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Interface strengthening for thermal sprayed WC-10Co4Cr coating subjected to pulsed magnetic treatment

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 780-795页

作者： Cheng-Kai Qian Qu Liu Heng Wang Ke-Jian Li Zhi-Peng Cai Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China tianjin Research institute for Advanced Equipment Tsinghua UniversityTianjin300304China State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

The reliability of the coated industry components demands ideal fatigue properties of the coating,and it is mainly determined by the performance of the interfaces.In this study,pulsed magnetic treatment(PMT)was applied to the thermal sprayed WC-10Co4Cr coating,and the fatigue lifetime of the coated bolt increased by 219.82%under an imitation of the operating mode condition.Scratch tests further proved that both the adhesion and cohesion strength were improved after PMT,and they benefit from the interface strengthening effects.The formation of coherent WC/Co interfaces was characterized by in-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and the molecular dynamic simulations indicate that the work of separation of these interfaces is much higher than the original disordered ones.Residual stress was relaxed and distributed more homogeneously after PMT,and it mainly contributes to the coating/substrate strengthening.This work provides a new post-treatment method focusing on the interfaces in the WC-based coating and gives insight into its mechanism so that it is hopeful to be applied to other kinds of coatings.

关键词： Cemented carbide coating Pulsed magnetic treatment Interface strengthening Fatigue properties Adhesion strength

Optimization of Hydrocracking Process for Enhanced BTX Production from Coal Tar-Derived Hydrorefined Products

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 139-151页

作者： Wu Hao Wei Hongyuan School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China SINOPEC Research institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China

Hydroconversion of coal tar to produce aromatic hydrocarbons(BTX)represents a crucial strategy for the highvalue hierarchical utilization of coal.This study focused on the hydrocracking of hydrorefined products derived from coal tar to enhance the production of benzene,toluene,and xylene(BTX).Various reaction conditions,including reaction temperature,hydrogen pressure,space velocity,and hydrogen-to-oil volume ratio,were systematically explored to optimize BTX yields while also considering the process’s economic feasibility.The results indicate that increasing the reaction temperature from 360℃ to 390℃ significantly favors the production of BTX,with yields increasing from 21.42%to 41.14%.Similarly,an increase in hydrogen pressure from 4 MPa to 6 MPa boosts BTX production,with yields rising from 36.31%to 41.14%.Reducing the space velocity from 2 h^(-1) to 0.5 h^(-1) also favors the BTX production process,with yields increasing from 37.96%to 45.13%.Furthermore,raising the hydrogen-to-oil volume ratio from 750 to 1500 improves BTX yields from 41.61%to 45.44%.Through economic analysis,the optimal conditions for BTX production were identified as a reaction temperature of 390℃,hydrogen pressure of 5-6 MPa,space velocity of 1 h^(-1),and hydrogen-to-oil volume ratio of 1000,achieving a BTX yield of 43.73%.This investigation highlights the importance of a holistic evaluation of hydrocracking conditions to optimize BTX production.Furthermore,the findings offer valuable insights for the design and operation of industrial hydrocracking processes aimed at efficiently converting coal tar-derived hydrorefined feedstock into BTX.

关键词： coal tar hydrocracking BTX process optimization economic assessment

Commercial genetically modified corn and soybean are poised following pilot planting in China

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 519-521页

作者： Mei Sun Suzhen Li Wenzhu Yang Bowen Zhao Youhua Wang Xiaoqing Liu biotechnology Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural ScienceBeijing 100081China Farmers'Daily Beijing 100025China

"Who will feed China?"This was a question raised by Lester Brown,the director of the World Watch institute in the United States,in 1994.He predicted that China's grain production would decrease from 340 million tons in 1990 to 272 million tons by 2030,a 20%decrease,while China's population would reach 1.6 billion(Brown,1995).If the dietary structure was not improved,China would need to import 200-369 million tons of grain,equivalent to the global grain trade at the time.He projected the high possibility of a food crisis in China,which might further trigger a global food crisis.However,with the joint efforts of national agricultural researchers,represented by Yuan Longping,and the Chinese government,China's grain production has achieved 18 consecutive increases from 2004 to 2021.In 2022,grain production in China reached 633 million tons(NBS and Statistics,2022),while the population remained stable at 1.4 billion.As a result,China has achieved complete self-sufficiency in its staple food supply and has demonstrated to the international community through practical actions that the Chinese people can feed themselves.

