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Spatial Dynamics of Chickenpox Outbreaks in Rapidly Developing Regions:Implications for Global Public Health

Biomedical and environmental Sciences 2024年第7期37卷 687-697页

作者： Li Wang Miaomiao Wang Chengdong Xu Peihan Wang Meiying You Zihan Li Xinmei Chen Xinyu Liu Xudong Li Yuanyuan Wang Yuehua Hu Dapeng Yin College of Geography and environmental Science Henan UniversityKaifeng 475001HenanChina state key laboratory of resources and environmental information system Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resource ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101BeijingChina key laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions(Henan University) Ministry of EducationKaifeng 475001HenanChina Office of Epidemiology Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206BeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS) Beijing 100101BeijingChina Weifang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Weifang 261061ShandongChina Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Haikou 570203HainanChina

Objective The occurrence of chickenpox in rapidly developing areas poses substantial seasonal risk to ***,certain factors influencing local chickenpox outbreaks have not been ***,we examined the relationship between spatial clustering,heterogeneity of chickenpox outbreaks,and socioeconomic factors in Southern *** We assessed chickenpox outbreak data from Southern China between 2006 and 2021,comprising both relatively fast-growing parts and slower sub-regions,and provides a representative sample of many developing *** analyzed the spatial clustering attributes associated with chickenpox outbreaks using Moran’s I and local indicators of spatial association and quantified their socioeconomic determinants using Geodetector q *** There were significant spatial heterogeneity in the risk of chickenpox outbreaks,with strong correlations between chickenpox risk and various factors,particularly demographics and living ***,interactive effects among specific are factors,such as population density and per capita residential building area,percentage of households with toilets,percentage of rental housing,exhibited q statistics of 0.28,0.25,and 0.24,*** This study provides valuable insights into the spatial dynamics of chickenpox outbreaks in rapidly developing regions,revealing the socioeconomic factors affecting disease *** implications extend the formulation of effective public health strategies and interventions to prevent and control chickenpox outbreaks in similar global contexts.

关键词： Chickenpox Spatial dynamics Socioeconomic factors

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2000-2021年降水对黄河流域植被和地表水的影响

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第4期34卷 633-653页

作者：时晓蕊杨鹏夏军张永勇黄河清朱艳超 Hubei key laboratory of Regional Ecology and environmental Change School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China National Engineering Research Center for Geographic information system China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China state key laboratory of Water resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China key laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China

The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is a vital ecological zone in China owing to its sensitive and fragile *** the long-term influence of climate changes and artificial factors,the relationship between precipitation,vegetation,and surface water in the YRB has changed drastically,ultimately affecting the water resources and environmental ***,we applied multivariate statistical analysis to investigate the precipitation,normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI),and surface water changes in the YRB from 2000to ***,we attempted to clarify the ecological effects of precipitation by explaining the relationship between precipitation and vegetation in terms of the time-lag relationship using the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement algorithm,Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer,and hydrological ***,vegetation,and area of surface water in the YRB showed increasing trends from 2000–2021 (e.g.,7.215 mm/yr,0.004 NDVI/yr,and 0.932 km^(2)/yr,respectively).The water level in the upper reaches of the YRB showed a downward trend,whereas that in the middle and lower reaches exhibited an upward *** in precipitation had a positive effect on vegetation and surface water in the YRB,with correlation coefficients of 0.63 and0.51,*** responses of NDVI and surface water elevation to precipitation were heterogeneous and delayed,with the majority showing a lag time of approximately≤16 ***,the lag times of Longyangxia Lake and Ngoring-Co Lake were 0 and 8 days,*** showed that precipitation variability can effectively explain vegetation improvement and increases in surface water elevation,while providing a proven scenario for predicting the surface water and vegetation productivity under the influence of climate change.

关键词： precipitation vegetation cover surface water spatial and temporal variation Yellow River Basin

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Cretaceous integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第4期67卷 1229-1289页

作者： Dangpeng XI Guobiao LI Shijun JIANG Xin RAO Tian JIANG Tianyang WANG Zuohuan QIN Yasu WANG Jianzhong JIA Muhammad KAMRAN Zhongye SHI Yuyang WU Panxi WANG Lixin SUN Qinggao ZENG Xiaoqiao WAN state key laboratory of Biogeology and environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 213200China key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Petroleum Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PaleontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China state key laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth system Environmentand Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China National Offshore Oil Corporation Limited Beijing 100028China Shanghai Science and Technology Museum Shanghai 200120China Xizang Bureau of Geological and Mineral Exploration and Development Lhasa 850000China Tianjin Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey Tianjin 300170China

