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Influence of supercritical CO_(2)on the physical property of tight sandstone

Petroleum 2024年第3期10卷 520-526页

作者： Huan Peng Jian Yang Junliang Peng Huifen Han Xinghao Gou Yucheng Jia Yibo Li Valeriy Kadet Engineering Technology Research Institute of Southwest oil&gas Field Company PetroChinaChengdu610017China key laboratory of oil&gas Well Stimulation Technology of Southwest oil&gas Field Company Chengdu610017China state key laboratory of oil&gas reservoir geology and exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Gubkin Russia state University of oil and gas Moscow119991Russia

In low-pressure gas reservoirs,water-based fracture fluid is difficult to flowback,which is unfavorable for several tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin with low pressure and high permeability geological *** CO_(2)possesses a number of remarkable physical and chemical features,including a density near to water,a viscosity close to gas,and high *** CO_(2)fracturing is a new type of non-aqueous fracturing method that is favorable to fracturing flowback in low-pressure tight sandstone and has a wide range of *** discuss on whether supercritical CO_(2)fracturing with low pressure tight sandstone is *** sandstone cores from the Jinqiu gas field in the Sichuan Basin were used to study the influence of supercritical CO_(2)on the physical properties of sandstone *** CO_(2)was used to interact with tight sandstone samples,and then the changes in porosity,permeability,and rock microstructure of tight sandstone were observed under various time,pressure,and temperature *** the interaction between tight sandstone and supercritical CO_(2),new dissolution pores will appear,or the original pores will be increased,and the width of some natural fractures will also be increased,and the porosity will increase by 1.09%-8.85%,and the permeability will increase by 2.34%-21.26%,quantifying the influence of supercritical CO_(2)on physical properties of tight sandstone,and further improving the interaction mechanism between supercritical CO_(2)and tight *** study improves in the understanding of the tight sandstone-supercritical CO_(2)interaction mechanism,as well as providing an experimental foundation and technological guarantee for field testing and use of supercritical CO_(2)in low-pressure tight sandstone gas reservoirs.

关键词： Supercritical CO_(2) Low pressure tight sandstone Porosity Permeability Microstructure

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Insights into in-situ imbibition behavior of fracturing fluid in propped shale fractures based on nuclear magnetic resonance:A case study from Longmaxi Formation shale,Sichuan Basin,China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 410-429页

作者： Jing-Jing Guo Kai-Xiang Di Lie-Hui Zhang Yu-Long Zhao Hui-Ying Tang Rui-Han Zhang Ye Tian National key laboratory of oil and gas reservoir geology and exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500SichuanChina

Shale gas is an important component of unconventional oil and gas *** the imbibition behavior is helpful to optimize flowback parameters and enhance gas *** imbibition studies have focused on shale matrix,and the pressure conditions discussed were mostly *** initial imbibition behavior begins from propped fractures to matrix,but there are few studies working on explaining the imbibition behavior in propped fractures or the phenomenon of many shale wells exhibit higher productivity after a“soaking”***,propped fracture samples were designed for imbibition and migration *** order to accurately study the mechanism and main influencing factors of fracturing fluid imbibition and migration in propped and unpropped shale fractures under high temperature and high pressure,a series of experiments based on nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)were carried *** showed that NMR T_(2) spectra of all samples exhibited a bimodal *** final imbibition volume of fracturing fluid was positively related to pressure and fracture *** imbibition effect of fracturing fluid was more evident in matrix pores under high *** the migration during soaking stage,the fracturing fluid gradually migrated from large pores to small pores and gradually displaced the shale gas from the matrix,thus allowing the water blocking in propped fractures to self-unlock to some *** permeability decreased in the imbibition stage,while it recovered in the migration stage to some extent.

关键词： Forced imbibition Migration Soaking NMR T_(2)spectra Propped fracture Permeability recovery

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Experimental study on the sandstone abrasiveness via mineral composition and microstructure analysis

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Petroleum 2024年第3期10卷 440-445页

作者： Xiangchao Shi Yang Tang Shuai Chen Leiyu Gao Yuming Wang state key Lab of oil and gas reservoir geology and exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China

Rock abrasiveness is an important factor affecting the tool's lifetime and efficiency in breaking a *** rock abrasiveness helps in the design,optimization,and mean-life prediction of *** diffraction,cast thin section analysis,and CERCHAR abrasiveness tests were performed on 18 different sandstones to characterize rock abrasiveness and explore new methods for *** relationship between the mineral composition and microstructure of sandstone and abrasiveness was *** results show that different structural maturities have varying effects on *** addition,the higher the structural maturity,the more the ***,in sandstones of the same structural maturity,the abrasiveness increases with equivalent quartz content(EQC).The texture coefficient(TC)and CERCHAR abrasiveness index(CAI)of sandstones with the same structural maturity showed a good linear ***,the correlation coefficients considering the combined parameters are above ***,obtaining the microstructure and mineral composition of sandstone can effectively characterize rock *** also provides a new method for predicting the abrasiveness of the rock in the well.