关键词： planting soybean raised

Surface Modification Aspects for Improving Biomedical Properties in Implants:A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 213-241页

作者： J.Sharath Kumar Rakesh Kumar Rajeev Verma industrial and Production Department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandharPunjab144008India

The primary focus during surgery is to ensure successful implantation by achieving long-term and stable fixation of implants.Orthopaedic surgery is now more focused on the development of novel biomaterials intended to improve implant performance.To obtain a better understanding of metal implants,this article investigated the causes of material failures in certain cases and analysed a few case studies.The interaction between the implant and bone tissue was a crucial aspect of successful implantation,and this study explored the factors influencing this interaction as well as ways to improve it.Several modern approaches used for modifying implant surfaces were systematically illustrated and briefly analysed.Thermal spray coatings were often favoured because of their wide range of coating materials,but other substantial surface modifications(such as friction stir processing and laser surface texturing)were also used for a selection of applications.Notably,implant surfaces with desirable features,such as biocompatibility,antibacterial properties,corrosion resistance,and wear resistance,were essential for optimising implant functionality.This systematic review's main aim is to provide exhaustive reference information and a broad overview to advance the production and design of orthopaedic implants.

关键词： Biomaterials Surface treatments Thermal spray coatings Antibacterial Biocompatibility Corrosion resistance Wear resistance

Microalgal bioinoculants for sustainable agriculture and their interactions with soil biotic and abiotic components:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 297-314页

作者： Shisy JOSE Nirmal RENUKA Sachitra Kumar RATHA Sheena KUMARI Faizal BUX institute for Water and Wastewater Technology Durban University of TechnologyP.O.Box 1334Durban 4000South Africa Algal biotechnology Laboratory Department of BotanyCentral University of PunjabBathinda 151401India Phycology Laboratory Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknowUttar Pradesh 226001India

Modern agricultural practices have posed a detrimental impact on the environment due to their intensive use to meet the food demands of an ever-increasing population.In this context,microalgal bioinoculants,specifically cyanobacteria and green microalgae,have emerged as sustainable options for agricultural practices to improve soil organic carbon,nutrient availability,microbial quality,and plant productivity.An overview of current and future perspectives on the use of microalgal bioinoculants in agriculture practices is presented in this review,along with a discussion of their interactions with soil biotic and abiotic factors that affect soil fertility,plant health,and crop productivity.The benefits of microalgal bioinoculants include releasing agronomically important metabolites(exopolymers and phytohormones)as well as solubilizing soil nutrients.Furthermore,they function as biocontrol agents against soil-borne pathogens and facilitate the establishment of rhizosphere communities of agricultural importance.So far,very few studies have explored the basic mechanisms by which microalgal bioinoculants interact with soil biotic and abiotic factors.In recent years,advanced molecular techniques have contributed to a better understanding of these interactions.

关键词： biocontrol agent biofertilizer cyanobacteria microalgae microbial community molecular technique plant growth soil fertility

Oxygen is an essential gasotransmitter directly sensed via protein gasoreceptors

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期7卷 189-193页

作者： Savani Anbalagan Faculty of Biology Institute of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznańPoland

The current restrictive criteria for gasotransmitters exclude oxygen(O_(2))as a gasotransmitter in vertebrates.In this manuscript,I propose a revision of gasotransmitter criteria to include O_(2) per se as a signaling molecule and'essential gasotransmitter'for vertebrates.This revision would enable us to search for protein-based O_(2)-binding sensors(gasoreceptors)in all cells in the brain or other tissues rather than specialized tissues such as the carotid body or gills.If microorganisms have protein-based O_(2)-binding sensors or gasoreceptors such as DosP or FixL or FNR with diverse signaling domains,then eukaryotic cells must also have O_(2)-binding sensors or gasoreceptors.Just as there are proteinbased receptor(s)for nitric oxide(GUCY1A,GUCY1B,CLOCK,NR1D2)in cells of diverse tissues,it is reasonable to consider that there are protein-based receptors for O_(2) in cells of diverse tissues as well.In mammals,O_(2) must be acting as a gasotransmitter or gaseous signaling molecule via protein-based gasoreceptors such as androglobin that very likely mediate acute sensing of O_(2).Accepting O_(2) as an essential gasotransmitter will enable us to search for gasoreceptors not only for O_(2) but also for other nonessential gasotransmitters such as hydrogen sulfide,ammonia,methane,and ethylene.It will also allow us to investigate the role of environment-derived metal ions in acute gas(or solute)sensing within and between organisms.Finally,accepting O_(2) per se as a signaling molecule acting via gasoreceptors will open up the field of gasocrinology.