The Cretaceous Period is a vital time interval in deciphering the evolutionary history of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and the convergence of different plates and blocks across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.A detailed stratigraphic framework and paleogeographic patterns are the basis for understanding the evolution of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and the formation of the QinghaiTibetan ***,the Cretaceous stratigraphy,biota,paleogeography,and major geological events in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are analyzed to establish an integrative stratigraphic framework,reconstruct the paleogeography during the Cretaceous Period,and decode the history of the major geological *** Cretaceous rocks of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding area are predominantly marine deposits,with a small amount of interbedded marine-terrestrial and terrestrial *** Indus-Yarlung Tsangpo Suture Zone was responsible for the deposition of deep marine sediments dominated by ophiolite suites and radiolarian *** the south,the Tethys Himalayas and Indus Basin received marine sediments of varying depths and lithology;to the north,the Xigaze and Ladakh forearc basins are also filled with marine *** Lhasa Block,Karakorum Block,western Tarim Basin,and West Burma block consist of shallow marine,interbedded marine-terrestrial,and terrestrial *** Qiangtang Basin and other areas are dominated by terrestrial *** Cretaceous strata of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas are widely distributed and diversified,with abundant foraminifera,calcareous nannofossils,radiolarians,ammonites,bivalves,and *** the basis of integrated lithostratigraphic,biostratigraphic,geochronologic,and chemostratigraphic analyses,we proposed herein a comprehensive stratigraphic framework for the Cretaceous Period of the eastern *** analyzing the Cretaceous biota of different biogeographic zones from eastern Neo-Tethys and its surrounding a

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Tethys Cretaceous Stratigraphy Biota Paleogeography

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东西伯利亚地区植被对气温和降水交互作用的定量化响应

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第2期34卷 355-374页

作者：文可戈李程何剑锋庄大方 state key laboratory of resources and Environment information system Institute of Geographic Sciencesand Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095China

Significant changes to the world’s climate over the past few decades have had an impact on the development of *** in high latitude regions,where the ecosystems are fragile,is susceptible to climate *** is possible to better understand vegetation’s phenological response to climate change by examining these *** studies have mainly investigated how a single meteorological factor affects changes in vegetation phenology through linear correlation analysis,which is insufficient for quantitatively revealing the effects of various climate factor interactions on changes in vegetation *** used the asymmetric Gaussian method to fit the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)curve and then used the dynamic threshold method to extract the phenological parameters,including the start of the season(SOS),end of the season(EOS),and length of the season(LOS),of the vegetation in this study area in the Tundra-Tagar transitional zone in eastern and western Siberia from 2000 to *** monthly temperature and precipitation data used in this study were obtained from the climate research unit(CRU)meteorological *** degrees to which the changes in temperature and precipitation in the various months and their interactions affected the changes in the three phenological parameters were determined using the GeoDetector,and the results were *** findings demonstrate that the EOS was more susceptible to climate change than the *** vegetation phenology shift was best explained by the climate in March,April,and September,and the combined effect of the temperature and precipitation had a greater impact on the change in the vegetation phenology compared with the effects of the individual climate *** results quantitatively show the degree of interaction between the variations in temperature and precipitation and their effects on the changes in the different phenological parameters in the various *** how

关键词： phenology climate change Siberia asymmetric Gaussian function GeoDetector

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Multi-spherical interactions and mechanisms of hydrocarbon enrichment in the Southeast Asian archipelagic tectonic system

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 566-583页

作者： Rixiang ZHU Hongjun WANG Huajian WANG Xiaomei WANG Bo WAN Wang ZHANG Houqin ZHU Yuke LIU Junlai LIU Qingren MENG Fang HAO Zhijun JIN state key laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China state key laboratory of Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and DevelopmentBeijing100083China School of Earth Sciences and resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China state key laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China Institute of Energy Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

