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Microscopic and spectroscopic analysis of atmospheric iron-containing single particles in Lhasa,tibet

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 40-50页

作者： Junyu Chen Daobin Zhang Yiran Fu Jinhu Wang Xiaomei Cui Ci-ren Qu-zong Qiangying Zhang Chan Jin Bu Duo School of ecology and Environment Tibet UniversityLhasa 850000China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Institute of tibetan plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The tibetan plateau,known as the“Third Pole”,is currently in a state of perturbation caused by intensified human *** this study,56 samples were obtained at the five sampling sites in typical area of Lhasa city and their physical and chemical properties were investigated by TEM/EDS,STXM,and NEXAFS *** careful examination of 3387single particles,the results showed that Fe should be one of the most frequent metal *** Fe-containing single particles in irregular shape and micrometer size was about7.8%and might be mainly from local ***,the Fe was located on the subsurface of single particles and might be existed in the form of iron ***,the core-shell structure of iron-containing particles were about 38.8%and might be present as single-,dual-or triple-core shell structure and multi-core shell structure with the Fe/Si ratios of 17.5,10.5,2.9 and 1.2,***,iron and manganese were found to coexist with identical distributions in the single particles,which might induce a synergistic effect between iron and manganese in catalytic ***,the solid spherical structure of Fe-containing particles without an external layer were about 53.4%.The elements of Fe and Mn were co-existed,and might be presented as iron oxide-manganese oxide-silica ***,the ferrous and ferric forms of iron might be *** information can be valuable in expanding our understanding of Fe-containing particles in the tibetan plateau atmosphere.

关键词： Fe-containing single particle Irregular shape Core-shell structure Solid spherical structure Transmission electron microscopy Synchrotron X-ray microscopy

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A climatological northern boundary index for the East Asian summer monsoon and its interannual variability

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第1期61卷 13-22页

作者： CHEN Jie HUANG Wei JIN LiYa CHEN JianHui CHEN ShengQian CHEN FaHu key laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou University School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information Technology key laboratory of Alpine ecology and Biodiversity (LAEB) Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

A long-term perspective on the spatial variation of the northern boundary of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) and the related physical mechanisms is important for understanding past climate change in Asia and for predicting future changes. However, most of the meteorological definitions of the EASM northern boundary do not correspond well to the actual geographical environment, which is problematic for paleoclimatic research. Here, we use monthly CMAP and GPCP precipitation data to define a new EASM northern boundary index by using the concept of the global monsoon, which is readily applicable to paleoclimatic research. The results show that the distribution of the 2 mm day^(-1) precipitation isoline(i.e., 300 mm precipitation)has a good relationship with the spatial distribution of modern land cover types, the transitional climate zone and the potential natural vegetation types, in China. The locations of the precipitation isolines also correspond well to the locations of major shifts in wind direction. These results suggest that the 2 mm day^(-1) isoline has a clear physical significance since the climatic, ecological,and geographical boundary can be used as the northern boundary index of the EASM(which we call the climatological northern boundary index). The index depicts the northeast-southwest orientation of the climatological(1981-2010) EASM northern boundary, along the eastern part of the Qilian Mountains-southern foothills of the Helan Mountains-Daqing Mountains-western margin of the Greater Khingan Range, from west to east across Northwest and Northeast China. The interannual change of the EASM northern boundary from 1980 to 2015 covers the central part of Gansu, the northern part of Ningxia, the eastern part of Inner Mongolia and the northeastern region in China. It can extend northward to the border between China and Mongolia and retreat southward to Shangdong-central Henan. There is a 200-700 km fluctuation range of the interannual EASM northern bound

关键词： East Asian summer monsoon Climatological northern boundary index Interannual change Spatial fluctuations

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More endemic birds occur in regions with stable climate, more plant species and high altitudinal range in China

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Avian Research 2020年第2期11卷 183-190页

作者： Gang Feng Xiongwei Huang Lingfeng Mao Na Wang Xueting Yang Yanping Wang Ministry of Education key laboratory of ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian plateau&Inner Mongolia key laboratory of Grassland ecology School of Ecology and EnvironmentInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China key laboratory of Animal ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Co‐Innovation Center for Sustainable forestry in Southern China College of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Jiangsu key laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

