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Exploring hidden-charm and hidden-strange hexaquark states from lattice QCD

Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第1期67卷 30-37页

作者： Hang Liu Jinchen He Liuming Liu Peng Sun Wei Wang Yi-Bo Yang Qi-An Zhang INPAC Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology(MOE)Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologySchool of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Maryland Center for Fundamental physics Department of PhysicsUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Institute of Modern physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of physics and Institute of theoretical physics Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory(SCNT) Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHuizhou 516000China CAS Key Laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Fundamental physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 310024China International Centre for theoretical physics Asia-Pacific Beijing 100049/Hangzhou 310024China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China

Based on five different ensembles of newly generated(2+1)-flavor configurations with pion mass of approximately mπ■(140-310)MeV,we present a lattice analysis of hidden-charm and hidden-strange hexaquarks with the quark content■.The correlation matrices of two types of operators with JPC=0++,0-+,1++and 1--are simulated to extract the masses of the hexaquark candidates,which are subsequently extrapolated to the physical pion mass and continuum limit.The results indicate that ground state masses are below the■threshold and provide a characteristic signal for the experimental discovery of hexaquark candidates,which may enrich the versatile structure of multiquarks;moreover,it is an indispensable step to decipher the nonperturbative nature of the fundamental interactions of quarks and gluons.

关键词： quantum chromodynamics lattice QCD multiquark states

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Primordial black hole mass functions as a probe of cosmic origin

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 164-171页

作者： Yi-Fu Cai Chengfeng Tang Geyu Mo Sheng-Feng Yan Chao Chen Xiao-Han Ma Bo Wang Wentao Luo Damien A.Easson Antonino Marcianò Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory for researches in Galaxies and cosmology/Department of Astronomy School of Astronomy and Space ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(INFN) Sezione di MilanoMilano 20146Italy DiSAT Universitàdegli Studi dell'InsubriaComo 22100Italy Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of physics Arizona State UniversityTempe 85287-1504USA Department of physics&Center for Field Theory and particle physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Via Enrico Fermi 541 Frascati(Roma)00044Italy INFN sezione Roma Tor Vergata Rome I-00133Italy School of physics University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu11731China

We discuss a novel window to probe the origin of our universe via the mass functions of primordial black holes(PBHs).The mass functions of PBHs are simply estimated using the conventional Press-Schechter formalism for two paradigms of cosmic origin,including inflationaryΛCDM and bounce cosmology.The standard inflationaryΛCDM model cannot generate an appreciable number of massive PBHs;however,non-trivial inflation models with blue-tilted power spectra at small scales and matter bounce cosmology provide formation mechanisms for heavy PBHs,which in turn,may seed the observed supermassive black holes(SMBHs).By fitting the SMBH mass functions at high redshift(z~6)derived from Sloan Digital Sky Survey(SDSS)and Canada-France High-z Quasar Survey(CFHQS)quasars,for two paradigms of cosmic origin,we derive constraints on the PBH density fraction fPBHat z~6 and the characteristic mass M_(★),with the prior assumption that all SMBHs stem from PBHs.We demonstrate that this newly proposed procedure,relying on astronomical measurements that utilize deep-field surveys of SMBHs at high redshift,can be used to constrain models of cosmic origin.Additionally,although not the main focus of this paper,we evolve the mass function from z~6 to z~0 through an assumption of 3×10^(8)-year Eddington’s accretion,and give a rough estimation of fPBHat z~0.

关键词： origin cosmic massive

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Embedded Majorana islands

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： Jin-Xing Hou Alex Weststr?m Rui Wang Wen-Li Yang Jian Li Institute of Modern physics Northwest University Department of physics School of Science Westlake University Shaanxi Key Laboratory for theoretical physics Frontiers Institute of Natural Sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced Study National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of physics Nanjing University Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Microstructures Peng Huanwu Center for Fundamental Theory

Mesoscopic superconducting islands hosting Majorana zero modes(MZMs), or Majorana islands in short, offer a prototype of topological qubits. In this work we investigate theoretically the model of a generic Majorana island tunneling-coupled to a singlepiece metallic substrate, hence an embedded Majorana island. We show the crucial consequences of an interplay between the topological ground states nonlocally addressed by the MZMs and the metallic bath with coherent electron propagation: on the one hand, the topological degeneracy on the Majorana island can be preserved, by virtue of the particle-hole symmetry, despite the apparent bath-induced coupling between MZMs; on the other hand, the electronic interference in the metallic bath may lead to profound alterations to the renormalization group behavior of the hybrid system towards low energy/temperature compared with conventional Kondo physics. This work serves to establish the model of embedded Majorana islands as an experimentally relevant and theoretically intriguing problem particularly in the direction of topological quantum computation.

