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Comparison of the water consumption levels of four shelterbelt tree species in a typical arid oasis in Northwest China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 169-176页

作者： Shuai Fu Bingxian Xu Yufang Leng Yuxin Peng Guogen Tao Lanhai Li School of Taxation and Public Administration Jiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsNanchang 330013China research team of International price analysis and prediction of bulk commodities Jiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsNanchang 330013China School of Foreign Languages Jiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsNanchang 330013China Laboratory of Water Cycle and Water Use in Arid Region Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China tianshan snow Cover and avalanche Observation and research station of Xinjiang Xinyuan 835800XinjiangChina

The shelterbelt is an indispensable barrier to the ecological and economic development of an *** moisture,groundwater and irrigation greatly affect the shelterbelt water consumption and *** this study,the transpiration rate of shelterbelt trees,soil moisture and meteorological data were collected to determine the effects of soil moisture and meteorological factors on the water consumption of different shelterbelt tree species via multivariate statistical *** results showed that the water consumption rate was positively correlated with solar radiation,air temperature and ***,the leaf transpiration rate exhibited the trend of *** Jabl.˃***˃*** Carr.>***,while the average daily water consumption decreased in the order of ***>*** Jabl.>*** Carr.>*** average daily water consumption levels of ***,*** Jabl.,*** *** *** were(9.15±0.92)kg/(tree∙d),(6.95±1.41)kg/(tree∙d),(4.43±1.32)kg/(tree∙d),and(1.58±0.18)kg/(tree∙d),*** the growing season,the soil water consumption levels of ***,*** Jabl.,*** Carr.,and *** in each shelterbelt tree stand reached 674.8,336.9,358.1 and 161.7 kg,*** than 96%of the soil moisture lost was provided by the upper 120-cm soil *** the influence and contribution of soil water and meteorological factors to shelterbelt water consumption is beneficial for shelterbelt management and protection.

关键词： water consumption irrigation management shelterbelts soil moisture climatic factors

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snowpack variations and their hazardous effects under climate warming in the central tianshan Mountains

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Advances in Climate Change research 2024年第3期15卷 442-451页

作者： Jian-Sheng HAO Yan WANG Lan-Hai LI Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Utilization in Arid Zone Urumqi 830011China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China tianshan snowcover and avalanche Observation and research station of Xinjiang Xinyuan 835800China CAS research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Urumqi 830011China

Climate change alters snowpack evolution,which in turn influences the likelihood of snow avalanches and flood *** lack of systemic observational data on key snow characteristics in high mountains remains a scientific challenge in terms of systematically elucidating the dynamic chain of variations in climate-snowpack-snow *** restricts our understanding and poses challenges in the prediction of snow-related disaster *** such,this study analysed the variations of temperature and snowfall and the physical characteristics of snowpacks based on ground-based observations from the Kunse River Valley situated in the tianshan Mountains from 1967 to *** results reveal that the temperature increased significantly by 0.32°C per decade(psnow season,along with more extreme snowfall *** snow-cover duration was observed to have been shortened by 4.77 d per decade(psnow-cover onset and earlier ***,average and maximum snow depths increased along with an increase in peak snow water equivalent,thus indicating a higher frequency of extremely scarce or abundant snow *** low snowpack temperature gradient and earlier snowmelt dates in spring lead to earlier occurrences of snowmelt floods and wet *** the risks of these events increase,they pose greater threats to farmlands,road transportation,water-electricity infrastructure and several other human ***,these insights are critical for providing vital information that can deepen our understanding of the impact of climate change on snowpack characteristics and improve management strategies for snow-related disaster prevention and mitigation.

关键词： Climate change snowpack variations snow-related disaster tianshan Mountains

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Light grazing alleviates aeolian erosion–deposition effects on microbial communities in a semi-arid grassland

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 148-164页

作者： Mingming Cui Biqi Bao Yipu Wu Nan Hui Mai-He Li Shiqiang Wan Shijie Han Feirong Ren Junqiang Zheng International Joint research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology School of Life Sciences Henan University Yellow River Floodplain Ecosystems research station School of Life Sciences Henan University School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Forest Dynam-ics Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains Ministry of Education School of Geographical Sciences Northeast Normal University School of Life Science Hebei University