Background:Geographical distribution of endemic species and its multiple scale drivers are an important topic in biodiversity conservation,because these species are especially vulnerable to climate change and habitat degradation,and therefore have high conservation ***,for the first time,we simultaneously linked glacial-interglacial climate change,contemporary climate,plant species richness and altitudinal range with endemic bird distribution in ***:Ordinary least squares models and simultaneous autoregressive models were used to assess the associations between endemic bird richness,endemic bird ratio and each explanatory *** Equation Models were also performed to test the direct and indirect effects of these variables on endemic bird richness and endemic bird ***:Higher endemic bird richness and endemic bird ratio occurred in regions with stable glacial-interglacial temperature,i.e.,southwest *** species richness and altitudinal range were also positively correlated with endemic bird richness and endemic bird ***-interglacial temperature change,contemporary precipitation,plant species richness and altitudinal range were all included in the best combination of variables for endemic bird ***,glacial-interglacial temperature change had strong direct effects on both endemic bird richness and endemic bird ratio,while plant species richness only had a direct effect on endemic bird ***:Our results indicate that endemic birds in China concentrate in southwest regions where there are stable glacial-interglacial temperature,more plant species and larger altitudinal ***,while stable climate has strong direct effects on both endemic bird richness and endemic bird ratio,plant species may affect endemic bird richness through its effect on overall bird species ***,the recent anthropogenic activities have also significantly intensified in this region,which w

关键词： Anthropogenic activities Biodiversity conservation Endemic bird ratio Endemic bird richness Glacialinterglacial climate change

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Cross-sectional rainfall observation on the central-western tibetan plateau in the warm season:System design and preliminary results

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第5期66卷 1015-1030页

作者： Kun YANG Yingying CHEN Lazhu Changhui ZHAN Xiaoyan LING Xu ZHOU Yaozhi JIANG Xiangnan YAO Hui LU Xiaogang MA Lin OUYANG Weihao PAN Yanghang REN Changkun SHAO Jiaxin TIAN Yan WANG Hua YANG Siyu YUE Ke ZHANG Dingchi ZHAO Long ZHAO Jianhong ZHOU Mijun ZOU Ministry of Education key laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System ScienceInstitute for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China National tibetan plateau Data Center State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System and Resource EnvironmentInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Research Center for ecology College of ScienceTibet UniversityLhasa850011China key laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Geographical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing400715China

The central and western tibetan plateau(CWTP)is characterized by harsh environment and strong interactions among the spheres of earth as well as significant changes in climate and water cycles over the past four *** lack of precipitation observations is a bottleneck for the study of land surface processes in this *** the past six years,we have designed and established two observation transects across the south-north and the west-east in this region to obtain hourly rainfall data during the warm season(May-September).The south-north transect extends from Yadong Valley on the southern slope of the Himalayas to Shuanghu County in the hinterland of the plateau,with a total of 31stations;the west-east transect extends from Shiquanhe in the west to Naqu in the central TP,with a total of 22 *** observation dataset has been applied to clarify the spatiotemporal characteristics of precipitation in the CWTP,to evaluate the quality of typical gridded precipitation products,to support the development of regional climate models,and to reveal the processes of summertime lake-air *** observation dataset has been released in the National tibetan plateau Data Center.

关键词： Central and western tibetan plateau Rainfall observation transects Observation uncertainty Spatiotemporal characteristics of precipitation Precipitation data evaluation

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Climate change filtered out resource-acquisitive plants in a temperate grassland in Inner Mongolia,China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 403-413页

作者： Heying Jing Xingshuo Xiong Feng Jiang Xucai Pu Wenhong Ma Daijiang Li Zhongling Liu Zhiheng Wang Institute of ecology and key laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Ministry of Education key laboratory of ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian plateau School of Ecology and EnvironmentInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China Department of Biological Sciences Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA

Global climate change has led to the decline of species and functional diversity in ecosystems,changing community composition and ecosystem ***,we still know little about how species with different resource-use strategies(different types of resource usage and plant growth of plants as indicated by the spectrum of plant economic traits,including acquisitive resource-use strategy and conservative resource-use strategy)would change in response to climate change,and how the changes in the diversity of species with different resource-use strategies may influence community-level ***,using long-term(1982–2017)observatory data in a temperate grassland in Inner Mongolia,we investigated how climate change had affected the species richness(SR)and functional richness(FRic)for the whole community and for species with different resource-use ***,based on data for four traits representing leaf economics spectrum(leaf carbon concentration,leaf nitrogen concentration,leaf phosphorus concentration,and specific leaf area),we divided 81 plant species appearing in the grassland community into three plant functional types representing resource-acquisitive,medium,and resource-conservative *** then analyzed the changes in community-level productivity in response to the decline of SR and FRic at the community level and for different resource-use *** found that community-level SR and FRic decreased with drying climate,which was largely driven by the decline of diversity for resource-acquisitive ***,community-level productivity remained stable because resource-conservative species dominating this grassland were barely affected by climate *** study revealed distinctive responses of species with different resource-use strategies to climate change and provided a new approach based on species functional traits for predicting the magnitude and direction of climate change effects on ecosystem functions.

