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Human Sebaceous <i>Cis</i>-6-Hexadecenoic Acid: Possible Application of an Innate Antimicrobial Substance to Cosmetic Products for Mucous Membrane

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2017年第2期7卷 133-147页

作者： Hiroyuki Araki Mori Hajime Eiko Tamura Hiroshi Hagihara Hirofumi Takigawa tochigi research laboratories Kao Corporation Tochigi Japan Odawara research laboratories Kao Corporation Kanagawa Japan

The antimicrobial properties of cis-6-hexadecenoic acid (C16:1Δ6), a component of the innate human metabolome, were studied and its application to cosmetic products was investigated in detail. A variety of the resident and transient microbial flora of the skin, oral cavity, and intestine was applied to an investigation of the antimicrobial activity of C16:1Δ6. C16:1Δ6 showed selective antibacterial activity against human microbial pathogens such as Clostridium perfringens (one of the most common causes of food poisoning) and Streptococcus mutans (one of the tooth-decaying bacteria), as well as Staphylococcus aureus. C16:1Δ6 seemed to possess a “species-selective” antibacterial activity against bacteria belonging to the genera Staphylococcus and Clostridium. We performed a preliminary assessment of the application of C16:1Δ6 as an antimicrobial component in a liquid lip gloss by performing preservation efficacy and home-use tests. We noted that the amount of p-hydroxybenzoate was needed in an oily cosmetic, especially liquid lip gloss, could be reduced by replacing p-hydroxybenzoate with C16:1Δ6. We suggest that C16:1Δ6 may find application as a stable antimicrobial substance gentle enough for use in consumer products by its selective antimicrobial characteristics.

关键词： Human Sebaceous Fatty Acid Cis-6-Hexadecenoic Acid Oily Cosmetics Liquid Lip Gloss Preservative Efficacy

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Aqueous Components of Tomato Accelerate Alcohol Metabolism by Increasing Pyruvate Level

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第10期5卷 870-879页

作者： Yusuke Ushida Shunji Oshima Koichi Aizawa Hiroyuki Suganuma Akihiro Nemoto Hiroko Ishikiriyama Yasushi Kitagawa research & Development Division Kagome Co. Ltd. Tochigi Japan research laboratories for Fundamental Technology of Food Asahi Group Holdings Ltd. Ibaraki Japan

Consumption of food while drinking alcohol has been suggested to play important roles in alleviating the physiological and pharmacological influences of alcohol. Vegetables are believed to provide health benefits, but there is little evidence for their influence on the effects of alcohol consumption. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a common vegetable, tomato, on alcohol metabolism. In a randomized, controlled, crossover study with12 Japanese healthy men aged between 24 and 56 years, drinking tomato juice containing 5% (v/v) alcohol (TJAlc) significantly attenuated the elevation of blood ethanol level and subsequently increased the level of acetate compared with a water-based alcoholic beverage with an equal dose of alcohol (0.4 g/kg body weight). Significantly higher levels of blood pyruvate and lactate were also observed in subjects who had consumed TJAlc compared with those consuming the water-based beverage. Additionally, a biphasic alcohol effects scale method showed that subjective feelings for alcohol-induced stimulant effects were significantly enhanced by drinking TJAlc. Animal experiments using male Sprague Dawleyrats suggested that the effect on blood biomarkers was attributable to the serum fraction of tomato (TS), which largely consisted of aqueous compounds, but not lipophilic compounds such as the carotenoid lycopene. Furthermore, it was suggested the TS possibly included potent compound(s) in addition to alanine, glutamine, and citric acid, all of which have previously been reported to affect alcohol metabolism. Administration of TS clearly increased the activity of NAD (H)-dependent enzymes such as lactate-(LDH), alcohol-, and aldehyde-dehydrogenase in rat liver cytosols. These findings suggest that aqueous compound(s) in tomato promote alcohol metabolism, probably through increasing pyruvate level, enhancing LDH activity, and improving the ratio of NAD to NADH.

关键词： Tomato Blood Ethanol Level Pyruvate Lactate Dehydrogenase Alcohol Metabolism

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Determination of metronidazole in a rat stomach by HPLC for obtaining basic data of the eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2012年第5期2卷 378-381页

作者： Mai Kubodera Tadakazu Tokumura Yoshiharu Machida Pharmaceutical research laboratories Nihon Generic Co.Ltd.Kannonndai 1-25-4TsukubaIbaraki 305-0856Japan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyInternational University of Health and WelfareKitakanemaru 2600-1OhtawaraTochigi 324-8501Japan Department of Drug Delivery research Hoshi UniversityEbara 2-4-41ShinagawaTokyo 142-8501Japan

In the eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori changes of antibiotics as these concentrations or amount in the stomach after oral administration were not clear. A simple and accurate method for determining the concentration of metronidazole （MTZ） in homogenate of rat stomach was developed in order to obtain basic data to design a pharmaceutical preparation having targeting ability to the surface of gastric-mucosa. This method included a deproteinization process by methanol, separation with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and detection with an ultraviolet wavelength of 370 nm. Regression analysis showed that the method was linear over a standard curve nmge from 5 ug/mL to 2000 g/mL. The inter-day precision and accuracy values between thc ranges were 5.0% or better and -7.5 to 5.2%, respectively. The newly developed method was applied to an analysis of gastric samples after oral administration of MTZ at a dose of 5 mg/kg. It was found that the residual MTZ in the stomach was determined within 5 h after dosing. This method is useful for monitoring MTZ in stomach after its oral administration to rats.

关键词： Metronidazole HPLC Homogenate Stomach Rat

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特应性皮炎患者皮肤透明质酸产生缺陷与其对金黄色葡萄球菌易感部分相关

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第1期2卷 46-47页

作者： Takigawa H Nakagawa H Kuzukawa M G. Imokawa 刘艳 Biological Science laboratories Kao Corporation 2606 Akabane Ichikai-machi Haga Tochigi 321-34 Japan.Dr

Background and Objectives: As one of the major skin fatty acids, cis-6-hexadecenoic acid (C16:1△6) exhibits a specific antibacterial activity and might pla y a specific role in the defense mechanism against Staphylococcus aureus, in hea lthy subjects whereas S. aureus frequently colonizes the skin of patients with a topic dermatitis (AD). Methods: Fatty acid composition of sebum at the recovery level was analyzed by gas chromatography and S. aureus colonizing the skin was a ssessed by the ‘cup-scrub’method (9 patients and 10 healthy controls). To eva luate in vivo effect of C16:1△6 on colonization, C16: 1△6 was applied for 2 we eks on the upper arm skin of another group of AD patients (11 patients). Results : Analysis of sebum lipids revealed that there is a significant lower free 016:1 Δ6 content in nonlesional skin from AD patients compared with healthy controls. This lower content is also accompanied by a significantly lower level of C16:1 △6 in the total fatty acid composition of sebum (analyzed following hydrolysis) . The lower level of free C16:1△6 correlated significantly (R2=0.41,p < 0.01) w ith the numbers of S. aureus colonizing nonlesional skin. Topical application of free C16:1Δ6 on the skin of AD patients for 2 weeks abolished the markedly inc reased bacterial count in 6 out of the 8 AD patients tested. Conclusions: Free C 16:1△6 may be involved in the defense mechanism against S. aureus in healthy sk in and this deficit triggers the susceptibility of the skin to colonization by S . aureus in AD.

关键词：特应性皮炎金黄色葡萄球菌皮损区定殖总脂肪酸脂肪酸组分抗菌活性气相色谱法分析

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