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Biodegradation of Crystalline Chitin: A Review of Recent Advancement, Challenges, and Future Study Directions

Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第5期23卷 1319-1328页

作者： SONG Jianlin SU Haipeng SUN Jianan MAO Xiangzhao Sanya Institute of Oceanography Ocean University of China State Key Laboratory of Marine food processing and Safety Control College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao Key Laboratory of food Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Biological processing of Aquatic Products China National Light Industry Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Laoshan Laboratory

Chitin is the second most abundant renewable polysaccharide on Earth. The degradation of chitin into soluble and bioactive N-acetyl chitooligosaccharides(NCOSs) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine(GlcNAc) has emerged as a pivotal step in the efficient and sustainable utilization of chitin resources. However, because of its dense structure, high crystallinity, and poor solubility, chitin typically needs pretreatment via chemical, physical, and other methods before enzymatic conversion to enhance the accessibility between substrates and enzyme molecules. Consequently, there has been considerable interest in exploring the direct biological degradation of crystalline chitin as a cost-effective and environment-friendly technology. This review endeavors to present several biological methods for the direct degradation of chitin. We primarily focused on the importance of chitinase containing chitin-binding domain(CBD). Additionally, various modification strategies for increasing the degradation efficiency of crystalline chitin were introduced. Subsequently, the review systematically elucidated critical components of multi-enzyme catalytic systems, highlighting their potential for chitin degradation. Furthermore, the application of microorganisms in the degradation of crystalline chitin was also discussed. The insights in this review contribute to the explorations and investigations of enzymatic and microbial approaches for the direct degradation of crystalline chitin, thereby fostering advancements in biomass conversion.

关键词： biological degradation chitinase crystalline chitin engineering microorganisms

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Variation of microbiological and small molecule metabolite profiles of Nuodeng ham during ripening by high-throughput sequencing and GC-TOF-MS

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2187-2196页

作者： Cong Li Yingling Zou Guozhou Liao Zijiang Yang Dahai Gu Yuehong Pu Changrong Ge Guiying Wang Livestock Product processing and Engineering Technology Research Center of Yunnan Province Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China College of food Science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China

The internal microbial diversity and small molecular metabolites of Nuodeng ham in different processing years(the first,second and third year sample)were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology and gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrography(GC-TOF-MS)to study the effects of microorganisms and small molecular metabolites on the quality of ham in different processing *** results showed that the dominant bacteria phyla of Nuodeng ham in different processing years were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes,the dominant fungi phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota,while Staphylococcus and Aspergillus were the dominant bacteria and fungi of Nuodeng ham,***,252 kinds of small molecular metabolites were identified from Nuodeng ham in different processing years,and 12 different metabolites were screened through multivariate statistical *** metabolic pathway analysis showed that 23 metabolic pathways were related to ham fermentation,of which 8 metabolic pathways had significant effects on ham fermentation(Impact>0.01,P<0.05).The content of L-proline,phenyllactic acid,L-lysine,carnosine,taurine,D-proline,betaine and creatine were significantly positively correlated with the relative abundance of Staphylococcus and Serratia,but negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Halomonas,Aspergillus and Yamadazyma.

关键词： Nuodeng ham Microbial diversity Small molecule metabolites High-throughput sequencing Gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrography

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Phosphatidylcholine protects against the hepatotoxicity of acrylamide via maintaining metabolic homeostasis of glutathione and glycerophospholipid

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yaoran Li Wei Jia Yiju Zhang Yong Wu Li Zhu Jingjing Jiao Yu Zhang Department of Gastroenterology， the First Affiliated Hospital， Zhejiang University School of Medicine，Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food processing， College of Biosystems Engineering and food Science， Zhejiang University Department of Gastroenterology， the First Affiliated Hospital， Zhejiang University School of Medicine， Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food processing， College of Biosystems Engineering and food Science， Zhejiang University College of food Science and Technology， Yunnan Agricultural University College of Chemistry and Life Sciences， Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources， Chengdu Normal University Department of Nutrition， School of Public Health， Department of Clinical Nutrition of Affiliated second Hospital， Zhejiang University School of Medicine