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Discussion of thermodynamic features within the PNJL model

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Chinese physics C 2018年第12期42卷 32-43页

作者：张金利李程明宗红石 Department of physics Nanjing University Joint Center for particle Nuclear Physics and Cosmology State Key Laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical Physics CAS

We discuss some thermodynamical features of a QCD system within the two-flavor Polyakov loop ex- tended Nambu Jona-Lasinio （PNJL） model. Several thermodynamical quantities of interest （pressure, energy density, specific heat, speed of sound, etc.） are investigated and discussed in detail with two different forms of Polyakov loop potential. The effective coupling strength G incorporating a quark feedback （quark condensate） through operator product expansion is also discussed, as well as the relationship between color deconfinement and chiral phase crossover. We find that some thermodynamical quantities have quite different behavior for different Polyakov loop potentials. By changing the characteristic temperature To of the pure Yang-Mills feld, we find that when To becomes small, color deconfinement might happen earlier than chiral phase crossover, while their relationship can be determined via some thermodynamical quantities. Furthermore, the behavior of the thermodynamical quantities is quite different in the two different forms of Polyakov loop potential studied. Especially, one of the potentials, specific heat, has two peaks, which correspond to color deconfinement and chiral phase crossover respectively. This interesting phenomenon may shed some light on whether the inflection points at the same temperature or not for lattice QCD and of the chiral condensate and deconfinement transitions happen experimental studies.

关键词： deconfinement specific heat transition temperature

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Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking in NJL Model with a strong background magnetic field and Lorentz-violating extension of the Standard Model

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Chinese physics C 2017年第6期41卷 56-62页

作者：罗翠柏石嵩夏永辉宗红石 Department of physics Nanjing University Joint Center for particle Nuclear Physics and Cosmology State Key Laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

The Eigenstate Method has been developed to deduce the fermion propagator with a constant external magnetic field. In general, we find its result is equivalent to other methods and this new method is more convenient,especially when one evaluates the contribution from the infinitesimal imaginary term of the fermion propagator. Using the Eigenstate Method we try to discuss whether the infinitesimal imaginary frequency of the fermion propagator in a strong magnetic field and Lorentz-violating extension of the minimal SU（3）×SU（2）×SU（1） Standard Model could have a significant influence on the dynamical mass. When the imaginary term of the fermion propagator in this model is not trivial（√（α-1）eB/3）〈 σ 〈（√（α-1）2eB/3）, this model gives a correction to the dynamical mass.When one does not consider the influence from the imaginary term（σ 〉√（α-1）2eB/3）, there is another correction from the conventional term. Under both circumstances, chiral symmetry is broken.

关键词： NJL strong magnetic field eigenstate method chiral symmetry breaking Lorentz-violation

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Influence of thermalization on the initial condition for heavy ion collisions

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2014年第11期57卷 2060-2069页

作者： ZHAO AMeng SUN WeiMin ZONG HongShi Department of physics Nanjing University Joint Center for particle Nuclear Physics and Cosmology State Key Laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

In this paper,we discuss the important role of the thermalization process in the initial distribution of QGP.We find that the negligible heat conduction inside QGP can be expressed as an effective Fourier law and we further analyse qualitatively the results caused by a thermalized initial condition.Based on this arguments,we construct a simple phenomenological model and work with the hydro code,and then we compare our results with the experimental data and the results of the standard initial model.It is found that,as we have argued,a thermalized initial condition suppresses the value of the elliptic flow.