Background Soil erosion affects the stability of terrestrial ecosystems and ecosystem services by directly or indirectly impacting the cycling of soil materials and energy and reducing the fertility of grassland soils. However, research on microbial adaptation to grazing and soil erosion is limited, particularly in relation to grassland ecosystem restora-tion. Here, we assess microbial communities subjected to simulated soil erosion and grazing in a semi-arid grassland of Inner Mongolia, *** No significant change was observed in soil variables. However, the structure of the soil microbial commu-nity underwent significant changes as a result of soil erosion and soil erosion plus grazing, leading to a significant increase in the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria(116.80% vs 116.38%). Wind erosion and deposition contributed to an increase in the network complexity of soil bacterial and fungal communities. However, much of this effect was alleviated by grazing. Simultaneously, aeolian processes and grazing regulate soil microbial community assembly, leading to inconsistent patterns of change in bacterial and fungal communities. Under wind erosion and deposi-tion, the relative contribution of deterministic processes(4.44% vs 31.11%) in bacterial communities increased, while the relative contribution of stochastic processes(2.23% vs 20%) in fungal communities reduced. Grazing resulted in a decrease in the relative contribution of deterministic processes(8.89%) in the bacterial community and an increase in the relative contribution of stochastic processes(8.89%) in the fungal *** This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the response of soil microbial communities to aeolian erosion–deposition and grazing in a semi-arid grassland. Our findings indicate that microbial communities in the semi-arid grassland show resistance to external disturbances and that light grazing mitigates the effects of aeo-lian erosion–deposition on microbial co

关键词： Semi-arid grassland Erosion Grazing Soil microbial community network Deposition

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Stable carbon isotope composition and intrinsic water use efficiency in plants along an altitudinal gradient on the eastern slope of Yulong snow Mountain, China

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 218-230页

作者： Feng Jiang Tao Pu Zi-Jing Xue Yan-Wei Ma Xiao-Yi Shi Fu-Xi Shi College of Geography and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang Normal University Yulong snow Mountain Glacier and Environment Observation and research station/State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of Forestry Jiangxi Agricultural University

Background Stable carbon isotope composition(δ13Cp) can be used to estimate the changes in intrinsic water use efficiency（iWUE） in plants,which helps us to better understand plants' response strategies to climate *** study focused on the variations in δ13Cpand iWUE for the different life-form plants（i.e.,herbs,shrubs,and trees）along an altitudinal gradient（3300,3600,3900,4100,4300,and 4500 m） on the eastern slope of Yulong snow Mountain,southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet *** response mechanisms of δ13Cpand iWUE for different life-form plants to altitude were thoroughly analyzed in this mountain *** The δ13Cpvalues of plants on the eastern slopes of Yulong snow Mountain ranged from-30.4‰to-26.55‰,with a mean of-28.02‰,indicating a dominance of *** δ13Cpand iWUE values varied among different life-form plants in the order of herbs> shrubs> trees,particularly in 3600,3900,and 4300 ***δ13Cpand iWUE values for herbs and shrubs increased with altitude and were mainly controlled by air *** two parameters for trees exhibited a trend of initial decrease followed by an increase with *** 3900 m,the δ13Cpand iWUE values decreased with altitude,influenced by soil ***,above 3900 m,the two parameters increased with altitude,mainly regulated by air *** addition,iWUE was positively correlated with leaf P content but negatively correlated with leaf N:P ratio,especially for herbs and trees,suggesting that P plays a key role in modulating iWUE in this *** The diffe rentiated responses of water availability for different life-form plants to a higher altitudinal gradient are regulated by air temperature,soil moisture,and leaf P content in the Yulong snow *** results provide valuable insights into understanding the wate r-carbon relationships in high-altitude ecosystems.

关键词： Stable carbon isotope Water use efficiency Altitude Life form Yulong snow Mountain

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Quantifying Contribution of Recycled Moisture to Precipitation in Temperate Glacier Region,Southeastern Tibetan Plateau,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第4期34卷 764-776页

作者： MA Yanwei PU Tao SHI Xiaoyi MA Xinggang YU Hongmei College of Geography and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China National Field Science Observation and research station of Yulong snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Recycled moisture is an important indicator of the renewal capacity of regional water *** to the existence of Yulong snow Mountain,Lijiang in Yunnan Province,southeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China,is the closest ocean glacier area to the equator in *** precipitation samples were collected from 2017 to 2018 in Lijiang to quantify the effect of sub-cloud evaporation and recycled moisture on precipitation combined with the d-excess model during monsoon and non-monsoon *** results indicated that the d-excess values of precipitation fluctuated between–35.6‰and 16.0‰,with an arithmetic mean of 3.5‰.The local meteoric water line(LMWL)wasδD=7.91δ^(18)O+2.50,with a slope slightly lower than the global meteoric water line(GMWL).Subcloud evaporation was higher during the non-monsoon season than during the monsoon *** tended to peak in March and was primarily influenced by the relative *** source of the water vapour affected the proportion of recycled *** to the results of the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)model,the main sources of water vapour in Lijiang area during the monsoon period were the southwest and southeast *** the non-monsoon period,water vapour was transported by a southwesterly *** recycled moisture in Lijiang area between March and October 2017 was 10.62%.Large variations were observed between the monsoon and non-monsoon seasons,with values of 5.48%and 25.65%,*** differences were primarily attributed to variations in the advection of water *** recycled moisture has played a supplementary role in the precipitation of Lijiang area.

