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Effects of different organic fertilizers on nitrous oxide and methane emissions from double-cropping rice fields

Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 52-62页

作者： Mingcheng HU Andrew J.WADE Weishou SHEN Zhenfang ZHONG Chongwen QIU Xiangui LIN Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ReadingReading RG66 DWUK Haina Research Institute of Guangdong Haina Agricultural Co. Ltd.Huizhou 516000China state Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Rice fields are a major source of greenhouse gases,such as nitrous oxide (N_(2)O) and methane (CH_(4)).Organic fertilizers may potentially replace inorganic fertilizers to meet the nitrogen requirement for rice growth;however,the simultaneous effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2)O and CH_(4)emissions and crop yield in paddy fields remain poorly understood and *** this study,experimental plots were established in conventional double-cropping paddy fields in the Pearl River Delta,China,including an unfertilized control and five fertilizer treatments with fresh organic fertilizer (FOF),successively composted organic fertilizer (SOF),chemically composted organic fertilizer (COF),COF supplemented with inorganic fertilizer (COIF),and chemical fertilizers (CFs)(TFOF,TSOF,TCOF,TCOIF,and TCF,respectively).Paddy field soils behaved simultaneously as an N_(2)O sink (cumulative N_(2)O emission:-196 to-381 g N ha^(-1)) and as a CH_(4)source (cumulative CH_(4)emission:719 to 2 178 kg ha^(-1)).Compared to CFs,the effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2)O emission were not *** contrast,total annual CH_(4)emission increased by 157%,132%,125%,and 37%in TFOF,TCOF,TSOF,and TCOIF,respectively,compared to *** TCOIF,rice yield was maintained,while CH_(4)emission was not significantly increased from the paddy fields characterized by a prolonged flood *** important next step is to extend these field-based measurements to larger rice cultivation areas to quantify the regional and national-scale impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and to help determine the optimum practice for fertilizer use.

关键词： crop production global warming potential greenhouse gases manure paddy sustainable agriculture

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UDT:U-shaped deformable transformer for subarachnoid haemorrhage image segmentation

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第3期9卷 756-768页

作者： Wei Xie Lianghao Jin Shiqi Hua Hao Sun Bo Sun Zhigang Tu Jun Liu Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Learning Central China Normal UniversityWuhanChina School of Computer Science Central China Normal UniversityWuhanChina National Language Resources monitoring and Research center for Network Media Central China Normal UniversityWuhanChina The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University DalianChina state Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote SensingWuhan UniversityWuhanChina Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingaporeSingapore

Subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH),mostly caused by the rupture of intracranial aneu-rysm,is a common disease with a high fatality *** lesions are generally diffusely distributed,showing a variety of scales with irregular *** complex characteristics of lesions make SAH segmentation a challenging *** cope with these difficulties,a u-shaped deformable transformer(UDT)is proposed for SAH ***,first,a multi-scale deformable attention(MSDA)module is exploited to model the diffuseness and scale-variant characteristics of SAH lesions,where the MSDA module can fuse features in different scales and adjust the attention field of each element dynamically to generate discriminative multi-scale ***,the cross deformable attention-based skip connection(CDASC)module is designed to model the irregular edge char-acteristic of SAH lesions,where the CDASC module can utilise the spatial details from encoder features to refine the spatial information of decoder ***,the MSDA and CDASC modules are embedded into the backbone Res-UNet to construct the proposed *** experiments are conducted on the self-built SAH-CT dataset and two public medical datasets(GlaS and MoNuSeg).Experimental results show that the presented UDT achieves the state-of-the-art performance.

关键词： image segmentation medical image processing

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Enhancing landslide susceptibility mapping incorporating landslide typology via stacking ensemble machine learning in Three Gorges Reservoir,China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 78-96页

作者： Lanbing Yu Yang Wang Biswajeet Pradhan Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Research center of Geohazard monitoring and Warning in the Three Gorges Reservoir Chongqing 404199China Centre for Advanced Modelling and Geospatial Information Systems(CAMGIS) School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and ITUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW 2007Australia Earth Observation Centre Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKMBangiSelangorMalaysia

Different types of landslides exhibit distinct relationships with environmental conditioning ***,in regions where multiple types of landslides coexist,it is required to separate landslide types for landslide susceptibility mapping(LSM).In this paper,a landslideprone area located in Chongqing Province within the middle and upper reaches of the Three Gorges Reservoir area(TGRA),China,was selected as the study area.733 landslides were classified into three types:reservoir-affected landslides,non-reservoir-affected landslides,and *** landslide inventory datasets and 15 landslide conditional factors were trained by three Machine Learning models(logistic regression,random forest,support vector machine),and a Deep Learning(DL)*** comparing the models using receiver operating characteristics(ROC),the landslide susceptibility indexes of three types landslides were acquired by the best performing *** indexes were then used as input to generate the final map based on the Stacking *** results revealed that DL model showed the best performance in LSM without considering landslide types,achieving an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.854 for testing and 0.922 for ***,when we separated the landslide types for LSM,the AUC improved by 0.026 for testing and 0.044 for ***,this paper demonstrates that considering different landslide types in LSM can significantly improve the quality of landslide susceptibility *** maps in turn,can be valuable tools for evaluating and mitigating landslide hazards.

关键词： Landslide susceptibility mapping Deep learning model Landslide types Stacking method

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Morphological,phylogenetic and metabolite profile of Prorocentrum clipeus,a newly recorded epiphytic dinoflagellate in the northern Yellow Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第8期43卷 128-141页

作者： Ruifang Wang Mengmeng Tong Shiwen Zhou Junjie Zheng Wenguang Zhang Xinfeng Dai Douding Lu Jiarong Hu Tianze Leng Qinglin Mu Zhongyong Yan Jiangning Zeng Pengbin Wang Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China The state Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution Department of Biomedical SciencesCity University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Zhejiang Marine Ecology and Environment monitoring center Zhoushan 316000China

More than 30 species of benthic Prorocentrum have been identified,some of which produce okadaic acid(OA)and its derivatives,dinophysistoxins(DTXs),which cause diarrhetic shellfish poisoning(DSP).Increasing numbers of benthic Prorocentrum species have been reported in tropical and subtropical waters of *** contrast,only a few benthic Prorocentrum species have been reported in temperate *** this study,morphological descriptions obtained using light microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and molecular characterization of one Prorocentrum clipeus strain isolated from the Yellow Sea are *** clipeus cells were nearly circular in shape,with a collar,ridge,and one *** periflagellar area was wide U-shaped,with two curved projections on platelet *** periflagellar platelets of different sizes were *** morphology closely fits that of the species isolated from other *** analysis based on the molecular sequences of the small subunit(SSU)rDNA,internal transcribed spacer(ITS),and large subunit(LSU)rDNA was performed.A comprehensive metabolomic analysis incorporating target,suspect and non-target screenings was first applied to investigate the intracellular and extracellular metabolite profiles of the current isolate of *** to the results of the target and suspect screenings,179 metabolites or toxins produced by DSP-related algal species,including OA,dinophysistoxin-1(DTX1),dinophysistoxin-2(DTX2)and pectenotoxin-2(PTX2),were not ***-target screening involving feature-based molecular networking(FBMN)provided a global view of major metabolites produced by the *** DF128 strain and revealed 23 clusters belonging to at least 13 compound classes,with organometallic compounds,lipids and lipid-like molecules,phenylpropanoids and polyketides,and benzenoids as major *** date,this is the first record of the characterization of *** in samples from Chinese *** results suppo

关键词： Prorocentrum taxonomy phylogeny metabolite profiling Yellow Sea

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Basin-scale exposure risk of psychiatric pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in tap water in Eastern China

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 40-45页

作者： Wei Wang Zeyuan Wang Feng Chen Fangxing Yang Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics&Estuary(Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design) Hangzhou310008China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou310012China Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of EducationCollege of Natural Resources and Environmental ScienceZhejiang University310058HangzhouChina Hangzhou Ecological and Environmental monitoring center of Zhejiang Province 310058HangzhouChina Innovation center of Yangtze River Delta Zhejiang University314100JiashanChina

A total of twenty-three psychiatric pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs were analyzed in tap water covering seven basins in Eastern *** residual concentrations of these substances were detected up to 22.4 ng L^(-1).Among the substances,benzodiazepines were more often detected with higher median concentrations than those of illicit ***,the higher residual levels of psychoactive substances were detected in the upstream of the basins compared with the *** example,the concentrations of diazepam,temazepam,and oxazepam in the downstream were much higher than those in the upstream in *** the basins,YH was the most polluted *** assessment indicated the median exposure doses of diazepam and temazepam were from 85 to 99 and 3.5e4.1 pg kg^(-1) bw d^(-1) in the basins,*** quotient for the nine detected substances was calculated in each basin with the range from 0.0001 to 0.0389,indicating low risk in the tap water for human health under current concentrations.