关键词： biodiversity ecological strategy functional diversity functional trait long-term change species diversity

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Reasonable management of perennial planting grassland contributes to positive succession of soil microbial community in Sanjiangyuan of Qinghai-tibetan plateau,China

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Journal of Plant ecology 2022年第2期15卷 359-371页

作者： Xin Chen Qi Li Dongdong Chen Fuquan He Lili Huo Liang Zhao Chunwang Xiao key laboratory of ecology and Environment in Minority areas(Minzu University of China) National Ethnic Affairs CommissionBeijing 100081China College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China key laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningQinghai 810008China

Grassland reconstruction is a major approach to alleviate the‘black beach’in Sanjiangyuan of the Qinghai-tibetan *** is vital to understand how to manage the planting grassland after *** which artificial grassland management pattern is more likely to restore the degraded grassland of‘black beach?’To provide the scientific basis for the restoration of‘black beach’,we investigated the changes in vegetation characteristics,soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community structure of planting grassland under different management patterns,and explored the effect of the management patterns on community succession of planting *** this study,vegetation characteristics and soil physicochemical properties were measured by field investigation and laboratory analyses,*** microbial community composition was determined by high-throughput sequencing *** results showed that there were significant differences in vegetation characteristics,soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community structure of the planting grassland under different management *** and Basidiomycota were mainly controlled by vegetation plant species diversity,aboveground biomass(AGB)and soil organic carbon(SOC).Shannon-Wiener index,AGB and SOC peaked and the relative abundance of amplicon sequence variants annotated by Actinobacteria and Basidiomycota were significantly enriched under the management pattern of the planting once ***,the soil had the highest bacterial diversity and the lowest fungal diversity under the planting once treatment,becoming a‘bacterial’*** vegetation characteristics and soil environment were more conducive to overall positive community succession,indicating that the planting once treatment is the most reasonable management pattern for restoring the‘black beach’.

关键词： Sanjiangyuan of Qinghai-tibetan plateau planting grassland management pattern soil microbial community the relative abundance of ASVs

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Bacterial Diversity in Alpine Lakes: A Review from the Third Pole Region

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第2期30卷 387-396页

作者： Namita Paudel Adhikari Subash Adhikari Xiaobo Liu Liang Shen Zhengquan Gu key laboratory of Alpine ecology and Biodiversity Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences key laboratory of tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Science Janapriya Multiple Campus Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Center for Research and Education CAS-TU

Microorganisms are unique among all of the living organisms because of their high population size, advanced genetic diversity, short generation time, and quick response to the small change in environmental conditions. Remote alpine lakes of the Third Pole region provide the unique habitat for microorganisms acting as a natural laboratory and offering the information about the ecological roles of microorganisms. Many researchers focused on microbial communities as well as the impact of physicochemical, biological and hydrological parameters in lakes of this region since decades but the comprehensive review focusing on bacterial diversity and the role of environmental parameters still lacks. Here we reviewed bacterial diversity in lakes of the Third Pole region by analyzing 16 S rRNA clone libraries accessed from previous research findings. A total of 5 388 bacterial 16 S rRNA gene sequences were analyzed and classified into different phylogenetic groups. The average relative abundance of dominant taxa includes Betaproteobacteria(19%), Bacteroidetes(18%), Gammaproteobacteria(16%), Actinobacteria(15%), Alphaproteobacteria(14%), Cyanobacteria(7%), and Firmicutes(5%). Several adaptational strategies were adopted by these dominant bacterial groups in order to accommodate in the respective habitat. Nevertheless, lake water properties like temperature, pH, salinity, incident UV radiation, turbidity, and nutrients also played role in bacterial diversity.

关键词： bacterial diversity alpine lakes 16S rRNA Third Pole region

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Accumulation phenomena in fluvial processes and the corresponding stochastic model

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第6期30卷 1021-1040页

作者： JING Huan ZHONG Deyu ZHANG Hongwu SHI Xufang WANG Yanjun State key laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineeing Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084.China State key laboratory of plateau ecology and Agriculture Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China School of Water Resources and Electric Power Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China

