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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2169-2180页

作者： Mingyi Yu Faith Teo En Ning Chang Liu Yu-Chi Liu tissue Engineering and Stem cell Group Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease Singapore National Eye CenterSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes *** corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal *** retinopathy has traditionally been considered as damage to the retinal ***,growing evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy is a complex neurovascular disorder resulting from dysfunction of the neurovascular unit,which includes both the retinal vascular structures and neural *** retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness and is frequently screened for as part of diabetic ocular ***,diabetic corneal neuropathy is commonly overlooked and underdiagnosed,leading to severe ocular surface *** studies have found that these two conditions tend to occur together,and they share similarities in their pathogenesis pathways,being triggered by a status of chronic *** review aims to discuss the interconnection between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy,whether diabetic corneal neuropathy precedes diabetic retinopathy,as well as the relation between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and the severity of corneal *** also endeavor to explore the relevance of a corneal screening in diabetic eyes and the possibility of using corneal nerve measurements to monitor the progression of diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： cornea corneal nerves diabetes diabetic corneal neuropathy diabetic retinopathy retina

Glow in the Dark： Fluorescent Proteins as cell and tissue-Specific Markers in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2011年第5期4卷 794-804页

作者： Wenzislava Ckurshumova Adriana E. Caragea Rochelle S. Goldstein Thomas Berleth Department of cell and Systems biology University of Toronto 25 Willcocks St Toronto ON MSS 3B2 Canada

Since the hallmark discovery of Aequorea victoria＇s Green Fluorescent Protein （GFP） and its adaptation for efficient use in plants, fluorescent protein tags marking expression profiles or genuine proteins of interest have been used to recognize plant tissues and cell types, to monitor dynamic cell fate selection processes, and to obtain cell type-specific transcriptomes. Fluorescent tagging enabled visualization in living tissues and the precise recordings of dy- namic expression pattern changes. The resulting accurate recording of cell fate acquisition kinetics in space and time has strongly stimulated mathematical modeling of self-organizing feedback mechanisms. In developmental studies, the use of fluorescent proteins has become critical, where morphological markers of tissues, cell types, or differentiation stages are either not known or not easily recognizable. In this review, we focus on the use of fluorescent markers to identify and illuminate otherwise invisible cell states in plant development.

关键词： Arabidopsis auxin transport enhancer trap FACS fluorescent proteins GFP gene expression markers live imaging mathematical modeling meristem vascular development.

Cytopathological evaluations combined RNA and protein analyses on defined cell regions using single frozen tissue block

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cell Research 2002年第2期12卷 117-121页

作者： HONG LI, XIAO YAN CHEN, QING You KONG, JIA LIULaboratory of cell biology and Molecular Genetics,College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China Laboratory of cell biology and Molecular Genetics College of Basic Medical Sciences Dalian Medical University Dalian 116027 China

The co-existence of multiple cell components in tissue samples is the main obstacle for precise molecular evaluation on defined cell types. Based on morphological examination, we developed an efficient approach for paralleled RNA and protein isolations from an identical histological region in frozen tissue section. The RNA and protein samples prepared were sufficient for RT-PCR and Western blot analyses, and the results obtained were well coincident each other as well as with the corresponding parameters revealed from immunohistochemical examinations. By this way, the sampling problem caused by cell-cross contamination can be largely avoided, committing the experimental data more specific to a denned cell type. These novel methods thus allow us to use single tissue block for a comprehensive study by integration of conventional cytological evaluations with nucleic acid and protein analyses.

关键词： RNA and protein preparation defined histological region serial frozen section gene expression.

Preface to the special topic on tissue stem cell research

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第12期64卷 1995-1997页

作者： Jinsong Li Yi Arial Zeng State Key Laboratory of cell biology Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China School of Life Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China

Stem cells have the ability to self-renew,divide for a long period of time,and differentiate into specialized cells with distinct *** are hopeful that,in the future,stem cells will be used to cure a wide range of diseases and traumatic injuries with some application of cell ***,donated organs and tissues are used to replace lost or damaged tissue in many disorders.

关键词： injuries organs functions.

Exploring the role of N-acetyltransferases in diseases:a focus on N-acetyltransferase 9 in neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2862-2871页

作者： Prajakta Deshpande Anuradha Venkatakrishnan Chimata Amit Singh Department of biology University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Premedical Program University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Center for tissue Regeneration and Engineering at Dayton(TREND) University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Integrative Science and Engineering Center University of DaytonDaytonOHUSA Center for Genomic Advocacy(TCGA) Indiana State UniversityTerre HauteINUSA

Acetyltransferases,required to transfer an acetyl group on protein are highly conserved proteins that play a crucial role in development and *** acetylation is a common post-translational modification pivotal to basic cellular *** to 80%-90%of proteins are acetylated during translation,which is an irreversible process that affects protein structure,function,life,and *** this review,we have discussed the various N-acetyltransferases present in humans,their function,and how they might play a role in ***,we have focused on N-acetyltransferase 9 and its role in microtubule *** have shed light on how N-acetyltransferase 9 and acetylation of proteins can potentially play a role in neurodegenerative *** have specifically discussed the N-acetyltransferase 9-acetylation independent function and regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling and microtubule stability during development and neurodegeneration.