关键词： essential gasotransmitter gasocrine gasoreceptor gasocrinology

Carbonic anhydrase-like enzymes in the formation of Lycopodium alkaloid

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第3期22卷 193-194页

作者： DONG Huiwen GE Huiming State key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical biotechnology Institute of Functional BiomoleculesSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Plant alkaloids,renowned for their structural diversity and bioactivity,are prominent in both modern and traditional medicine[1].Unraveling the intricacies of plant alkaloid biosynthesis could pave the way for the discovery of new natural products and pathways.It may also shed light on the roles of existing pathways in host biology and provide valuable tools for metabolic engineering in plants and microbes[2].Unlike other major classes of plant natural products,such as terpenoids and polyketides,the formation of alkaloid scaffolds does not conform to a uniform chemical theme or depend on a singular enzyme class[3].A case in point is the Lycopodium alkaloids in the Lycopodiaceae family,where the enzymes responsible for their core scaffold construction remain unidentified[4].

关键词： Lycopodium alkaloid Carbonic anhydrase-like enzymes Biosynthesis

Reorganization of 3D genome architecture provides insights into pathogenesis of early fatty liver disease in laying hens

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1086-1100页

作者： Yanli Liu Zhuqing Zheng Chaohui Wang Yumeng Wang Xi Sun Zhouzheng Ren Xin Yang Xiaojun Yang College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China institute of Agricultural biotechnology Jingchu University of TechnologyJingmen 448000China

Background Fatty liver disease causes huge economic losses in the poultry industry due to its high occurrence and lethality rate.Three-dimensional(3D)chromatin architecture takes part in disease processing by regulating tran-scriptional reprogramming.The study is carried out to investigate the alterations of hepatic 3D genome and H3K27ac profiling in early fatty liver(FLS)and reveal their effect on hepatic transcriptional reprogramming in laying hens.Results Results show that FLS model is constructed with obvious phenotypes including hepatic visible lipid deposi-tion as well as higher total triglyceride and cholesterol in serum.A/B compartment switching,topologically associat-ing domain(TAD)and chromatin loop changes are identified by high-throughput/resolution chromosome conforma-tion capture(HiC)technology.Targeted genes of these alternations in hepatic 3D genome organization significantly enrich pathways related to lipid metabolism and hepatic damage.H3K27ac differential peaks and differential expres-sion genes(DEGs)identified through RNA-seq analysis are also enriched in these pathways.Notably,certain DEGs are found to correspond with changes in 3D chromatin structure and H3K27ac binding in their promoters.DNA motif analysis reveals that candidate transcription factors are implicated in regulating transcriptional reprogram-ming.Furthermore,disturbed folate metabolism is observed,as evidenced by lower folate levels and altered enzyme expression.Conclusion Our findings establish a link between transcriptional reprogramming changes and 3D chromatin struc-ture variations during early FLS formation,which provides candidate transcription factors and folate as targets for FLS prevention or treatment.

关键词： 3D chromatin architecture Fatty liver disease Folate H3K27ac profiling Transcription reprogramming

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Design and synthesis of polyoxovanadate-based framework for efficient dye degradation

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 447-453页

作者： Qing Lan Su-Juan Jin Zheng Wang Xu-Yang Li Yan Xiong Zhuo-Cheng Wang Shan-Shan Liu Zhi-Ming Zhang Qiang Zhao Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyang 473061China institute of New Energy Materials&Low Carbon Technology Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

A new polyoxovanadate-based framework material[Cu(en)_(2)]_(4)V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)·6H_(2)O(1)was designed and synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of NaVO_(3),Cu(NO_(3))_(2)·6H_(2)O and 1,2-diaminoethane(en)via carefully adjusting the pH value of the reaction system.The structure of the title compound has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diff raction analysis,thermogravimetric analysis,infrared spectra and elemental analysis.Detail structural analysis demonstrate the three-dimensional(3D)framework structure of compound 1,which was composed of the[V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)]_(8)−({V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)})anions linked by the Cu^(2+)cations.Compound 1 represents the fi rst 3D framework based on{V_(18)O_(42)(H_(2)O)}polyoxoanions and copper complexes.Solar-driven degradation of residual organic pollutants in industrial wastewater is still a major problem for human beings.Photocatalytic experiments reveal that compound 1 possesses of excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B.

关键词： Polyoxovanadate Framework Polyoxovanadate-based framework Photocatalytic Organic pollutants