Accumulation occurs widely in fluvial *** accounting for the effects of previous water and sediment conditions on accumulation is essential for studying riverbed *** this study,to reveal the physical mechanisms of accumulation,various geometric observations of both the upstream and downstream reaches of dams on several typical fluvial channels were *** changes in water and sediment conditions were defined as external *** that the probability of an external disturbance conforms to a Poisson distribution,and that the response intensity induced by an individual disturbance decays exponentially over time,a mathematical description of the accumulation of internal responses to external disturbances is ***,a corresponding theoretical model for simulating the spatiotemporal readjustments of characteristic river variables is proposed based on stochastic *** proposed models are then applied to investigate spatiotemporal readjustment in the upper and lower reaches of dams following their *** results indicate that temporally,the vertical,lateral,and overall readjustment rates of the reaches are relatively fast in the early period following dam construction but then decrease rapidly over *** riverbed degradation,channel width,and sedimentation continuously increase until a new dynamic equilibrium is *** phenomena reflect the representative accumulation characteristics of fluvial ***,the erosion intensities in downstream reaches decrease nonlinearly along the channel until eventually *** unbalanced spatial distribution of erosion intensity arises from the system response characterized by propagation in space but decay over time,which is characteristic of accumulation phenomena after *** results of the developed model show that the spatiotemporal readjustments of the studied cross-sections and channel reaches can be accurately descr

关键词： aceumulation phenomenon fluvial process accumulated riverbed degradation channel width accu-mulated erosion and sedimentation

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Bibliometric analysis and systematic review of electrochemical methods for environmental remediation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 113-136页

作者： Wenbin Huang Shibin Liu Tao Zhang Hao Wu Shengyan Pu College of Earth Sciences Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China State key laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection(Chengdu University of Technology) Chengdu 610059China College of ecology and Environment Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China key laboratory of Biodiversity Formation Mechanism and Comprehensive Utilization of the Qinghai-tibet plateau in Qinghai Province Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810008China Scientific Research Academy of Guangxi Environmental Protection Nanning 530022China

Electrochemical methods are increasingly favored for remediating polluted environments due to their environmental compatibility and reagent-saving ***,a comprehensive understanding of recent progress,mechanisms,and trends in thesemethods is currently *** of Science(WoS)databases were utilized for searching the primary data to understand the knowledge structure and research trends of publications on electrochemical methods and to unveil certain hotspots and future trends of electrochemical methods *** original data were sampled from 9080 publications in those databases with the search deadline of June 1st,*** and VOSviewer software facilitated data visualization and analysis of document quantities,source journals,institutions,authors,and *** discussed principles,influencing factors,and progress related to seven major ***,publications on this subject have experienced significant growth since *** most frequently-investigated areas in electrochemical methods included novel materials development,heavy metal remediation,organic pollutant degradation,and removal mechanism identification.“Advanced oxidation process”and“Nanocomposite”are currently trending *** major remediation mechanisms are adsorption,oxidation,and *** efficiency of electrochemical systems is influenced by material properties,system configuration,electron transfer efficiency,and power ***-Fenton exhibits significant advantages in achieving synergistic effects of anodic oxidation and electro-adsorption among the seven *** research should prioritize the improvement of electron transfer efficiency,the optimization of electrode materials,the exploration of emerging technology coupling,and the reduction in system operation and maintenance costs.

关键词： Electrochemical remediation Bibliometric analysis Heavy metals Organic pollutants Electrode materials

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Individual particle analysis of aerosols collected at Lhasa City in the tibetan plateau

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 165-177页

作者： Bu Duo Yunchen Zhang Lingdong Kong Hongbo Fu Yunjie Hu Jianmin Chen Lin Li A.Qiong Shanghai key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science & EngineeringFudan University Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science Tibet University Environmental Monitoring Center Station of tibet Autonomous Region

To understand the composition and major sources of aerosol particles in Lhasa City on the tibetan plateau （TP）, individual particles were collected from 2 February to 8 March, 2013 in tibet University. The mean concentrations of both PM2.5 and PM10 during the sampling were 25.7 ± 21.7 and 57.2 ± 46.7 μg/m^3, respectively, much lower than those of other cities in East and South Asia, but higher than those in the remote region in TP like Nam Co, indicating minor urban pollution. Combining the observations with the meteorological parameters and back trajectory analysis, it was concluded that local sources controlled the pollution during the sampling. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） combined with energydispersive X-ray spectra （EDS） was used to study 408 particles sampled on four days. Based on the EDS analysis, a total of 8 different particle categories were classified for all 408 particles, including Si-rich, Ca-rich, soot, K-rich, Fe-rich, Pb-rich, Al-rich and other particles. The dominant elements were Si, A1 and Ca, which were mainly attributed to mineral dust in the earth＇s crust such as feldspar and clay. Fe-, Pb-, K-, Al-rich particles and soot mainly originated from anthropogenic sources like firework combustion and biomass burning during the sampling. During the sampling, the pollution mainly came from mineral dust, while the celebration ceremony and religious ritual produced a large quantity of anthro- pogenic metal-bearing particles on 9 and 25 February 2013. Cement particles also had a minor influence. The data obtained in this study can be useful for developing pollution control strategies.

关键词： Individual particles Fireworks Biomass burning Lhasa TEM

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