关键词： Psychiatric pharmaceuticals Illicit drugs Psychoactive substances Tap water Risk assessment

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Rapid and sensitive detection of urinary KIM-1 using fully printed photonic crystal microarrays

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4329-4337页

作者： Yang Liu Xuwei He Zewei Lian Qian Guo Jimei Chi Xiaoxue Lin Liyue Zhang Zheng Liu Yingyuan Liu Meng Su Keyu Wang Qiangguo Ao Qingli Cheng Department of Nephrology The Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric DiseasesBeijing 100853China Chinese PLA Medical School Beijing 100853China Key Laboratory of Green Printing CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesBeijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing TechnologyBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences(ICCAS)Beijing 100190China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Peking University International HospitalBeijing 102206China Department of Clinical Laboratory The Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric DiseasesBeijing 100853China

Urinary kidney injury molecule 1(uKIM-1)serves as a reliable marker for the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury(AKI).The rapid and facile detection of changes in uKIM-1 is essential for early AKI diagnosis,ultimately improving the prognosis of *** this study,we developed a fully printed photonic crystal-integrated microarray with photonic crystal-enhanced fluorescence properties,which can detect uKIM-1 levels at the *** confirmed its efficacy in the early diagnosis of AKI using clinical urine *** quantitative detection of uKIM-1 was achieved within 10 *** lowest limit of detection is 8.75 pg·mL^(-1) with an accuracy of 94.2%.The diagnostic efficacy was validated using 86 clinical urine samples,highlighting the high sensitivity and stability of the photonic crystal ***,a facile and reliable immunoassay was designed and prepared for the rapid quantitative detection of uKIM-1,which is crucial for the early identification and convenient detection of AKI in hospital or community ***,convenient,cost-effective,and long-term monitoring of changes in uKIM-1 levels can assist clinicians in making timely adjustments to treatment regimens,preventing the transition from AKI to chronic kidney disease(CKD),improving the quality of life of patients with AKI,and reducing healthcare *** highlights the advantages of utilizing urine samples as a noninvasive and easily accessible medium for early detection and monitoring of kidney-related conditions.

关键词： photonic crystal point-of-care testing urine kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) acute kidney injury

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Phase engineering of Pd–Te nanoplates via potential energy trapping

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eScience 2024年第2期4卷 117-126页

作者： Mengjun Wang Jun Jia Hao Yan Guang Li Qiming Hong Yuzheng Guo Yong Xu Xiaoqing Huang state Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials and EnergyGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangdong510006China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityHubei430072China testing and Analysis center College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen361005China

Phase modulation of noble metal alloys(NMAs)is critically important in nanoscience since the distinct atomic arrangements can largely determine their physicochemical ***,the precise modulation of NMAs is formidably challenging,because thermodynamically stable phases are generally preferential compared to those metastable ***,we proposed a potential energy trapping strategy for phase modulation of Pd–Te alloys with ***,ethylene glycol can increase the energy barrier for both Pd leaching and Te introduction,forming metastable Pd20Te7 ***,N,N-dimethylformamide is unable to trap metastable phase,inducing the phase evolution to thermodynamically stable PdTe phase,and the precise phase modulation was realized including Pd20Te7,PdTe and PdTe2 *** Pd–Te alloys displayed phase-dependent formic acid oxidation catalytic performance with PdTe phase showing the *** work proposes a strategy for creating metastable phase with potential energy trap,which may deepen the understanding of phase engineering for noble metal-based nanocrystals.

关键词： Potential energy trap Phase modulation Metastable Pd-Te alloys

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Mixing states and secondary formation processes of organic nitrogen-containing single particles in Guangzhou,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 62-73页

作者： Lijun Yun Chunlei Cheng Suxia Yang Zaihua Wang Mei Li Qi En Zhong LiyuanMao Sulin Liu Xiaoya Cheng Duanying Chen Fan Yang Zhen Zhou Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for on-line source apportionment system of air pollutionJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Guangzhou 510632China state Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy ScienceXi’an 710061China Institute for Environment and Climate Research Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong Academy of Sciences Institute of Resources Utilization and Rare Earth DevelopmentGuangzhou 510650China Environmental monitoring Station of Pudong New District Shanghai 201200China