关键词： acetyl-coenzyme A Alzheimer’s disease animal models cell death drosophila eye human disease c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling N-Acetyltransferases N-acetyltransferase 9 neurodegeneration

Lipid droplets in the nervous system:involvement in cell metabolic homeostasis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 740-750页

作者： Yuchen Zhang Yiqing Chen Cheng Zhuang Jingxuan Qi Robert Chunhua Zhao Jiao Wang School of Life Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Center of Excellence in tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem cell Therapy BeijingChina

Lipid droplets serve as primary storage organelles for neutral lipids in neurons,glial cells,and other cells in the nervous *** droplet formation begins with the synthesis of neutral lipids in the endoplasmic ***,lipid droplets were recognized for their role in maintaining lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis;however,recent research has shown that lipid droplets are highly adaptive organelles with diverse functions in the nervous *** addition to their role in regulating cell metabolism,lipid droplets play a protective role in various cellular stress ***,lipid droplets exhibit specific functions in neurons and glial *** of lipid droplet formation leads to cellular dysfunction,metabolic abnormalities,and nervous system *** review aims to provide an overview of the role of lipid droplets in the nervous system,covering topics such as biogenesis,cellular specificity,and ***,it will explore the association between lipid droplets and neurodegenerative *** the involvement of lipid droplets in cell metabolic homeostasis related to the nervous system is crucial to determine the underlying causes and in exploring potential therapeutic approaches for these diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease lipid droplet biogenesis lipid droplets lipid metabolism nervous system neurodegenerative disorders oxidative stress Parkinson's disease

Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and usage for biotechnology applications:tissue engineering and food manufacturing

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Biomaterials Translational 2022年第1期3卷 17-23页

作者： Dafna Benayahu Department of cell and Developmental biology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

Recent advances in the field of stem cell research now enable their utilisation for biotechnology applications in regenerative medicine and food *** first use of stem cells as biomedical devices employed a combination of cells and scaffold to restore,improve,or replace damaged tissues and to grow new viable tissue for replacement *** approach has also been adopted to replace meat production in the food *** stem cells are the source material used to induce cells to differentiate into the desired *** technologies require mass propagation and rely on supplying the regulatory factors that direct *** stem cells can differentiate into fibroblastic and skeletal cells;fibroblastic/chondrogenic/osteogenic/myogenic and adipogenic *** differentiation fate requires specific key molecular regulators and appropriate activation *** cell commitment determination involves a concerted effort of coordinated activation and silencing of lineage-specific *** factors which bind gene promoters and chromatin-remodelling proteins are key players in the control process of lineage commitment and differentiation from embryogenesis through ***,a major research challenge is to characterise such molecular pathways that coordinate lineage-specific differentiation and *** the mechanisms of action and the main factors will provide the knowledge necessary to control activation and regulation to achieve a specific *** cells on a scaffold is a support system that mimics natural tissue and transduces the appropriate signals of the tissue niche for appropriate cellular *** outcome of such research will deepen the understanding of cell differentiation to promote and advance the biotech,allowing the cell expansion required for their usage in therapy or the development of food tech.

关键词： biotechnology chromatin remodelling differentiation gene expression mesenchymal cells

Molecular mechanisms of triggering,amplifying and targeting RANK signaling in osteoclasts

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第11期3卷 167-174页

作者： Yukiko Kuroda Koichi Matsuo Laboratory of cell and tissue biology School of MedicineKeio UniversityTokyo 160-8582Japan

Osteoclast differentiation depends on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB(RANK) signaling,which can be divided into triggering,amplifying and targeting phases based on how active the master regulator nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1(NFATc1) is. The triggering phase is characterized by immediateearly RANK signaling induced by RANK ligand(RANKL) stimulation mediated by three adaptor proteins,tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6,Grb-2-associated binder-2 and phospholipase C(PLC)γ2,leading to activation of IκB kinase,mitogen-activated protein kinases and the transcription factors nuclear factor(NF)-κB and activator protein-1(AP-1). Mice lacking NF-κB p50/p52 or the AP-1 subunit c-Fos(encoded by Fos) exhibit severe osteopetrosis due to a differentiation block in the osteoclast lineage. The amplification phase occurs about 24 h later in a RANKLinduced osteoclastogenic culture when Ca2+ oscillation starts and the transcription factor NFATc1 is abundantly produced. In addition to Ca2+ oscillation-dependent nuclear translocation and transcriptional auto-induction of NFATc1,a Ca2+ oscillation-independent,osteoblastdependent mechanism stabilizes NFATc1 protein in dif-ferentiating osteoclasts. Osteoclast precursors lacking PLCγ2,inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors,regulator of G-protein signaling 10,or NFATc1 show an impaired transition from the triggering to amplifying phases. The final targeting phase is mediated by activation of numerous NFATc1 target genes responsible for cell-cell fusion and regulation of bone-resorptive function. This review focuses on molecular mechanisms for each of the three phases of RANK signaling during osteoclast differentiation.