关键词： Abrasiveness Microstructure Mineral compositions Structural maturity Equivalent quartz content Sandstone

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Analysis of sensitivity to hydrate blockage risk in natural gas gathering pipeline

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2723-2733页

作者： Ao-Yang Zhang Meng Cai Na Wei Hai-Tao Li Chao Zhang Jun Pei Xin-Wei Wang state key laboratory of oil and gas reservoir geology and exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Research Institute of Production Engineering Daqing Oilfield Co.Ltd.

During the operational process of natural gas gathering and transmission pipelines, the formation of hydrates is highly probable, leading to uncontrolled movement and aggregation of hydrates. The continuous migration and accumulation of hydrates further contribute to the obstruction of natural gas pipelines, resulting in production reduction, shutdowns, and pressure build-ups. Consequently, a cascade of risks is prone to occur. To address this issue, this study focuses on the operational process of natural gas gathering and transmission pipelines, where a comprehensive framework is established. This framework includes theoretical models for pipeline temperature distribution, pipeline pressure distribution, multiphase flow within the pipeline, hydrate blockage, and numerical solution methods. By analyzing the influence of inlet temperature, inlet pressure, and terminal pressure on hydrate formation within the pipeline, the sensitivity patterns of hydrate blockage risks are derived. The research indicates that reducing inlet pressure and terminal pressure could lead to a decreased maximum hydrate formation rate, potentially mitigating pipeline blockage during natural gas transportation. Furthermore, an increase in inlet temperature and terminal pressure, and a decrease in inlet pressure, results in a displacement of the most probable location for hydrate blockage towards the terminal station. However,it is crucial to note that operating under low-pressure conditions significantly elevates energy consumption within the gathering system, contradicting the operational goal of energy efficiency and reduction of energy consumption. Consequently, for high-pressure gathering pipelines, measures such as raising the inlet temperature or employing inhibitors, electrical heat tracing, and thermal insulation should be adopted to prevent hydrate formation during natural gas transportation. Moreover, considering abnormal conditions such as gas well production and pipeline network s

关键词： Natural gas hydrates Gathering pipeline Temperature variation Hydrate formation rate Sensitivity analysis

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Application status and research progress of CO_(2) fracturing fluid in petroleum engineering:A brief review

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 1-10页

作者： Jinzhou Zhao Tong Wu Wanfen Pu Du Daijun Qingyuan Chen Bowen Chen Jintao Li Yitao Huang state key laboratory of oil and gas reservoir geology and exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500People's Republic of China Shale gas Research Institute of PetroChina Southwest oil&gas Field Company Chengdu610051People's Republic of China

This paper comprehensively reviews the application and research progress of CO_(2) fracturing fluids in China,highlights the existing issues and puts forward suggestions for future *** types of fracturing fluid systems containing CO_(2),namely,CO_(2) dry fracturing fluid,CO_(2) energized fracturing fluid,and CO_(2) foam fracturing fluid,are categorized based on the mass ratio and process difference between CO_(2),water,and treatment *** applications in China reveal several problem to be resolved:(1)The application scope of CO_(2) fracturing fluids is restricted to depleted reservoirs,re-fracturing of old wells,and medium-deep reservoirs with low formation pressure coefficients;(2)different types of CO_(2) fracturing fluids require different processes and ground supporting equipment;(3)optimization of CO_(2) compatibility,functionality,temperature and salt tolerance,as well as the cost of treatment agents is necessitated;(4)existing CO_(2) fracturing fluid system fail to perform well with low friction,low filtration,and high sand-carrying capacity.(5)there lacks a targeted industry standard for evaluation of performance of CO_(2) fracturing fluid system and treatment ***,in order to meet the goals of CCUS-EOR,CCUS-EGR,or integration of fracturing,displacement and burial by CO_(2),efforts should be made in the aspects that followed,including in-depth investigation of the mechanism of CO_(2) fracturing fluids,the adaptability and compatibility between existing equipment,different CO_(2) fracturing fluid systems and processes,and construction of treatment agents,low-density proppants and highperformance systems of recyclability and *** addition,optimization of CO_(2) fracturing fluid system based fracturing design is also crucial taking such related factors such as overall reservoir geological conditions,petrophysical properties,CO_(2) transportation,and well site layout into consideration.

