitous among invertebrates,unicellular organisms,plants,and even cyanobacteria(Hattori and Suzuki,2024).Melatonin is well-conserved evolutionarily and possesses several physiological functions,such as immune response,bone and glucose metabolism,and memory formation besides regulating the circadian rhythm.

关键词： metabolism primarily agent

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Bimetallic Single‑Atom Catalysts for Water Splitting

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 1-45页

作者： Megha A.Deshmukh Aristides Bakandritsos Radek Zbořil Nanotechnology Centre Centre for Energy and Environmental TechnologiesVŠB–Technical University of Ostrava17.listopadu 2172/1570800 Ostrava‑PorubaCzech Republic Regional Centre of Advanced technologies and Materials Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute(CATRIN)Palacky University OlomoucŠlechtitelů241/2778371 Olomouc–HoliceCzech Republic

Green hydrogen from water splitting has emerged as a critical energy vector with the potential to spearhead the global transition to a fossil fuel-independent *** field of catalysis has been revolutionized by single-atom catalysts(SACs),which exhibit unique and intricate interactions between atomically dispersed metal atoms and their ***,bimetallic SACs(bimSACs)have garnered significant attention for leveraging the synergistic functions of two metal ions coordinated on appropriately designed *** offer an avenue for rich metal–metal and metal–support cooperativity,potentially addressing current limitations of SACs in effectively furnishing transformations which involve synchronous proton–electron exchanges,substrate activation with reversible redox cycles,simultaneous multi-electron transfer,regulation of spin states,tuning of electronic properties,and cyclic transition states with low activation *** review aims to encapsulate the growing advancements in bimSACs,with an emphasis on their pivotal role in hydrogen generation via water *** subsequently delve into advanced experimental methodologies for the elaborate characterization of SACs,elucidate their electronic properties,and discuss their local coordination ***,we present comprehensive discussion on the deployment of bimSACs in both hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction,the two half-reactions of the water electrolysis process.

关键词： Single-atom catalysts Single-atom dimers Hydrogen evolution Oxygen evolution Water splitting

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Deciphering the role of mtH2O2 in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury mechanisms with low-background super-resolution fluorogenic probe

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第01期 297-307页

作者： Bin Fang Limin Wang Haoqin Li Jiaxin Zhang Yang Ding Pan Pan Li Bo Peng Hua Bai Lin Li Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials &Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE Future Technologies) Xiamen University

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury（HIRI） is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Monitoring mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide（mtH2O2） levels in real-time through super-resolution imaging is crucial for elucidating its distribution in live cells and its mechanism of action during HIRI. However, low-background fluorogenic probes have been overlooked in the context of super-resolution imaging. In this study, we developed a low-background fluorogenic probe（MitoWG） with the potential for super-resolution morphology-correlated mitochondrial identification to track the fluctuates of mtH2O2in HIRI. Activation of the desirable fluorescence properties of the probe by mtH2O2was confirmed using structural illumination microscopy（SIM）, enabling high-quality mitochondrial imaging with exceptional specificity and *** in mtH2O2levels were successfully observed in both cellular and rat models of HIRI. Furthermore, we associated the decline in mitochondrial redox homeostasis with accelerated mtH2O2production during HIRI, which triggered mitophagy deficiency and led to cell death. In conclusion, Mito-WG possesses excellent photophysical and low-background properties for SIM imaging, making it a promising tool for mtH2O2tracking in HIRI research and clinical diagnosis.

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Machine Learning Techniques in Predicting Hot Deformation Behavior of Metallic Materials

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 713-732页

作者： Petr Opela Josef Walek Jaromír Kopecek Department of Metallurgical technologies Faculty of Materials Science and TechnologyVSB–Technical University of OstravaOstrava70800Czech Republic FZU—institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague18200Czech Republic

In engineering practice,it is often necessary to determine functional relationships between dependent and independent *** relationships can be highly nonlinear,and classical regression approaches cannot always provide sufficiently reliable ***,Machine Learning(ML)techniques,which offer advanced regression tools to address complicated engineering issues,have been developed and widely *** study investigates the selected ML techniques to evaluate their suitability for application in the hot deformation behavior of metallic *** ML-based regression methods of Artificial Neural Networks(ANNs),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Decision Tree Regression(DTR),and Gaussian Process Regression(GPR)are applied to mathematically describe hot flow stress curve datasets acquired experimentally for a medium-carbon *** the GPR method has not been used for such a regression task before,the results showed that its performance is the most favorable and practically unrivaled;neither the ANN method nor the other studied ML techniques provide such precise results of the solved regression analysis.