Global cooling began since 50 Ma,but a warm climate was maintained in the archipelagic tectonic system in Southeast Asia where a wealth of Cenozoic oil and gas resources was formed and *** the perspective of Earth system,this study analyzes Cenozoic tectonic activities,climatic and environmental evolution,and petroleum enrichment in Southeast Asia,and provides the following insights:(1)Subduction of oceanic plates and the extension of overlying continental lithosphere resulted in widespread volcanic eruptions as well as the formation of rift basins and shallow marine shelves,leading to complex interactions between deep tectonic processes and Earth’s surface including mountains,basins,and seas.(2)Microcontinental accretion and prolonged stay in equatorial low-latitude regions have changed trade winds into monsoons,altered ocean current pathways and flow rates,and profoundly affected rainfall and climate.(3)The archipelagic tectonic system,coupled with a hot and rainy climate,fostered tropical rainforests,mangroves,and phytoplankton,providing abundant organic matter and promoting the development of petroleum resources.(4)Combinations of rift basin development and marine transgression and regression led to an effective superposition of source-reservoir-seal combinations from multiplepetroleum *** deep burial of organic matter and high geothermal gradients facilitated the generation and large-scale accumulation of oil and gas.(5)Multi-spherical(such as atmosphere,biosphere,hydrosphere and lithosphere)interactions on the Earth,which resulted from the convergence of multiple tectonic plates,are believed as the primary driver for exceptional enrichments of Cenozoic oil and gas resources in Southeast *** understandings are significant for developing theories of oil and gas enrichment under the guidance of Earth system *** order to continue making significant oil and gas exploration discoveries in the deep-layers,deep-waters,and unconventio

关键词： Southeast Asia Archipelagic tectonic system Interactions of Earth’s spheres Oil and gas resources Cenozoic

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Energy-Efficient Driving Strategy for High-Speed Trains with Considering the Checkpoints

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第3期33卷 847-858页

作者： Zixuan ZHANG Yuan CAO Shuai SU state key laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University School of Electronic and information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University National Engineering Research Center of Rail Transportation Operation and Control system Beijing Jiaotong University Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway system Beijing Jiaotong University

With rising energy prices and concerns about environmental issues,energy-efficient driving strategies(EEDS) for high-speed trains have received a substantial amount of *** particular,energy-saving schemes play a huge role in reducing the energy and operating costs of *** article studies the EEDS of high-speed trains at a given time.A well-posed model is formulated,in which the constraints of the checkpoints,in addition to the speed limits,vehicle dynamics,and discrete control throttle,are first *** a given control sequence,the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT) conditions are used to obtain the necessary conditions for an *** to several key equations of the necessary conditions,the checkpoint constraints are *** case studies are conducted based on the data of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed line to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： Energy consumption Costs Simulation Mathematical models Energy efficiency Vehicle dynamics Optimization

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What induced the trend shift of mixed-layer depths in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current region in the mid-1980s?

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第1期43卷 11-21页

作者： Shan Liu Jingzhi Su Huijun Wang Cuijuan Sui key laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China Center for Earth system Modeling and Prediction of CMA Beijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

An obvious trend shift in the annual mean and winter mixed layer depth(MLD)in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current(ACC)region was detected during the 1960–2021 *** trends stopped in mid-1980s,followed by a period of weak *** MLD deepening trend difference between the two periods were mainly distributed in the western areas in the Drake Passage,the areas north to Victoria Land and Wilkes Land,and the central parts of the South Indian *** newly formed ocean current shear due to the meridional shift of the ACC flow axis between the two periods is the dominant driver for the MLD trends shift distributed in the western areas in the Drake Passage and the central parts of the South Indian *** saltier trends in the regions north to Victoria Land and Wilkes Land could be responsible for the strengthening mixing processes in this region.

关键词： mixed layer depth trend shift Antarctic Circumpolar Current(ACC) flow axis

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The δN values of foxtail millet（Setaria italica） and common millet（Panicum miliaceum） are reliable indicators of manuring practices

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年

作者： Jishuai YANG Xiaoyan YANG Ting YOU Fahu CHEN key Scientific Research Base of Bioarchaeology in Cold and Arid Regions (National Cultural Heritage Administration) Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou University Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation (ALPHA) State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment (TPESRE) Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences state key laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou University

Millet agriculture, which originated in northern China, alongside rice agriculture, have nurtured the Chinese civilization. Prehistoric manuring practices likely promoted and maintained sustainable millet agricultural production in the loess area of northern China. However, ongoing controversy exists regarding the indicators of prehistoric manuring intensity of foxtail millet(Setaria italica) and common millet(Panicum miliaceum). Here, we present the results of pot and field fertilization experiments on two millet types. Our findings suggest that manuring can significantly increase the δ15N values of foxtail millet,and its δ15N values increase with increasing manuring levels. The δ15N values of foxtail millet leaves are systematically greater than those of grains by approximately 1.6‰. Manuring could have a long-term residual impact on increasing the δ15N values of soil and millet crops. Combined with previous crop fertilization experiment results, we propose that the impact of manuring on the δ15N values of non-nitrogen-fixing crops is roughly consistent. The δ15N value and amount of manure are key factors determining the extent of change in plant δ15N values. The millet grain δ15N values can serve as reliable indicators of manuring practices. Finally, we provide an interpretive framework for assessing the correlation between manuring levels and the δ15N values of archaeological millet remains. The δ15N values of ancient millet grains suggest widespread and intensive manuring practices in prehistoric millet agriculture in northern China, spanning from the early Yangshao period to the Longshan period.

