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二尖瓣狭窄及窦性节律的孕妇左心房血栓形成

世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第12期1卷 14-14页

作者： Hameed A. Akhter M.W. Bitar F. U. Elkayam 朱晓明 Department of Cardiology University of Southern California 1200 North State St Los Angeles CA 90033 United States Dr

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe pregnant patients with mitral stenosis who had intracardiac thrombosis in the absence of atrial fibrillation. Study design: We reviewed the clinical course of 3 pregnant women with severe mitral stenosis and normal sinus rhythm who had clinically significant intracardiac thrombosis. Results: The first patient was examined at 21 weeks of gestation with embolic stroke that was the result of left atrial thrombus. A second patient was found to have a large left atrial thrombus that prevented the performance of balloon valvuloplasty. The third patient had left atrial clot that partially occluded the mitral valve orifice and led to the development of pulmonary edema that resulted in an emergent cesarean delivery and anoxic brain injury in the newborn infant. Conclusion: Pregnant patients with mitral stenosis in normal sinus rhythm can experience thromboembolic events that can be detrimental to both the mother and the fetus. Anticoagulation therefore should be strongly considered in this group.

关键词：二尖瓣狭窄左心房血栓窦性节律紧急剖宫产心房颤动血栓栓子临床过程二尖瓣口瓣膜成形术血栓形成

3例曾接受米托蒽醌治疗的多发性硬化症患者的严重迟发性心力衰竭

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第2期 33-33页

作者： Goffette S. Van Pesch V. Vanoverschelde J.L. 袁海峰 Service de Neurologie Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc UCL 10 Avenue Hippocrate 1200 Brussels Belgium.Dr

Mitoxantrone is an approved drug for patients with worsening relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive and progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). From a cohort of 820 MS patients, 52 (6%) were treated with this drug between December 1991 and April 2003. Mitoxantrone was administered at a dose of 12 mg/m2 once a month for three months and then at three-month intervals to reach a total cumulative dose of 144 mg/m2. The left ventricular ejection fraction was checke d by radionuclide ventriculography prior to treatment and every six months. Trea tment was stopped if the ejection fraction was below 50%in two consecutive vent riculographies performed one to three months apart. Cardiotoxicity during the co urse of the treatment was not observed. However, three patients developed conges tive heart failure 24, 39 and 80 months after the last dose of mitoxantrone. Oth er cardiac causes were excluded. Two of these patients had been treated previous ly with cyclophosphamide. All patients first recovered on medical treatment, but two worsened a few months later. One patient remained severely symptomatic in s pite of optimal medical treatment. Although mitoxantrone is generally well toler ated and reduces progression of disability and clinical exacerbations, our obser vation of a delayed cardiotoxicity makes necessary a long-term follow-up of MS patients treated with this drug.

关键词：多发性硬化症米托蒽醌治疗后患者

知证卫生决策工具之十--评价系统评价结果时应考虑公平性

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中国循证医学杂志 2010年第4期10卷 405-411页

作者： Andrew D Oxman John N Lavis Simon Lewin Atle Fretheim 李幼平王莉李媛媛蒋兰慧蔡羽嘉 Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services P.O. Box 7004St. Olavs plassN-0130 OsloNorway Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatisticsand Department of Political ScienceMcMaster University1200 Main St. WestHSC-2D3HamiltonONCanadaL8N 3Z5 Health Systems Research Unit Medical Research Council of South Africa Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services P.O. Box 7004St. Olavs plassN-0130 Oslo Norway Section for International Health Institute of General Practice and Community MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloNorway

本文我们主要讨论公平性问题。不公平可以定义为"不必要且可避免的、不公平、不公正的健康差异"。公平性和不公平与社会和经济因素间的关系已有成熟研究。有效的政策或项目能提高人群总体健康水平。但这些政策及项目对公平性的影响不一... 详细信息

本文我们主要讨论公平性问题。不公平可以定义为"不必要且可避免的、不公平、不公正的健康差异"。公平性和不公平与社会和经济因素间的关系已有成熟研究。有效的政策或项目能提高人群总体健康水平。但这些政策及项目对公平性的影响不一:它们可能并不影响公平性问题,也可能减轻或加剧不公平性问题(不论对人群健康的总体影响如何)。当应用研究证据分析政策或项目方案对弱势群体及特定环境下公平性问题的潜在影响时,本文建议考虑以下4个问题:①对于正在斟酌的方案,哪些可能是弱势群体或不利环境?②针对弱势群体或不利环境的方案,对其相对效果的预期差异是否有合理解释?③是否不同群体或环境的基线情况有差异,以至方案在弱势群体或不利环境的绝对效果有差异,或主要问题的重要性不同。④是否对实施方案时应注意的问题做了深入思考,以确保减轻(如果可能)或至少不加剧不公平性问题。