关键词： Machine learning Gaussian process regression artificial neural networks support vector machine hot deformation behavior

Metal-organic frameworks with dinuclear metal centers for synergistically boosting CO2 photoreduction

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第01期 201-208页

作者： Hui-Feng Wang Wen-Jie Shi Yu-Xin Yang Bao-Xia Dong Tong-Bu Lu Di-Chang Zhong School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon technologies School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Technology

Dinuclear metal synergistic catalysis （DMSC） has been proved powerful in boosting CO2reduction,while this has not been achieved in heterogeneous catalysts with long-range order *** this study,we,by introduction of metal catalytic centers into an indium-based metal-organic framework （MOF）,obtained a series of isostructural In-MOFs,including three MOFs with mononuclear metal catalytic center （M-In）,three MOFs with dinuclear homometallic catalytic centers （MM-In）,and three MOFs with dinuclear heterometallic catalytic centers (MM’-In,M/M’=Co（II）,Ni（II）,Zn（II）).It was found that all these MOFs can serve as catalysts for photochemical CO2reduction to *** with M-In,the catalytic activities of MM-In were obviously enhanced,and that of MM’-In was further significantly *** example,the CO yield of Co Zn-In reaches a record value of 12,700μmol g-1h-1,which is 4.0,8.1,9.4,and 18.6-fold higher than that of Co Co-In,Zn Zn-In,Co-In,and Zn-In,***,the catalytic activities of Co Ni-In and Ni Zn-In also show different fold increase than those of corresponding dinuclear homometallic and mononuclear metallic *** results of control experiments and theoretical calculation reveal that the higher catalytic activities of MM-In over M-In can be ascribed to the DMSC effect,and the higher catalytic activity of MM’-In over MM-In can be ascribed to the strengthened DMSC *** work reveals the relationship between DMSC effect and bimetal centers in CO2reduction,which provides new insights into the DMSC and paves a new way to design highly active catalysts for photochemical CO2reduction.

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Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on Collective Prediction for Deployment of Base Stations

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 345-369页

作者： Jiaying Shen Donglin Zhu Yujia Liu Leyi Wang Jialing Hu Zhaolong Ouyang Changjun Zhou Taiyong Li School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China School of Future technologies Jiangxi Institute of Applied Science and TechnologyNanchang330000China School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChengdu611130China

The wireless signals emitted by base stations serve as a vital link connecting people in today’s society and have been occupying an increasingly important role in real *** development of the Internet of Things(IoT)relies on the support of base stations,which provide a solid foundation for achieving a more intelligent way of *** a specific area,achieving higher signal coverage with fewer base stations has become an urgent ***,this article focuses on the effective coverage area of base station signals and proposes a novel Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization(EPSO)algorithm based on collective prediction,referred to herein as *** a new strategy called neighbor-based evolution prediction(NEP)addresses the issue of premature convergence often encountered by *** also employs a strengthening evolution(SE)strategy to enhance the algorithm’s global search capability and efficiency,ensuring enhanced robustness and a faster convergence speed when solving complex optimization *** better adapt to the actual communication needs of base stations,this article conducts simulation experiments by changing the number of base *** experimental results demonstrate thatunder the conditionof 50 ormore base stations,ECPPSOconsistently achieves the best coverage rate exceeding 95%,peaking at 99.4400%when the number of base stations reaches *** results validate the optimization capability of the ECPPSO algorithm,proving its feasibility and *** ablative experiments and comparisons with other algorithms highlight the advantages of ECPPSO.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization effective coverage area global optimization base station deployment

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材料科学中小样本量的机器学习策略（英文）

Science China Materials 2025年

作者：陶秋伶于金鑫穆翔宇贾雪施荣佩姚志富王翠萍张海军刘兴军 School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science & Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Advanced institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR) Tohoku University Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Materials Xiamen University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of Technology

机器学习(ML)因其较低的计算成本和强大的预测能力,已广泛应用于新材料的设计与开发.近年来,机器学习在材料科学中的不足逐渐显现,其中最主要的问题是数据稀缺.在有限数据的情况下,构建可靠且准确的机器学习模型是一项挑战.此外,由于材...

机器学习(ML)因其较低的计算成本和强大的预测能力,已广泛应用于新材料的设计与开发.近年来,机器学习在材料科学中的不足逐渐显现,其中最主要的问题是数据稀缺.在有限数据的情况下,构建可靠且准确的机器学习模型是一项挑战.此外,由于材料数据积累的速度较慢,小样本量问题将长期存在于材料科学中.因此,回顾并分析针对小样本学习的策略,对促进机器学习在材料科学中的发展具有重要意义.本文系统地梳理了材料科学中小样本学习策略的研究进展,包括集成学习、无监督学习、主动学习和迁移学习.并提出了未来研究的方向,如少样本学习和虚拟样本生成.更为重要的是,我们强调了将材料领域知识嵌入机器学习的重要性,并阐述了实现该策略的基本思路.