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Facet-dependent transformation and toxicity of nanoscale zinc oxide in the synthetic saliva

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 170-181页

作者： Xiang Zhang Yunpeng Huang Jikun Wang Jie Tang YangMei Nali Zhu Zhigang Li Lingxiangyu Li YaweiWang School of Environment Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China College of resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China state key laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China key laboratory of systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Department of Chemistry University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia 19104USA

The nanoscale zinc oxide(n-ZnO)was used in food packages due to its superior antibac terial activity,resulting in potential intake of n-ZnO through the digestive system,wherein n-ZnO interacted with *** recent,facet engineering,a technique for controlling the exposed facets,was applied to n-ZnO,whereas risk of n-ZnO with specific exposed facets in saliva was *** nanoflakes(ZnO-0001)and nanoneedles(ZnO-1010)with the pri mary exposed facets of{0001}and{1010}respectively were prepared in this study,investigat ing stability and toxicity of ZnO-0001 and ZnO-1010 in synthetic *** ZnO-0001 and ZnO-1010 partially transformed into amorphous Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)within 1 hr in the saliva even containing orgnaic components,forming a ZnO-Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)core-shell *** less,ZnO-1010 relative to ZnO-0001 would likely transform into Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2),being attributed to superior dissolution of{1010}facet due to its lower vacancy formation energy(1.15 eV than{0001}facet(3.90 eV)).The toxicity of n-ZnO to Caco-2 cells was also dependent on the primary exposed facet;ZnO-0001 caused cell toxicity through oxidative stress,whereas ZnO-1010 resulted in lower cells viability than ZnO-0001 through oxidative stress and mem brane *** functional theory calculations illustrated that·O_(2)^(-)was formed and released on{1010}facet,yet O_(2)^(2-)instead of·O_(2)^(-)was generated on{0001}facet,leading to low oxidative stress from *** findings demonstrated that stability and toxicity of n-ZnO were dependent on the primary exposed facet,improving our understanding o health risk of nanomaterials.

关键词： The exposed facet Nanoscale ZnO Chemical transformation Synthetic salica Nanotoxicity

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Modelling analysis embodies drastic transition among global potential natural vegetations in face of changing climate

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 184-192页

作者： Zhengchao Ren Lei Liu Fang Yin Xiaoni Liu School of Earth Science and resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Research Center of Ecological Construction and environmental Conservation in Gansu Province Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou730070China state key laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth system Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China School of Land Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China College of Pratacultural Science Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou730070China

Potential natural vegetation(PNV)is a valuable reference for ecosystem renovation and has garnered increasing attention ***,there is limited knowledge on the spatio-temporal distributions,transitional processes,and underlying mechanisms of global natural vegetation,particularly in the case of ongoing climate *** this study,we visualize the spatio-temporal pattern and inter-transition procedure of global PNV,analyse the shifting distances and directions of global PNV under the influence of climatic disturbance,and explore the mechanisms of global PNV in response to temperature and precipitation *** achieve this,we utilize meteorological data,mainly temperature and precipitation,from six phases:the Last Inter-Glacial(LIG),the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM),the Mid Holocene(MH),the Present Day(PD),2030(20212040)and 2090(2081–2100),and employ a widely-accepted comprehensive and sequential classification sy–stem(CSCS)for global PNV *** find that the spatial patterns of five PNV groups(forest,shrubland,savanna,grassland and tundra)generally align with their respective ecotopes,although their distributions have shifted due to fluctuating temperature and ***,we observe an unexpected transition between tundra and savanna despite their geographical *** shifts in distance and direction of five PNV groups are mainly driven by temperature and precipitation,although there is heterogeneity among these shifts for each ***,the heterogeneity observed among different global PNV groups suggests that they may possess varying capacities to adjust to and withstand the impacts of changing *** spatio-temporal distributions,mutual transitions and shift tendencies of global PNV and its underlying mechanism in face of changing climate,as revealed in this study,can significantly contribute to the development of strategies for mitigating warming and promoting re-vegetation in degraded regions worldwide.

关键词： Potential natural vegetation Global warming Vegetation classification Predicted model CSCS

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