关键词：热化过程重离子碰撞条件影响傅立叶定律唯象模型初始模型实验数据 QGP

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Calculation of dissociation temperature of quarkonium using Gaussian Expansion Method

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Chinese physics C 2018年第8期42卷 45-51页

作者：孟琦吴迁程鹏平加伦宗红石 Department of physics Nanjing University Department of physics Nanjing Normal University Joint Center for particle Nuclear Physics and Cosmology State Key Laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsCAS

The dissociation temperatures of quarkonium states in a thermal medium are obtained in the framework of the quark model with the help of the Gaussian Expansion Method（GEM）.This is the first time this method has been applied to the dissociation problem of mesons.The temperature-dependent potential is obtained by fitting the lattice results.Solving the Schr¨odinger equation with the GEM,the binding energies and corresponding wave functions of the ground states and the excited states are obtained at the same time.The accuracy and efficiency of the GEM provide a great advantage for the dissociation problem of mesons.The results show that the ground states1^1S（0 ）and 1^3S（1 ）have much higher dissociation temperatures than other states,and the spin-dependent interaction has a significant effect on the dissociation temperatures of 1^3S（1 ）and 1^1S0.We also suggest using the radius of the bound state as a criterion of quarkonium dissociation.This can help to avoid the inaccuracy caused by the long tail of quarkonium binding energy dependence on temperature.

关键词： dissociation temperature quarkonium gaussian expansion method

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Quadratic Yukawa coupling and matrix Yukawa coupling in the large N expansion

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第5期59卷 484-491页

作者： Song Shi Wei-Min Sun Hong-Shi Zong Department of physics Nanjing University State Key Laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Science Joint Center for particle Nuclear Physics and Cosmology

In this article,we study three types of new Yukawa couplings(the boson field is coupled to the fermion field).Two of them are quadratic Yukawa couplings(the boson field is in the form of a vector),and the other one is the matrix Yukawa coupling(the boson field is in the form of a matrix).Based on the above three couplings,we introduce the Higgs mechanism,and find out the properties of the generated mass for the fermions with multiple flavors.For the matrix boson,we introduce its coupling with non-Abelian gauge field.It turns out that the generated mass of the gauge field through the Higgs mechanism is unique.In the large N limit,using the method of auxiliary field,we study the dynamical behaviors of the quadratic Yukawa couplings,including the poles of some dressed propagators.

关键词：场耦合矩阵希格斯机制玻色子场费米子场动力学行为联轴器规范场

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Density-dependent potential for multi-neutron halo nuclei

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Chinese physics C 2009年第8期33卷 639-644页

作者：陈双褚衍运任中洲 Department of physics Nanjing University Joint Center for particle Nuclear Physics and Cosmology Center of theoretical Nuclear physics National Laboratory of Heavy-Ion Accelerator at Lanzhou

We apply a simple density-dependent potential model to the three-body calculation of the groundstate structure of drip-line nuclei with a weakly bound core. The hyperspherical harmonics method is used to solve the Faddeev equations. There are no undetermined potential parameters in this calculation. We find that for the halo nuclei with a weakly-bound core, the calculated properties of the ground-state structure are in better agreement with experimental data than the results calculated from the standard Woods-Saxon and Gauss type potentials. We also successfully reproduce the experimental cross sections by using the density calculated from this method. This may be explained by the fact that the simple Fermi or Gaussian function can not exactly describe the density distribution of the drip-line nuclei.

关键词： density-dependent three-body model halo nuclei

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Can X(5568) be a tetraquark state?

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Chinese physics C 2016年第9期40卷 15-19页

作者：王伟朱瑞林 INPAC Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology Department of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Very recently, the D0 collaboration has reported the observation of a narrow structure, X（5568）, in the decay process X（5568）→ Bs^0π^±using the 10.4fb^-1 data of pp collision at √s= 1.96 TeV. This structure is of great interest since it is the first hadronic state with four different valence quark flavors, b, s, u, d. In this work,we investigate tetraquarks with four different quark flavors. Based on the diquark-antidiquark scheme, we study the spectroscopy of the tetraquarks with one heavy bottom/charm quark and three light quarks. We find that the lowest-lying S-wave state, a tetraquark with the flavor [su][bd] and the spin-parity J^P= 0^＋, is about 150 MeV higher than the X（5568）. Further detailed experimental and theoretical studies of the spectrum, production and decays of tetraquark states with four different flavors are vital to gain a better understanding of the nature and classification of hadron exotic states.

关键词： exotic state diquark tetraquark

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