关键词： recycled moisture stable isotope precipitation d-excess Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)model southeastern Tibetan Plateau China

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Energy Budget over Seasonal snow Surface at an Open Site and Beneath Forest Canopy Openness during the snowmelt Period in Western tianshan Mountains,China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第2期12卷 298-312页

作者： LU Heng WEI Wen-shou LIU Mingzhe HAN Xi HONG Wen Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Desert Meteorology China Meteorological Administration tianshan station for snow & avalanche research

In this study, meteorological factors and snowmelt rate at an open site on sunny slope(OPS) and beneath forest canopy openness on shady slope(BFC) were measured using an automatic weather station and snow lysimeter during the snowmelt period in 2009, 2010 and 2013. The energy budget over snow surface was calculated according to these meteorological datasets. The analysis results indicated that the net shortwave radiation(K) and sensible heat flux(H) were energy sources, and the latent heat flux(LVE) was energy sinks of snow surfaces at all sites. The net longwave radiation(L) was energy sink at OPS and 80% BFC, but energy source at 20% BFC. The gain of K, H, and the loss of LVE at BFC were obviously lower than those at OPS. The L was the maximum difference of energy budget between snow surface at BFC and OPS. In warm and wet years, the most important factor of the energy budget variation at OPS was air humidity and the second mostimportant factor was air temperature. However, the ground surface temperature on the sunny slope was the most important factor for L and energy budget at BFC. With the increases in forest canopy openness and the slope of adjacent terrains, the influences of ground surface temperature on the sunny slope on L and the energy budget over snow surface at BFC increased, especially when the snow cover on the sunny slope melts completely.

关键词： Energy budget Seasonal snow snowmelt period tianshan Mountains

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A review of physicochemical properties of dissolved organic carbon and its impact over mountain glaciers

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 1-19页

作者： NIU Hewen CHEN Mengxue KANG Shichang SHUKLA Tanuj QIN Huili GAO Wanni HUANG Shihai ZHANG Fu State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences/National Field Science Observation and research station of Yulong snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Politics and International Relations Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10049China Dagu Glacier Scenic and Historic Interest Area Administration Luhua TownHeishui 615715China

Investigating the characteristics and transformation of water-soluble carbonaceous matter in the cryosphere regions is important for understanding biogeochemical process in the earth ***-soluble carbonaceous matter is a heterogeneous mixture of organic compounds that is soluble in aquatic *** its importance,we still lack systematic understanding for dissolved organic carbon(DOC)in several aspects including exact chemical composition and physical interactions with microorganisms,glacier *** review presents the chemical composition and physical properties of glacier DOC deposited through anthropogenic emission,terrestrial,and biogenic *** present the molecular composition of DOC and its effect over snow albedo and associated radiative *** indicate that DOC in snow/ice is made up of aromatic protein-like species,fulvic acid-like materials,and humic acid-like ***-absorbing impurities in surface snow and glacier ice cause considerable albedo reduction and the associated radiative forcing is definitely ***-soluble carbonaceous matter dominated the carbon transport in the high-altitude glacial *** to prevailing global warming and projected increase in carbon emission,the glacial DOC is expected to release,which will have strong underlying impacts on cryosphere *** results of this work have profound implications for better understanding the carbon cycle in high altitude cryosphere regions.A new compilation of globally distributed work is required,including large-scale measurements of glacial DOC over high-altitude cryosphere regions,to overcome and address the scientific challenges to constrain climate impacts of light-absorbing impurities related processes in Earth system and climate models.