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Boosting aqueous nickel-zinc battery stability with bimetallic ion-integrated 1D metal-organic nanowires

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yihao Chen Jin Liang Yichun Su Guoyin Zhu Hengyue Xu Hongye Ding Guangxun Zhang Dianheng Yu Zizhou Shen Yizhou Zhang Wei Huang Huan Pang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE) School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing University

Limited by low conductivity,designing cathode materials with excellent electron transfer efficiency for high-performance nickel-zinc batteries （NZBs） remains *** this study,a series of bimetallic metal-organic nanowires were fabricated by doping M ions in NiNTA,resulting in NiMNTA (M=Mg2+,Mn2+,Co2+,Zn2+,Ag+),and NixCo6-xNTA （x=1,2,3,4,5）.The proportions and types of metal ions can be modified without altering the initial coordination structure.X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy （XAFS） revealed that only M–O bonds,not metal bonds,were present in the *** performance of Ni2Co4NTA as the cathode for aqueous NZBs was significantly improved,achieving the maximum energy density of 279.17Wh kg-1with the high cycle stability （retention rate of 72.0%after 1,000 cycles）.The flexible Ni2Co4NTA//Zn@carbon cloth battery employing gel electrolyte also exhibits the excellent Coulombic efficiency of 96%after 350 *** approach shows considerable potential for designing one-dimensional materials with bimetallic modifications,providing new strategies for developing cathode materials for NZBs with high specific capacity and cycle stability.

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High-selectivity electroreduction of low-concentration CO2 with large concentration fluctuation

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Mengyu Qi Yanbin Ma Chao Zhang Bingwei Li Xueqing Yang Zhaolin Shi Simeng Liu Changhua An Jiqing Jiao Tongbu Lu MOE International Joint Laboratory of Materials Microstructure Analysis and Testing CenterInstitute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTianjin University of Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University

Electrochemical CO2reduction reaction（CO2RR） has been regarded as one of the most promising solutions to achieving “zero carbon emission”. In most of the CO2RR-related studies, high-purity CO2has been employed as the feed gas; however, in practice, CO2is generally emitted in low concentrations, so it is of great significance to realize high-selectivity electroreduction of low-concentration CO2with large concentration fluctuation. In this work, we constructed a dual-active-site catalyst and successfully achieved CO2local enrichment and conversion for low-concentration CO2. Operando experiments reveal that the catalyst has one type of site for activating CO2and one type of site for binding the reaction intermediates. The dual-active-site catalyst displays a selectivity for formic acid consistently above 97% over a broad potential window（from-0.9 to-1.6 V ***）. Even when fed with a low-concentration CO2stream（volume ratio from 50% down to 10%）, the dual-active-site catalyst could display high activity and selectivity（>91%）. In particular, the selectivity is still above 85% when the CO2volume ratio is as low as 5%. This work offers a feasible route for converting low-concentration CO2via a synergistic effect for dual-active-site catalysts.

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Long-read sequencing reveals novel genetic polymorphisms in the major histocompatibility complex region and their impacts on the Han Chinese population

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Cong Zhou Tingting Gong Shuhang Li Li Jin Shaohua Fan State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Lab for Evolutionary Synthesis School of Life Sciences Human Phenome Institute Fudan University Research Unit of Dissecting the Population Genetics and Developing New technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058) Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Human leukocyte antigen(HLA) genes in the major histocompatibility complex(MHC) region are crucial for immunity and are associated with numerous diseases and phenotypes. The MHC region's complexity and high genetic diversity make it challenging to analyze using short-read sequencing(SRS) technology. We sequence the MHC region of 100 Han Chinese individuals using both long-read sequencing(LRS) and SRS platforms at approximately 30X coverage to study genetic alterations and their potential functional impacts. LRS provides significantly greater coverage of the MHC region and eight classical HLA genes, particularly at the HLA-DRB1 locus, compared with SRS. We detect 78,249 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) using LRS, with 26.0% undetectable by SRS. Based on SNP and inferred HLA allele types, we construct an LRS-based MHC reference panel for the Han Chinese, containing approximately 2.6 times more genetic variants than the SRS-based Han-MHC reference panel. A phenome-wide association study assessing 26,024 phenotypes across 15 categories identifies significant associations for 7,879 independent variants(including 809 LRS-specific SNPs) with 409 phenotypes in nine categories. This analysis reveals 24 unreported HLA allele associations in the bioelectric and cellular categories. The conditional analysis identifies 530independent signals across the 409 phenotypes, including 28 previously unreported signals of eight classical HLA genes associated with 33phenotypes. Of the top-associated SNPs, 191 are detected by LRS only. Fine-mapping identifies 126 independent candidate causal SNPs for three immune-related cellular phenotypes, with 17 detected exclusively by LRS. Our study reveals previously unreported variants and their functional impacts in the MHC region, enhancing our understanding of genetic diversity and its potential biological implications in the Han Chinese population.

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