关键词： Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 c-Fos Nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif Ca2+oscillation

In vitro reconstruction and characterization of tissue-engineered human corneal epithelium with seeder cells from an untransfected human corneal epithelial cell line

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2012年第3期5卷 281-285页

作者： Bin Xu, Xiu-Zhong Hu Key Laboratory for Corneal tissue Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 Shandong Province China Qingdao Zhonghao Corneal tissue Engineering Corporation Qingdao 266071 Shandong Province China

AIM: To demonstrate the morphology and structure of in vitro reconstructed tissue-engineered human corneal epithelium (TE-HCEP) with seeder cells from an untransfected HCEP cell line. METHODS: The TE-HCEPs were reconstructed in vitro with seeder cells from an untransfected HCEP cell line, and scaffold carriers of denuded amniotic membrane (dAM) in air-liquid interface culture for 3, 5, 7 and 9 days, respectively. The specimens were examined with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of paraffin-section, immunocytochemical staining, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: During in vitro reconstruction of TE-HCEP, HCEP cells formed a 3-4, 6-7 and 8-10 layers of an HCEP-like structure on dAMs in air-liquid interface culture for 3, 5 and 7 days, respectively. But the cells deceased to 5-6 layers and the structure of straified epithelium became loose at day 9. And the cells maintained positive expression of marker proteins (keratin 3 and keratin 12), cell-junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, E-cadherin, connexin 43 and integrin beta 1) and membrane transport protein of Na+-K+ ATPase. The HCEP cells in TE-HCEP were rich in microvilli on apical surface and established numerous cell-cell and cell-dAM junctions at day 5. CONCLUSION: The morphology and structure of the reconstructed TE-HCEP were similar to those of HCEP in vivo. The HCEP cells in the reconstructed TE-HCEP maintained the properties of HCEP cells, including abilities of forming intercellular and cell-extracellular matrix junctions and abilities of performing membrane transportation. The untransfected HCEP cells and dAMs could promisingly be used in reconstruction HCEP equivalent for clinical corneal epithelium transplantation.

关键词： tissue-engineered human corneal epithelium in vitro reconstruction untransfected human corneal epithelial cell denuded amniotic membrane

The emerging role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles to ameliorate hippocampal NLRP3 inflammation induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescence

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1153-1163页

作者： Susana Mellado María JoséMorillo-Bargues Carla Perpiñá-Clérigues Francisco García-García Victoria Moreno-Manzano Consuelo Guerri María Pascual Department of Physiology School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit Príncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain Neuronal and tissue Regeneration Laboratory Príncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain

Our previous studies have reported that activation of the NLRP3(NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3)-inflammasome complex in ethanol-treated astrocytes and chronic alcohol-fed mice could be associated with neuroinflammation and brain *** stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs)have been shown to restore the neuroinflammatory response,along with myelin and synaptic structural alterations in the prefrontal cortex,and alleviate cognitive and memory dysfunctions induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent *** the therapeutic role of the molecules contained in mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles,the present study analyzed whether the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles isolated from adipose tissue,which inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome,was capable of reducing hippocampal neuroinflammation in adolescent mice treated with binge *** demonstrated that the administration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorated the activation of the hippocampal NLRP3 inflammasome complex and other NLRs inflammasomes(e.g.,pyrin domain-containing 1,caspase recruitment domain-containing 4,and absent in melanoma 2,as well as the alterations in inflammatory genes(interleukin-1β,interleukin-18,inducible nitric oxide synthase,nuclear factor-kappa B,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,and C–X3–C motif chemokine ligand 1)and miRNAs(miR-21a-5p,miR-146a-5p,and miR-141-5p)induced by binge-like ethanol treatment in adolescent *** analysis further revealed the involvement of miR-21a-5p and miR-146a-5p with inflammatory target genes and NOD-like receptor signaling *** together,these findings provide novel evidence of the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs to ameliorate the hippocampal neuroinflammatory response associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by binge drinking in adolescence.

关键词： adolescence binge-like ethanol treatment extracellular vesicles hippocampus mesenchymal stem cells neuroinflammation NOD-,LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)