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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2022年第3期37卷 404-414页

作者： Muhammad Amin Sadiq Murad Department of Mathematics College of ScienceUniversity of DuhokDuhokIraq

In this paper,the modified integral equation,namely,Elzaki transformation coupled with the Adomian decomposition method called Elzaki Adomian decomposition method(EADM)is used to investigate the solution of time-fractional fourth-order parabolic partial differential equations(PDEs)with variable *** introduced method is used to solve two models of the proposed problem,the analytical and approximate solutions of the models are *** outcomes illustrate that the proposed technique is a highly accurate,and facilitates the process of solving differential equations by comparing it,with the exact solution and those obtained by the variation iteration method(VIM)and Laplace homotopy perturbation method(LHPM).

关键词： Elzaki transformation Adomian decomposition method time-fractional fourth-order parabolic Variation iteration method Laplace homotopy perturbation

Modified Wild Horse Optimization with Deep Learning Enabled Symmetric Human Activity Recognition Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 4009-4024页

作者： Bareen Shamsaldeen Tahir Zainab Salih Ageed Sheren Sadiq Hasan Subhi R.M.Zeebaree Accounting Department College of Administration and EconomicsUniversity of DuhokDuhokIraq Computer Science Department College of ScienceNawroz UniversityDuhokIraq ITM Department Technical College of AdministrativeDuhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhokIraq Energy Eng.Department Technical College of EngineeringDuhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhokIraq

Traditional indoor human activity recognition(HAR)is a timeseries data classification problem and needs feature ***,considerable attention has been given to the domain ofHARdue to the enormous amount of its real-time uses in real-time applications,namely surveillance by authorities,biometric user identification,and health monitoring of older *** extensive usage of the Internet of Things(IoT)and wearable sensor devices has made the topic of HAR a vital subject in ubiquitous and mobile *** more commonly utilized inference and problemsolving technique in the HAR system have recently been deep learning(DL).The study develops aModifiedWild Horse Optimization withDLAided Symmetric Human Activity Recognition(MWHODL-SHAR)*** major intention of the MWHODL-SHAR model lies in recognition of symmetric activities,namely jogging,walking,standing,sitting,*** the presented MWHODL-SHAR technique,the human activities data is pre-processed in various stages to make it compatible for further processing.A convolution neural network with an attention-based long short-term memory(CNNALSTM)model is applied for activity *** MWHO algorithm is utilized as a hyperparameter tuning strategy to improve the detection rate of the CNN-ALSTM *** experimental validation of the MWHODL-SHAR technique is simulated using a benchmark *** extensive comparison study revealed the betterment of theMWHODL-SHAR technique over other recent approaches.

关键词： Human activity recognition symmetry deep learning machine learning pattern recognition time series classification

Cybernet Model:A New Deep Learning Model for Cyber DDoS Attacks Detection and Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1275-1295页

作者： Azar Abid Salih Maiwan Bahjat Abdulrazaq Department of Information Technology Technical College of DuhokDuhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhokIraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZakhoDuhokIraq

Cyberspace is extremely dynamic,with new attacks arising *** cybersecurity controls is vital for network *** Learning(DL)models find widespread use across various fields,with cybersecurity being one of the most crucial due to their rapid cyberattack detection capabilities on networks and *** capabilities of DL in feature learning and analyzing extensive data volumes lead to the recognition of network traffic *** study presents novel lightweight DL models,known as Cybernet models,for the detection and recognition of various cyber Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)*** models were constructed to have a reasonable number of learnable parameters,i.e.,less than 225,000,hence the name“lightweight.”This not only helps reduce the number of computations required but also results in faster training and inference ***,these models were designed to extract features in parallel from 1D Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),which makes them unique compared to earlier existing architectures and results in better performance *** validate their robustness and effectiveness,they were tested on the CIC-DDoS2019 dataset,which is an imbalanced and large dataset that contains different types of DDoS *** results revealed that bothmodels yielded promising results,with 99.99% for the detectionmodel and 99.76% for the recognition model in terms of accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 ***,they outperformed the existing state-of-the-art models proposed for the same ***,the proposed models can be used in cyber security research domains to successfully identify different types of attacks with a high detection and recognition rate.

关键词： Deep learning CNN LSTM Cybernet model DDoS recognition

Multi-Level Fusion in Ultrasound for Cancer Detection Based on Uniform LBP Features

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 3363-3382页

作者： Diyar Qader Zeebaree Adnan Mohsin Abdulazeez Dilovan Asaad Zebari Habibollah Haron Haza Nuzly Abdull Hamed Research Center of duhok Polytechnic university DuhokKurdistan RegionIraq Presidency of duhok Polytechnic university duhok Kurdistan RegionIraq Center of Scientific Research and Development Nawroz university DuhokKurdistan RegionIraq School of Computing University Teknologi MalaysiaJohorMalaysia