关键词：公平性问题评价系统卫生决策弱势群体应考工具健康水平人群健康

Pictures of focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenomas

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第8期6卷 580-595页

作者： Christine Sempoux Charles Balabaud Paulette Bioulac-Sage Service d’Anatomie Pathologique Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc Université catholique de Louvain 1200 Brussels Belgium Inserm U 1053 Université Bordeaux Segalen33076 Bordeaux cedex France Inserm U 1053 Université Bordeaux Segalen 33076 Bordeaux cedex France

This practical atlas aims to help liver and non liver pa-thologists to recognize benign hepatocellular nodules on resected specimen. Macroscopic and microscopic views together with immunohistochemical stains illustrate typical and atypical aspects of focal nodular hyperplasia and of hepatocellular adenoma, including hepatocel-lular adenomas subtypes with references to clinical and imaging data. Each step is important to make a correct diagnosis. The specimen including the nodule and the non-tumoral liver should be sliced, photographed and all different looking areas adequately sampled for par-affin inclusion. Routine histology includes HE, trichrome and cytokeratin 7. Immunohistochemistry includes glu-tamine synthase and according to the above results ad-ditional markers such as liver fatty acid binding protein, C reactive protein and beta catenin may be realized to differentiate focal nodular hyperplasia from hepatocel-lular adenoma subtypes. Clues for differential diagnosis and pitfalls are explained and illustrated.

关键词： Focal nodular hyperplasia Hepatocellular adenoma Inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma Beta catenin Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha

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知证卫生决策工具之一--什么是知证决策

中国循证医学杂志 2010年第3期10卷 240-246页

作者： Andrew D Oxman John N Lavis Simon Lewin Atle Fretheim 李媛媛蒋兰慧王莉李幼平 Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services P.O. Box 7004 St. Olavs plass N-0130 Oslo Norway Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Political Science McMaster University 1200 Main St. West HSC-2D Hamilton ON Canada L8N 3Z5 3Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services P.O. Box 7004 St. Olavs plass N-0130 Oslo Norway Health Systems Research Unit Medical Research Council of South Africa Section for International Health Institute of General Practice and Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Norway

本文讨论以下3个问题:①什么是证据?②研究证据在知证卫生决策中有何作用?③什么是知证决策?知证卫生决策是一种决策方法,旨在保证基于最佳可及的研究证据做出决策。知证决策的特点是将系统、透明地获取和评价证据的方法引入决策全过程... 详细信息

本文讨论以下3个问题:①什么是证据?②研究证据在知证卫生决策中有何作用?③什么是知证决策?知证卫生决策是一种决策方法,旨在保证基于最佳可及的研究证据做出决策。知证决策的特点是将系统、透明地获取和评价证据的方法引入决策全过程。虽不要求制定政策的整个过程系统和透明,但在制定政策的全过程,采用系统的步骤可以确保合理地查找、评价和使用相关研究。过程透明化旨在确保他人可以检查什么样的研究证据被用于支持决策并评价证据及其意义。知证决策帮助政策制定者了解这些过程。

关键词：卫生决策评价证据工具系统透明

Room-temperature growth of carbon nanofibers induced by Ar+-ion bombardment

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Room-temperature growth of carbon nanofibers induced by Ar+-...

德克萨斯州青少年生殖保健服务缺乏保密引起的健康后果而增加的经济成本

Ⅻ International Symposium on Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters

作者： Masaki Tanemura T.Okita H.Yamauchi S.Tanemura R.Morishima Department of Environmental Technology Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso-cho Showa-kuNagoya 466-8555Japan Department of Environmental Technology Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso-cho Showa-kuNagoya 466-8555Japan Department of Environmental Technology Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso-cho Showa-kuNagoya 466-8555Japan Department of Environmental Technology Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso-cho Showa-kuNagoya 466-8555Japan Toyota Motor Corporation Higashifuji Technical Center 1200 Mishuku SusonoShizuoka 410-1193Japan

＜正＞ The synthesis of low-dimensional materials, such as carbon nanotubes （CNTs） and carbon nanofibers （CNFs）, is one of the current topics in materials science and microelectronics technology. The ion bombardment of solid surfaces sometimes entails the formation of nano- to micro-sized surface structures, taking such forms as ripples, pyramids, conical protrusions and whiskers, depending on the sputtering parameters. Thus, ion bombardment

关键词： carbon nanofiber sputtering seed cone nano-structure.