关键词： Mountain glaciers Dissolved organic carbon Molecular composition Radiative forcing

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Observations and Modeling of Incoming Longwave Radiation to snow Beneath Forest Canopies in the West tianshan Mountains, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第5期11卷 1138-1153页

作者： LU Heng WEI Wen-shou LIU Ming-zhe HAN Xi HONG Wen Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Desert Meteorology China Meteorological Administration tianshan station for snow & avalanche research

Forest canopy reduces shortwave radiation and increases the incoming longwave radiation to snowpacks beneath forest canopies. Furthermore, the effect of forest canopy may be changed by complex topography. In this paper, we measured and simulated the incoming longwave radiation to snow beneath forest at different canopy openness in the west tianshan Mountains, China(43°16'N, 84°24'E) during spring 2013. A sensitivity study was conducted to explore the way that terrain influenced the incoming longwave radiation to snow beneath forest canopies. In the simulation model, measurement datasets, including air temperature, incoming shortwave radiation above canopy, and longwave radiation enhanced by adjacent terrain, were applied to calculate the incoming longwave radiation to snow beneath forest canopy. The simulation results were consistent with the measurements on hourly scale and daily scale. The effect of longwave radiation enhanced by terrain was important than that of shortwave radiation above forest canopy with different openness except the 20% canopy openness. The longwave radiation enhanced due to adjacent terrain increases with the slope increase and temperature rise. When air temperature(or slope) is relatively low, thelongwave radiation enhanced by adjacent terrain is not sensitive to slope(or air temperature), but the sensitivity increases with the decrease of snow cover area on sunny slope. The effect of longwave radiation is especially sensitive when the snow cover on sunny slope melts completely. The effect of incoming shortwave radiation reflected by adjacent terrain on incoming longwave radiation to snow beneath forest canopies is more slight than that of the enhanced longwave radiation.

关键词： Incoming longwave radiation snow beneath forest canopy Simulation model Complex topography Sensitivity study

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Assessment of glacier stored water in Karakoram Himalaya using satellite remote sensing and field investigation

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第4期16卷 836-849页

作者： Kamal Kant SINGH Harendra Singh NEGI Dhiraj Kumar SINGH snow and avalanche Study Establishment

Karakoram Himalaya(KH) has continental climatic conditions and possesses largest concentration of glaciers outside the polar regions. The melt water from these glaciers is a major contributor to the Indus river. In this study, various methods have been used to estimate the ice volume in the Karakoram Range of glaciers such as Coregistration of Optically Sensed Images and Correlation(COSI-Corr) method and Area-Volume relations. Landsat 8 satellite data has been used to generate the ice displacement, velocity and thickness map. Our study for 558 Karakoram glaciers revealed that the average ice thickness in Karakoram is 90 m. Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) survey has been conducted in one of the KH glacier i.e. Saser La glacier and the collected GPR data is used for the validation of satellite derived thickness map. GPR measured glacier thickness values are found comparable with satellite estimated values with RMSE of 4.3 m. The total ice volume of the Karakoram glaciers is estimated to be 1607±19 km3(1473±17 Gt), which is equivalent to 1473±17 km3 of water equivalent. Present study also covers the analysis of glacier surface displacement, velocity and ice thickness values with reference to glacier mean slope.

关键词： Glacier COSI-Corr Karakoram Range Ground Penetrating Radar GPR Volume-Area

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Metamorphism and Microstructure of Seasonal snow:Single Layer Tracking in Western tianshan,China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 496-506页

作者： HONG Wen WEI Wen-shou LIU Ming-zhe LU Heng HAN Xi ZHANG Yan-wei Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Desert Meteorology China Meteorological Administration tianshan station for snow Cover and avalanche research College of Environment and Planning Shangqiu Normal University

【Title】【Author】snowpack is a combination of several snow layers. Accordingly, snowpack natural metamorphism is composed of several stages. The aim of this study is to investigate the natural snow metamorphism at the snow layer unit. The field investigation was conducted at the tianshan station for snow Cover and avalanche research, Chinese Academy of Sciences （43°16＇ N, 84°24＇ E, and 1,776 m a.s.l.）, during the winter of 2010-2011. A complete metamorphic procedure and the corresponding microstructure of a target snow layer were tracked. The results indicate that： the ideal and complete metamorphic process and the corresponding predominant snow grain shape have 5 stages： 1） unstable kinetic metamorphism near the surface; 2） unstable kinetic metamorphism under pressure; 3） stable kinetic metamorphism; 4） equilibrium metamorphism; 5） wet snow metamorphism. snow grain size sharply decreased in the surface stage, and then changed to continuously increase. Rapid increase of grain size occurred in the stable kinetic metamorphism and wet snow metamorphism stage. The characteristic length was introduced to represent the real sizes of depth hoar crystals. The snow grain circularity ratio had a variation of “rapid increase – slow decrease – slow increase”, and the snow aggregations continuously increased with time. snow density grew stepwise and remained steady from the stable kinetic to the equilibrium metamorphism stage. The differences in metamorphism extent and stages among snow layers, led to the characteristic layered structure of snowpack.

关键词： snow metamorphism snow microstructure Tracking Seasonal snow tianshan

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