Collective improvement in the acceptable or desirable accuracy level of breast cancer image-related pattern recognition using various schemes remains *** the combination of multiple schemes to achieve superior ultrasound image pattern recognition by reducing the speckle noise,an enhanced technique is not *** purpose of this study is to introduce a features-based fusion scheme based on enhancement uniform-Local Binary Pattern(LBP)and filtered noise *** surmount the above limitations and achieve the aim of the study,a new descriptor that enhances the LBP features based on the new threshold has been *** paper proposes a multi-level fusion scheme for the auto-classification of the static ultrasound images of breast cancer,which was attained in two ***,several images were generated from a single image using the pre-processing *** andWiener filterswere utilized to lessen the speckle noise and enhance the ultrasound image *** strategy allowed the extraction of a powerful feature by reducing the overlap between the benign and malignant image ***,the fusion mechanism allowed the production of diverse features from different filtered *** feasibility of using the LBP-based texture feature to categorize the ultrasound images was *** effectiveness of the proposed scheme is tested on 250 ultrasound images comprising 100 and 150 benign and malignant images,*** proposed method achieved very high accuracy(98%),sensitivity(98%),and specificity(99%).As a result,the fusion process that can help achieve a powerful decision based on different features produced from different filtered images improved the results of the new descriptor of LBP features in terms of accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity.

关键词： Breast cancer ultrasound image local binary pattern feature extraction noise reduction filters fusion

Addressing the Issues and Developments Correlated with Envisaged 5G Mobile Technologies: Comprehensive Solutions

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 2205-2223页

作者： Idrees Sarhan Kocher Energy Engineering Department Duhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhok42001Iraq

Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’*** is anticipated that Envisaged 5G(E5G)mobile technology would be operational in certain developed countries by *** Internet of Things(IoTs)will transform how humans live when combined with smart and integrated sensing devices,such as in-home sensing *** research is being carried out all over the world to produce a new technique that can be crucial in the success of the anticipated 5G mobile *** output,reduced latency,highly reliable,greater scalability,high performance,capacity,bandwidth efficiency,virtual open-air transmission,and efficient energy mobile wireless communications are all being investigated *** this work,a comprehensive path for addressing the difficulties and developments associated with 5G mobile technology is *** debate and description of a complete analysis of current situations,certain characteristics and prospective scenarios,important technologies,problems and advances,and spectrum allocation of envisioned 5G mobile technologies are ***,this paper analyzes the most notable elements of 5G mobile technology,such as Cognitive Radio(CR),flexibility,accessibility,and cloud-based service offers,which will assure 5G mobile technology’s dominance as the main protocol for international ***,this paper provides a method for integrating CR with current wireless communication systems,the necessity for further evolution of the E5G network,and the need for comprehensive consideration of architecture evolution and function enhancement to enhance the E5G mobile technologies.

关键词： E5G mobile technologies spectrum allocation pseudo outdoor communication key performance indicators cloudbased services efficient energy CR

Monolayer MoS_(2)/n-Si Heterostructure Schottky Solar Cell

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第7期10卷 1979-1988页

作者： Omar Salih Omar the university of duhok College of ScienceDepartment of PhysicsDuhokKurdistan RegionIraq

Monolayer MoS_(2)has a promising optoelectronics property,with a bandgap in the visible range;the material is a potential candidate for solar cell *** this work,we grew MoS_(2)monolayers using a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition *** produce uniform wafer-scale MoS_(2)monolayer films,precursors molybdenum dioxide(MoO_(2))and sulfur(S)are *** force microscopy was used to quantify the thickness of the monolayers,and the result was validated by Raman *** electron microscopy(TEM)was used to confirm the crystalline quality of the monolayers,and photoluminescence spectroscopy was used to evaluate their optical *** were able to create a Schottky solar cell with a MoS_(2)monolayer up to 1 cm2 area by transferring monolayer film to n-type *** MoS_(2)/n-Si Schottky solar cell demonstrated photovoltaic characteristics with a short circuit current density of 14.8 mA cm^(-2)and an open-circuit voltage of 0.32 V under 100 mW cm^(-2)*** fill factor and energy conversion efficiency were 53%and 2.46%,respectively,with the highest external quantum efficiency at 530 nm being 44%.

关键词： MoS_(2)monolayers chemical vapor deposition Schottky solar cell

A new approach for pseudo hyperbolic partial differential equations with nonLocal conditions using Laplace Adomian decomposition method

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第4期39卷 750-758页

作者： Mahmut Modanli Sadeq Taha Abdulazeez Ahmad Muhamad Husien Department of Mathematics Harran UniversityFaculty of Arts and Sciences63300SanliurfaTurkey Department of Mathematics Duhok UniversityCollege of Basic EducationDuhokIraq Department of Mathematics Duhok UniversityCollege of ScienceDuhokIraq

This paper provides a nonlinear pseudo-hyperbolic partial differential equation with non-local *** the importance of this problem,the exact solution to this problem is rare in the ***,the Laplace-Adomian Decomposition Method(LADM)is used to provide a new approach to solving this ***,we give a comparison between the exact and approximate solutions at various points with absolute *** obtained result showed that the proposed method is effective and accurate for this problem and can be used for many other evolution of nonlinear equations in mathematical physics.