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第6期1卷 24-24页

作者： Franzini L. Marks E. Cromwell P. F. 郭战宏 Univ. of Texas Sch. of Public Health 1200 Herman Pressler Houston TX 77030 United States Dr.

Background: We wanted to focus on the potential consequences of recently enacted legislation in Texas that limits adolescents’ability to obtain confidential reproductive health care services. Objective: To assess the potential economic costs that result when adolescents do not seek reproductive health care services because their confidentiality is compromised. Design: We developed a cost model to estimate the projected costs of parental consent and law enforcement reporting requirements based on data from the literature, the Texas Department of Health, and publicly funded family planning clinics in Texas. Univariate and multivariate sensitivity analyses explored different scenarios. Setting: The state of Texas. Participants: Projected costs were estimated for all girls younger than 18 years using publicly funded reproductive health care services in Texas. Main Outcome Measures: We determined the projected number of additional pregnancies, births, abortions, and untreated sexually transmitted infections and resulting pelvic inflammatory disease and calculated the associated economic costs of these projected outcomes. Results: The potential costs of parental consent and law enforcement reporting requirements in Texas were estimated at ＄43.6 million (range, ＄11.8 million to ＄56.6 million) for girls younger than 18 years currently using publicly funded services. Conclusions: As policymakers throughout the United States search for ways to curtail adolescent sexual activity and its adverse consequences, this analysis suggests that the limiting of medical confidentiality and the resulting restricted use of reproductive health care services potentially have serious health and economic consequences.

关键词：生殖保健服务德克萨斯州意外妊娠敏感分析盆腔炎症性疾病法律强制性传播疾病性活动

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南非烤烟栽培品种的选育

中国烟草学报 2005年第6期11卷 26-26页

作者： SCHOLTZA．徐秋萍（译）南非．Lowveld烟草种植者协会 P．O．Box1158Nelspruit1200南非

南非烤烟种植在四个区域，从较快生长的多雨地区到成熟晚的高热和少雨地区。所有烤烟种植区都可进行灌溉。生长较快地区的主要病害是黑胫病、烟草青枯病、alternaria、马铃薯Y病毒，而根结线虫病和角斑病是较慢成熟地区的主要病害。

关键词：烤烟种植栽培品种南非选育马铃薯Y病毒烟草青枯病根结线虫病多雨地区种植区黑胫病

知证卫生决策工具之十一--查找和使用当地证据

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中国循证医学杂志 2010年第4期10卷 412-421页

作者： Simon Lewin Andrew D Oxman John N Lavis Atle Fretheim Sebastian Garcia Marti Susan Munabi-Babigumira 李幼平王莉成岚蒋兰慧蔡羽嘉 Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services P.O. Box 7004St. Olavs plassN-0130 OsloNorway Health Systems Research Unit Medical Research Council of South Africa Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department of Political Science McMaster University1200 Main St. WestHSC-2D3HamiltonONCanadaL8N 3Z5 Section for International Health Institute of General Practice and Community MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloNorway Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy Viamonte 21463rd floorC1056ABHBuenos AiresArgentina

当地证据是指来源于卫生政策或卫生项目所涉及的特定环境的证据。需要这类证据与其它形式的证据共同支持方案决择。全球证据是判断政策效果及其影响因素和深入了解问题解决办法的最佳出发点。而当地证据大多数是在判断应采纳哪些决定及... 详细信息

当地证据是指来源于卫生政策或卫生项目所涉及的特定环境的证据。需要这类证据与其它形式的证据共同支持方案决择。全球证据是判断政策效果及其影响因素和深入了解问题解决办法的最佳出发点。而当地证据大多数是在判断应采纳哪些决定及采取哪些措施时使用。本文提出以下5个问题供政策制定者在识别和评价当地证据进行知证决策时参考:①知证决策需要什么样的当地证据?②如何获得必需的当地证据?③如何评价现有当地证据的质量?④当地证据的可获得性、质量或结果是否有重要变化?⑤如何整合当地证据与其他信息?

关键词：证据卫生决策工具卫生项目卫生政策影响因素可获得性质量