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Interconnections between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy:diagnostic and therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2169-2180页

作者： Mingyi Yu Faith Teo En Ning Chang Liu Yu-Chi Liu Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Cornea and External eye Disease Singapore National Eye CenterSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes *** corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal *** retinopathy has traditionally been considered as damage to the retinal ***,growing evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy is a complex neurovascular disorder resulting from dysfunction of the neurovascular unit,which includes both the retinal vascular structures and neural *** retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness and is frequently screened for as part of diabetic ocular ***,diabetic corneal neuropathy is commonly overlooked and underdiagnosed,leading to severe ocular surface *** studies have found that these two conditions tend to occur together,and they share similarities in their pathogenesis pathways,being triggered by a status of chronic *** review aims to discuss the interconnection between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy,whether diabetic corneal neuropathy precedes diabetic retinopathy,as well as the relation between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and the severity of corneal *** also endeavor to explore the relevance of a corneal screening in diabetic eyes and the possibility of using corneal nerve measurements to monitor the progression of diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： cornea corneal nerves diabetes diabetic corneal neuropathy diabetic retinopathy retina

Emerging insights into the function of very long chain fatty acids at cerebellar synapses

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1709-1710页

作者： Martin-Paul Agbaga Mohiuddin Ahmad Department of Cell Biology and Ophthalmology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Centerand Dean McGee Eye InstituteOklahoma CityOKUSA

Very long chain-saturated and-polyunsaturated fatty acids(VLC-SFA and VLC-PUFA, respectively) are a functionally important class of fatty acids containing 28 carbons or more in their acyl chain. They are synthesized by the elongation of very long fatty acids-4(ELOVL4) enzyme, expressed mainly in the brain, retina, skin, testes, and meibomian gland, where these fatty acids are found(Agbaga et al., 2008). Further, these organs exhibit tissuespecific VLC-PUFA and VLC-SFA biosynthesis and incorporation into complex lipids for specific functions. In the brain, skin, and Meibomian glands, the ELOVL4 mainly makes VLC-SFA, which are incorporated into complex sphingolipids. In the retina, the ELOVL4 makes VLC-PUFA that are incorporated into phosphatidylcholine, that are critical for visual function, while in testes and sperm, the VLC-PUFA are incorporated into sphingolipids that are critical for fertility(Yeboah et al., 2021).

关键词： functions function insight

Risk factors for endophthalmitis following cataract surgery-our experience at a tertiary eye care centre in India

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第6期8卷 1184-1189页

作者： Rohit C.Khanna Vanita Pathak Ray Madhavi Latha Sandra D Cassard Annie Mathai Garudadri C Sekhar LV Prasad eye institute Kallam Anji Reddy Campus wilmer eye institute Johns Hopkins University

AIMTo determine the risk factors for acute endophthalmitis after cataract extraction in a tertiary care centre in *** performed a nested case control study within a retrospective cohort. The surgical records of all patients with clinically diagnosed endophthalmitis within one month after cataract surgery, performed between January 2006 and December 2009, were reviewed. These were compared with randomly selected age and gender-matched controls, from patients having routine cataract surgery within ±1wk of the endophthalmitis case. Univariable and multivariable analysis were performed to identify risk factors for *** the total 33 856 cataract surgeries performed during this period, there were 57 cases of postoperative acute endophthalmitis that met our study criteria. Thus, the overall incidence of endophthalmitis in our cohort was 1.6 per 1000 cataract extractions performed. Mean age of cases was 55.9y (SD: 10.9y) and for controls was 55.6y (SD: 9.8y). Thirty-five cases (61.4%) and 133 controls (59.6%) were males. Median time of onset of endophthalmitis was 4d (IQR 2-9d; range: 1-30d). Thirty-nine cases (68.4%) presented within 7d and 27 cases (47.4%) were culture positive. Two hundred and twenty-three age and gender matched controls were selected. In multivariate analysis, endophthalmitis was associated with posterior capsular rupture (PCR) during surgery (OR 6.98, 95%CI: 2.22-21.98), phacoemulsification via scleral incision with a foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (OR 3.02, 95%CI: 1.13-8.04) and ocular co-morbidity (OR 2.32, 95%CI: 1.11-4.87).CONCLUSIONPCR, presence of ocular co-morbidity, and phacoemulsification via scleral incision with foldable-IOL were found to be independent risk factors for acute endophthalmitis.