关键词： pseudo hyperbolic equations nonlocal conditions Laplace-Adomian decomposition method Approximate solutions

An Experimental Simulation of Addressing Auto-Configuration Issues for Wireless Sensor Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3821-3838页

作者： Idrees Sarhan Kocher Energy Engineering Department Duhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhok42001Kurdistan RegionIraq

Applications of Wireless Sensor devices are widely used byvarious monitoring sections such as environmental monitoring, industrialsensing, habitat modeling, healthcare and enemy movement detection *** were found that 16 bytes packet size (payload) requires MediaAccess Control (MAC) and globally unique network addresses overheads asmore as the payload itself which is not reasonable in most situations. Theapproach of using a unique address isn’t preferable for most Wireless SensorNetworks (WSNs) applications as well. Based on the mentioned drawbacks,the current work aims to fill the existing gap in the field area by providingtwo strategies. First, name/address solutions that assign unique addresseslocally to clustered topology-based sensor devices, reutilized in a spatialmanner, and reduce name/address size by a noticeable amount of 2.9 basedon conducted simulation test. Second, name/address solutions that assignreutilizing of names/addresses to location-unaware spanning-tree topologyin an event-driven WSNs case (that is providing minimal low latenciesand delivering addressing packet in an efficient manner). Also, to declinethe approach of needing both addresses (MAC and network) separately, itdiscloses how in a spatial manner to reutilize locally unique sensor devicename approach and could be utilized in both contexts and providing anenergy-efficient protocol for location unawareness clustered based *** comparison, an experimental simulation test performed and given theaddresses solution with less overhead in the header and 62 percent fairpayload efficiency that outperforms 34 percent less effective globally uniqueaddresses. Furthermore, the proposed work provides addresses uniquenessfor network-level without using network-wide Duplicate Address Detection(DAD) algorithm. Consequently, the current study provides a roadmap foraddressing/naming scheme to help researchers in this field of study. In general,some assumptions were taken during the work p

关键词： Addressing\Naming MAC address global address locally unique address tree spanning clustering duplicate address detection(DAD)

Solar Radiation Prediction Using Satin Bowerbird Optimization with Modified Deep Learning

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第9期46卷 3225-3238页

作者： Sheren Sadiq Hasan Zainab Salih Agee Bareen Shamsaldeen Tahir Subhi R.M.Zeebaree ITM Department Technical College of AdministrativeDuhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhokIraq Computer Science Department College of ScienceNawroz UniversityDuhokIraq Accounting Department College of Adminstration and EconomicsUniversity of DuhokDuhokIraq Energy Eng.Department Technical College of EngineeringDuhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhokIraq

Solar energy will be a great alternative to fossil fuels since it is clean and *** photovoltaic(PV)mechanism produces sunbeams’green energy without noise or *** PV mechanism seems simple,seldom malfunctioning,and easy to *** energy productivity significantly contributes to smart grids through many small PV *** solar radiation(SR)prediction could substantially reduce the impact and cost relating to the advancement of solar *** recent times,several SR predictive mechanism was formulated,namely artificial neural network(ANN),autoregressive moving average,and support vector machine(SVM).Therefore,this article develops an optimal Modified Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit Driven Solar Radiation Prediction(OMBGRU-SRP)for energy *** presented OMBGRU-SRP technique mainly aims to accomplish an accurate and time SR prediction *** accomplish this,the presented OMBGRU-SRP technique performs data preprocessing to normalize the solar ***,the MBGRU model is derived using BGRU with an attention mechanism and skip *** last,the hyperparameter tuning of the MBGRU model is carried out using the satin bowerbird optimization(SBO)algorithm to attain maximum prediction with minimum error *** SBO algorithm is an intelligent optimization algorithm that simulates the breeding behavior of an adult male Satin Bowerbird in the *** experiments were conducted to demonstrate the enhanced SR prediction *** experimental values highlighted the supremacy of the OMBGRU-SRP algorithm over other existing models.

关键词： Solar radiation prediction deep learning parameter optimization energy management sustainability

Oversampling Method Based on Gaussian Distribution and K-Means Clustering

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 451-469页

作者： Masoud Muhammed Hassan Adel Sabry Eesa Ahmed Jameel Mohammed Wahab Kh.Arabo Department of Computer Science University of ZakhoDuhok42001Kurdistan RegionIraq Department of Information Technology Duhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhok42001Kurdistan RegionIraq

Learning from imbalanced data is one of the greatest challenging problems in binary classification,and this problem has gained more importance in recent *** the class distribution is imbalanced,classical machine learning algorithms tend to move strongly towards the majority class and disregard the ***,the accuracy may be high,but the model cannot recognize data instances in the minority class to classify them,leading to many *** methods have been proposed in the literature to handle the imbalance problem,but most are complicated and tend to simulate unnecessary *** this paper,we propose a simple oversampling method based on Multivariate Gaussian distribution and K-means clustering,called *** new method aims to avoid generating noise and control imbalances between and within *** experiments have been carried out with six classifiers and four oversampling *** results on different imbalanced datasets show that the proposed GK-Means outperforms other oversampling methods and improves classification performance as measured by F1-score and Accuracy.

关键词： Class imbalance oversampling gaussian multivariate distribution k-means clustering