关键词： reservoir reconstruction CO_(2)fracturing fluid Fracturing fluid system Fracturing displacement burial integration

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Hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff optimization of multiple horizontal wells with complex fracture networks in the M unconventional reservoir

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1018-1031页

作者： Hao-Chuan Zhang Yong Tang You-Wei He Yong Qin Jian-Hong Luo Yu Sun Ning Wang De-Qiang Wang state key laboratory of oil and gas reservoir geology and exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500SichuanChina CNPC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing100083China Southwest oil&gas Field Company PetroChinaChengdu610051SichuanChina state key laboratory of Offshore oil exploitation CNOOC Research Institute Co.LtdBeijing100027China

The oil production of the multi-fractured horizontal wells(MFHWs) declines quickly in unconventional oil reservoirs due to the fast depletion of natural energy. gas injection has been acknowledged as an effective method to improve oil recovery factor from unconventional oil reservoirs. Hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff becomes preferable when the CO_(2) source is limited. However, the impact of complex fracture networks and well interference on the EOR performance of multiple MFHWs is still unclear. The optimal gas huff-n-puff parameters are significant for enhancing oil recovery. This work aims to optimize the hydrocarbon gas injection and production parameters for multiple MFHWs with complex fracture networks in unconventional oil reservoirs. Firstly, the numerical model based on unstructured grids is developed to characterize the complex fracture networks and capture the dynamic fracture ***, the PVT phase behavior simulation was carried out to provide the fluid model for numerical simulation. Thirdly, the optimal parameters for hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff were obtained. Finally, the dominant factors of hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff under complex fracture networks are obtained by fuzzy mathematical method. Results reveal that the current pressure of hydrocarbon gas injection can achieve miscible displacement. The optimal injection and production parameters are obtained by single-factor analysis to analyze the effect of individual parameter. gas injection time is the dominant factor of hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff in unconventional oil reservoirs with complex fracture networks. This work can offer engineers guidance for hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff of multiple MFHWs considering the complex fracture networks.

关键词： Unconventional oil reservoir Complex fracture network Hydrocarbon gas huff-n-puff Parameter optimization Numerical simulation

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A hybrid WUDT-NAFnet for simultaneous source data deblending

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1649-1659页

作者： Chao-Fan Ke Shao-Huan Zu Jun-Xing Cao Xu-Dong Jiang Chao Li Xing-Ye Liu key laboratory of Earth Exploration and Information Technology of Ministry of Education Chengdu University of Technology state key laboratory of oil and gas reservoir geology and exploitation Chengdu University of Technology College of Geophysics Chengdu University of Technology

Simultaneous source technology,which reduces seismic survey time and improves the quality of seismic data by firing more than one source with a narrow time interval,is compromised by the massive blended ***,deblending algorithms have been developed to separate this ***,deep learning(DL)has been proved its great potential in suppressing the *** most popular DL method employs neural network as a filter to attenuate the blended noise in an iterative estimation and subtraction framework(IESF).However,there are still amplitude distortion and blended noise residual problems,especially when dealing with weak signal submerged in strong *** address these problems,we propose a hybrid WUDT-NAFnet,which contains two *** first network is a wavelet based U-shape deblending transformer network(WUDTnet),incorporated into IESF as a robust regularization term to iteratively separate the blended *** second network is a nonlinear activate free network(NAFnet)designed to recover the event amplitude and further suppress the weak noise residual in *** the hybrid network,the blended noise can be separated purposefully and *** using synthetic and field seismic data demonstrate that the WUDTNAFnet outperforms traditional curvelet transform(CT)based method and the deblending transformer(DT)model in terms of ***,for field applications,the data augmentation method of bicubic interpolation is applied to mitigate the feature difference between synthetic and field ***,the trained network exhibits strong signal preservation ability in numerical field example without requiring additional training.