关键词： endophthalmitis incidence cataract surgery risk factors

Response of L V Prasad eye institute to COVID-19 outbreak in India:experience at its tertiary eye care centre and adoption to its eye Health Pyramid

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第1期14卷 1-9页

作者： Rohit C Khanna Prashant Garg Pravin K Vaddavalli Merle Fernandes Suryasnata Rath Sameera Nayak Raja Narayanan Rajeev Reddy Pappuru Swathi Kaliki Anthony Vipin Das Savitri Sharma Subhadra Jalali Allen Foster Community eye Health Research Centre Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye CareL V Prasad Eye InstituteHyderabad 500030India Brien Holden eye Research Centre L V Prasad Eye InstituteHyderabadTelangana 500034India School of Optometry and Vision Science University of New South WalesSydney 2033Australia University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNY 14642USA Kallam Anji Reddy Campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteHyderabad 500034India Grandhi Mallikarjun Rao Varalakshmi Campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteVishakhapatnamAndhra Pradesh 530040India Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteBhubaneswaraOdisha 751024India Kode Venkatadri Chowdary Campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteVijayawada 521134India Department of eyeSmart EMR&Aeye L V Prasad Eye Institute 500034India

AIM:To summarize the experience of response to COVID-19 outbreak at a tertiary eye care institute and its network of health facilities in ***:Our responses are based on the principles of social distancing,hand hygiene,respiratory etiquettes,surface disinfection protocol,and rational use of appropriate personal protective equipment(PPE).We describe our response in terms of administrative controls,clinical protocols,staff protection,environmental controls,and social distancing *** also discuss our communication strategies and monitoring systems,to ensure compliance to ***:Administrative control is mainly related to formation of task force and its *** protocols are related to patient triaging methods and clinical examination guidelines in Outpatient,Inpatient and Operating *** protection is focused on training staff on the protocols to be followed in hospital as well as at home,and use of *** protocol is focused on cleaning and disinfectant methods to be used in the *** addition,there are systems for communication as well as monitoring compliance to ***:We hope that these protocols and our experience would help the ophthalmic community globally and serve as a guide to protect ophthalmologists and ophthalmic care personnel,and their patients across the world.

关键词： COVID-19 coronavirus India ophthalmology pandemic care practices pandemic protocols eye care

Stem Cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study(SCOTS) for retinal and optic nerve diseases: a case report of improvement in relapsing auto-immune optic neuropathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第6期10卷 1507-1515页

作者： Jeffrey N.Weiss Steven Levy Susan C.Benes Retina Associates of South Florida MD Stem Cells wilmer eye institute The Johns Hopkins Hospital

We present the results from a patient with relapsing optic neuropathy treated within the Stem Cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study （SCOTS）. SCOTS is an Institutional Review Board ap- proved clinical trial and has become the largest ophthalmology stem cell study registered at the National institutes of Health to date （*** Identifier NCT 01920867）. SCOTS utilizes autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells （BMSCs） for treatment of retinal and optic nerve diseases. Pre-treatment and post-treatment comprehensive eye exams of a 54 year old female patient were performed both at the Florida Study Center, USA and at The eye Center of Columbus, USA. As a consequence of a relapsing optic neuritis, the patient＇s previously normal visual acuity decreased to between 20/350 and 20/400 in the right eye and to 20/70 in the left eye. Significant visual field loss developed bilaterally. The patient underwent a right eye vitrectomy with injection of BMSCs into the optic nerve of the right eyeand retrobulbar, subtenon and in- travitreal injection of BMSCs in the left eye. At 15 months after SCOTS treatment, the patient＇s visual acuity had improved to 20/150 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Bilateral visual fields improved markedly. Both macular thickness and fast retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were maximally improved at 3 and 6 months after SCOTS treatment. The patient also reduced her mycophenylate dose from 1,500 mg per day to 500 mg per day and required no steroid pulse therapy during the 15-month follow up.

关键词： nerve regeneration stem cells optic nerve autoimmune optic neuropathy ophthalmology bone marrow-derived stem cells blindness visual loss Stem Cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study neural regeneration

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AAV2-PDE6B restores retinal structure and function in the retinal degeneration 10 mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa by promoting phototransduction and inhibiting apoptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2408-2419页

作者： Ruiqi Qiu Mingzhu Yang Xiuxiu Jin Jingyang Liu Weiping Wang Xiaoli Zhang Jinfeng Han Bo Lei Henan eye Hospital Henan Provincial People’s HospitalPeople’s Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina eye institute Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical ScienceZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease Henan Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina Academy of Medical Science Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina

Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of inherited diseases that lead to retinal degeneration and photoreceptor cell ***,there is no effective treatment for retinitis pigmentosa caused by PDE6B ***-associated virus(AAV)-mediated gene therapy is a promising strategy for treating retinitis *** aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanisms by which AAV2-PDE6B rescues retinal *** do this,we injected retinal degeneration 10(rd10)mice subretinally with AAV2-PDE6B and assessed the therapeutic effects on retinal function and structure using dark-and light-adapted electroretinogram,optical coherence tomography,and ***-independent acquisition-mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis was conducted to investigate protein expression levels and pathway enrichment,and the results from this analysis were verified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western ***2-PDE6B injection significantly upregulated PDE6βexpression,preserved electroretinogram responses,and preserved outer nuclear layer thickness in rd10 *** expressed proteins between wild-type and rd10 mice were closely related to visual perception,and treating rd10 mice with AAV2-PDE6B restored differentially expressed protein expression to levels similar to those seen in wild-type *** Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins whose expression was most significantly altered by AAV2-PDE6B injection were enriched in phototransduction ***,the phototransductionrelated proteins Pde6α,Rom1,Rho,Aldh1a1,and Rbp1 exhibited opposite expression patterns in rd10 mice with or without AAV2-PDE6B ***,Bax/Bcl-2,p-ERK/ERK,and p-c-Fos/c-Fos expression levels decreased in rd10 mice following AAV2-PDE6B *** data suggest that AAV2-PDE6B-mediated gene therapy promotes phototransduction and inhibits apoptosis by inhibiting the ERK signaling pathway and upr