Organic nitrogen(ON)compounds play a significant role in the light absorption of brown carbon and the formation of organic aerosols,however,the mixing state,secondary formation processes,and influencing factors of ON compounds are still *** paper reports on the mixing state of ON-containing particles based on measurements obtained using a highperformance single particle aerosol mass spectrometer in January 2020 in *** ON-containing particles accounted for 21% of the total detected single particles,and the particle count and number fraction of the ON-containing particles were two times higher at night than during the *** prominent increase in the content of ON-containing particles with the enhancement of NO_xmainly occurred at night,and accompanied by high relative humidity and nitrate,which were associated with heterogeneous reactions between organics and gaseous NO_(x)and/or NO_(3)*** synchronous decreases in ON-containing particles and the mass absorption coefficient of water-soluble extracts at 365 nm in the afternoon may be associated with photo-bleaching of the ON species in the *** addition,the positive matrix factorization analysis found five factors dominated the formation processes of ON particles,and the nitrate factor(33%)mainly contributed to the production of ON particles at *** results of this study provide unique insights into the mixing states and secondary formation processes of the ON-containing particles.

关键词： Organic nitrogen compounds Single particles Mixing state Secondary formation Nighttime chemistry

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Modeling and prediction of tribological properties of copper/aluminum-graphite self-lubricating composites using machine learning algorithms

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1322-1340页

作者： Huifeng NING Faqiang CHEN Yunfeng SU Hongbin LI Hengzhong FAN Junjie SONG Yongsheng ZHANG Litian HU School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China state Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The tribological properties of self-lubricating composites are influenced by many variables and complex ***-driven methods,including machine learning(ML)algorithms,can yield a better comprehensive understanding of complex problems under the influence of multiple parameters,typically for how tribological performances and material properties *** of friction coefficients and wear rates of copper/aluminum-graphite(Cu/Al-graphite)self-lubricating composites with their inherent material properties(composition,lubricant content,particle size,processing process,and interfacial bonding strength)and the variables related to the testing method(normal load,sliding speed,and sliding distance)were analyzed using traditional approaches,followed by modeling and prediction of tribological properties through five different ML algorithms,namely support vector machine(SVM),K-Nearest neighbor(KNN),random forest(RF),eXtreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),and least-squares boosting(LSBoost),based on the tribology experimental *** demonstrated that ML models could satisfactorily predict friction coefficient and wear rate from the material properties and testing method variables ***,the LSBoost model based on the integrated learning algorithm presented the best prediction performance for friction coefficients and wear rates,with R^(2) of 0.9219 and 0.9243,*** importance analysis also revealed that the content of graphite and the hardness of the matrix have the greatest influence on the friction coefficients,and the normal load,the content of graphite,and the hardness of the matrix influence the wear rates the most.

关键词： self-lubricating composites machine learning(ML) tribological properties prediction

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Sequential reactant water management by complementary multisite catalysts for surpassing platinum hydrogen evolution activity

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1232-1241页

作者： Yu Lin Defang Ding Shicheng Zhu Qunlei Wen Huangjingwei Li Zhen Li Youwen Liu Yi Shen China Engineering Research center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China state Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology and School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)offers a near-zero-emission approach to advance hydrogen ***,the activity limited by the multiple reaction steps involving H_(2)O molecules transfer,absorption,and activation still unqualified the thresholds of economic ***,we proposed a multisite complementary strategy that incorporates hydrophilic Mo and electrophilic V into Ni-based catalysts to divide the distinct steps on atomically dispersive sites and thus realize sequential regulation of the HER *** Isotopic labeled in situ Raman spectroscopy describes 4-coordinated hydrogen bonded H_(2)O to be free H_(2)O passing the inner Helmholtz plane in the vicinity of the catalysts under the action of hydrophilic Mo ***,potential-dependent electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)reveals that electrophilic V sites with abundant 3d empty orbitals could activate the lone-pair electrons in the free H_(2)O molecules to produce more protic hydrogen,and dimerize into H_(2) at the Ni *** the sequential management of reactive H_(2)O molecules,NiMoV oxides multisite catalysts surpass Pt/C hydrogen evolution activity(49 mV@10 mA∙cm^(-2) over 140 h).Profoundly,this study provides a tangible model to deepen the comprehension of the catalyst–electrolyte interface and create efficient catalysts for diverse reactions.

关键词： hydrogen evolution activity complementary multisite catalysts sequential reactive water management interfacial water molecules

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