关键词： Simultaneous-source Deblending Deep learning Transformer

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A phase-field model for simulating the propagation behavior of mixed-mode cracks during the hydraulic fracturing process in fractured reservoirs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 911-930页

作者： Dan ZHANG Liangping YI Zhaozhong YANG Jingqiang ZHANG Gang CHEN Ruoyu YANG Xiaogang LI state key laboratory of oil and gas reservoir geology and exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China state key laboratory of oil and gas reservoir geology and exploitation Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Tarim oilfield Company PetroChinaBayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture 841000Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Wuqi oil Production Plant Shaanxi Yanchang PetroleumXi'an 716000China Exploration Division of PetroChina Southwest oil and gasfield Company Chengdu 610041China

A novel phase-field model for the propagation of mixed-mode hydraulic fractures,characterized by the formation of mixed-mode fractures due to the interactions between fluids and solids,is *** this model,the driving force for the phase field consists of both tensile and shear components,with the fluid contribution primarily manifesting in the tension driving *** displacement and pressure are solved simultaneously by an implicit *** numerical solution's iterative format is established by the finite element discretization and Newton-Raphson(NR)iterative *** correctness of the model is verified through the uniaxial compression physical experiments on fluid-pressurized rocks,and the limitations of the hydraulic fracture expansion phase-field model,which only considers mode I fractures,are *** addition,the influence of matrix mode II fracture toughness value,natural fracture mode II toughness value,and fracturing fluid injection rate on the hydraulic fracture propagation in porous media with natural fractures is studied.

关键词： mixed-mode crack hydraulic fracturing poro-elasticity phase-field method(PFM)

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Experimental study on proppant-carrying migration and settlement of slickwater in narrow plate fractures based on PIV/PTV

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Petroleum 2024年第3期10卷 494-510页

作者： Tao Zhang Tang Tang Jianchun Guo Hangyu Zhou Yuxuan Liu Yifan Zhang Xianjin Zeng state key laboratory of oil and gas reservoir geology and exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Hainan Branch of CNOOC Limited HaikouHainan570300China

Hydraulic fracturing is the primary method used for oilfield stimulation,and the migration and settlement pattern of proppant plays a crucial role in the formation of high conductivity propping fractures in the *** study summarizes two growth modes of sand dune:the‘overall longitudinal growth’mode and the‘push growth along fracture length direction’*** investigate these modes,a twophase velocity test is conducted using PIV,and the exposure difference is utilized to separate the tracer and track the single-phase *** analyzing the slickwater flow field and proppant velocity field,the micro-motion mechanism behind the two dune growth modes is quantitatively *** results indicate that mode 1 growth of the sand dune occurs when a pump with a large mesh number,high polymer viscosity,and large displacement is *** the other hand,mode 2 growth is observed when a pump with a small mesh number,low polymer viscosity,and small displacement is *** is important to note that there is no clear boundary for the migration and sedimentation mode of proppant,as they can transition into each other under certain *** modes only exist during specific stages of sand dune *** the case of the‘backflow’pattern,the settlement of proppant is primarily influenced by the vortex structure of ***,in the‘direct’pattern,the proppant is propelled forward by the drag of the fluid and settles due to its own *** the proppant placement reaches equilibrium,the direction of proppant velocity follows a normal distribution within 0°.This approach establishes a connection between the overall placement of the sand dune and the microscopic movement of the proppant and *** construction parameters during fracturing construction can enhance the effectiveness of distal proppant placement in fractures.

关键词： Slickwater fracturing Proppant transport Multiphase flow PIV/PTV

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Implication of Water-Rock Interaction for Enhancing Shale gas Production

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第7期20卷 1441-1462页

作者： Qiuyang Cheng Lijun You Cheng Chang Weiyang Xie Haoran Hu Xingchen Wang Shale gas Research Institute PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyChengdu610056China Sichuan Province key laboratory of Shale gas Evaluation and exploitation PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyChengdu610056China state key laboratory of oil and gas reservoir geology and exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China

Horizontal well drilling and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technologies are at the root of commercial shale gas development and *** these processes,typically,a large amount of working fluid enters the formation,resulting in widespread water-rock *** understanding such effects is required to optimize the production *** this study,the mechanisms of water-rock interaction and the associated responses of shale fabric are systematically reviewed for working fluids such as neutral fluids,acid fluids,alkali fluids and oxidative *** is shown that shale is generally rich in water-sensitive components such as clay minerals,acidsensitive components(like carbonate minerals),alkali-sensitive components(like quartz),oxidative-sensitive components(like organic matter and pyrite),which easily lead to change of rock fabric and mechanical properties owing to water-rock *** to the results,oxidizing acid fluids and oxidizing fracturing fluids should be used to enhance shale gas *** study also indicates that an aspect playing an important role in increasing cumulative gas production is the optimization of the maximum shut-in time based on the change point of the wellhead pressure drop *** important influential factor to be considered is the control of the wellhead pressure considering the stress sensitivity and creep characteristics of the fracture network.

关键词： Shale gas reservoir hydraulic fracturing working fluid water-rock interaction oxidation shut-in production system

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