关键词： apoptosis AAV2-PDE6B ERK1/2 gene therapy phototransduction proteomics rd10 retinitis pigmentosa

Retinal ganglion cell death in a DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma Microglial activation and intraocular pressure

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第4期5卷 273-281页

作者： Liping Yang Xiujuan Guo Lingling Wu Ying Li Lemeng Wu Dongmei Wang Mark O.M.TsoO Peking University Third Hospital Peking University Eye Center Beijing 100191 China wilmer eye institute JohnsHopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA

BACKGROUND： Retinal microglia has been shown to reactivate in a murine model of pigmentary glaucoma. However, the relationship between microglial activation and intraocular pressure （lOP） elevation and retinal ganglion cell （RGC） death is still unclear. OBJECTIVE： To verify that microglial activation and tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α） expression is involved in RGC death with elevated lOP and prolonged time of glaucomatous optic nerve lesion in a DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： This randomized, controlled, animal experiment was performed at the Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University eye Center, China between December 2006 and May ***： DBA/2J mice and C57BL/6J mice （Jackson Laboratory, USA）, rat anti-mouse CD11 b monoclonal antibody （Serotec, UK）, and goat anti-TNF-α polyclonal antibody （Sigma, USA） were used in this ***： A total of 100 female, DBA/2J mice at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 14 months of age （20 mice per age group） were used for the glaucoma model, and 18 C57BL/6J mice at 3, 9, 14 months of age （6 mice per age group） were used as normal controls. The anterior segment of the eye was observed using a slit-lamp biomicroscope, lOP was measured using a microneedle system. Morphology and number of retinal microglia were observed using immunohistochemistry. RGCs were quantified using Nissl staining. Co-localization of TNF-α and microglia was observed using double-labeling immunofluorescence. Excavation of the optic nerve head was observed utilizing hematoxylin-eosin staining. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The following parameters were measured： lOP levels, numbers of RGCs and activated microglia, and TNF-α expression. RESULTS： In 6-month-old DBA/2J mice, dispersed pigment was observed, and some mice developed increased IOP. At 9 months of age, lOP levels reached a peak. In 3-month-old DBA/2J mice, microglia were activated. In 6-month-old DBA/2J mice, the number of activated microglia was significantly increased and

关键词： pigmentary glaucoma DBA/2J mice microglia retinal ganglion cell tumor necrosis factor-α

The glaucoma service at Johns Hopkins University

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eye Science 2011年第1期26卷 16-17页

作者： David Friedman wilmer eye institute and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Glaucoma service of Johns Hopkins University is currently involved in a range of research *** overview will cover the major clinical activities currently underway.

关键词：青光眼服务大学金

Early activation of caspase-1 after retinal ischemia and reperfusion injury in mice

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Chinese Medical Journal 2004年第5期117卷 717-721页

作者：郑广瑛张成李志刚 Department of Ophthalmology wilmer eye institute

Background Caspases are important in the signaling pathway of cellular apoptosis Caspase-3 protein expression has been shown to increase and parallel to neuronal apoptosis in retinal ischemia injury This study was to determine whether caspase-1 is involved in neuronal cell death or in retinal ischemia and reperfusion injury Methods In twenty-one adult mice, ischemia was induced by increasing the intraocular pressure The animals were sacrificed at 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 1 day, 3 days and 7 days after reperfusion Frozen sections were used for caspase-1 immunostaining and TUNEL labeling Results In normal retina, no caspase-1 positive cells were seen One hour after ischemia, numerous positive cells were noted in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and inner side of inner nuclear layer (INL) At 3 hours, caspase-1 positive cells continued to increase and peaked at 6 hours, then decreased significantly at 1 day TUNEL positive cells were detected at 3 hours and peaked at 1 day after ischemia Double labeling of caspase-1 and TUNEL only showed few cells with co-localization after ischemia Conclusion Caspase-1 immunoreactivity preceds to the TUNEL labeling in the GCL and INL after retinal ischemia and reperfusion injury and its early activation may play an important role in the initiation of neuronal apoptosis

关键词： caspase-1 · retinal ischemia · reperfusion · TUNEL · apoptosis