Acrylamide is classified as a Class 2A carcinogen and mainly metabolized to produce hepatotoxicity. Phosphatidylcholine is thought to protect the liver from damage， but the protective role of phosphatidylcholine on acrylamide-exposed metabolic disorders remains unclear. We investigated protective effect of phosphatidylcholine on the hepatic metabolism in rats exposed to acrylamide using metabolomics and molecular biology approaches. Overall， 32 endogenous effect biomarkers and 4 exposure biomarkers were identified as differential signature metabolites responsible for acrylamide exposure and phosphatidylcholine protection. Acrylamide exposure interferes with glutathione metabolism by consuming antioxidant glutathione， cysteine and L-ascorbic acid， and disrupts lipid and carbohydrate metabolism through reducing carnitine content and increasing lipid peroxidation. The phosphatidylcholine treatment reduces the expression of cytochrome P450 2E1， alleviates the oxidative stress and inflammation of the liver， and stabilizes the content of glutathione， and thus alleviates the disorder of glutathione. Meanwhile， phosphatidylcholine shifted acrylamide-induced phosphatidylcholine into lysophosphatidylcholine to storage from lysophosphatidylcholine to diacylglycerol， thereby maintaining metabolic homeostasis of glycerophospholipid. The results suggested that phosphatidylcholine supplementation alleviate the disorder of glutathione and lipid metabolism caused by acrylamide exposure， but not significantly change the levels of mercapturic acid adducts of acrylamide， providing the evidence for phosphatidylcholine protection against acrylamide-induced liver injury.

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Maillard reaction affecting immunobinding activity and digestibility of tropomyosin in Alectryonella plicatula food matrix

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2959-2969页

作者： Chenchen Yu Xinrong He Nairu Ji Shuai Kang Dongxiao Li Huilin Zhang Yang Yang Dong Lai Qingmei Liu Guangming Liu College of Ocean food and Biological Engineering Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional FoodFujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional FoodJimei UniversityXiamen 361021China The second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College Xiamen 361021China

In recent years,the allergy rate of oysters has surged,and daily food processing methods make it hard to reduce heat resistance and digestive allergy such as tropomyosin(TM).In this study,the Maillard reaction with xylose significantly reduced the IgE binding capacity of Alectryonella plicatula food matrix(AFM),that reduced by(77.81±2.68)%.The study found the Maillard reaction changes the structure of the AFM,in which the content ofα-helix decreased by(24.64±1.46)%.Structural transformation further explains why the Maillard reaction alters the immunobinding activity of *** addition,the Maillard reaction reduces the digestive stability of the AFM and makes TM in the *** food matrix Maillard reaction products(AFM-MRPs)more easily *** on the above research,10 amino acids on the 7 IgE epitopes of TM were *** result indicates that the Maillard reaction reduces the immunobinding activity of the AFM by changing the structure and modifying the amino acids on the epitope.

关键词： Alectryonella plicatula food matrix Immunobinding activity Maillard reaction Tropomyosin

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Modification of food protein fibrils: During and after fibrillization

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food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Kefan Ouyang Hexiang Xie Hua Xiong Qiang Zhao Wenjun Wang State Key Laboratory of food Science and Resources， Nanchang University Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional food， College of food Science and Engineering， Jiangxi Agricultural University

Fibrillization endows food proteins with anisotropic nanostructures， significantly enhancing their functional properties. The resultant food protein fibrils (FPFs) have garnered attention for their diverse applications across the food industry. However， the full potential of FPFs is hindered by inherent challenges， particularly their limited stability. This review critically examines the formation of FPFs in food processing， the new protein sources， and on the modification strategies of FPFs， thereby unlocking new avenues for FPF utilization in food processing. In particular， the strategies during and after fibrillization are highlighted. The first strategy is to modify the structure and function of protein fibrils by influencing fibrillization， such as through pretreatment， incubation conditions， nuclei induction， and ingredient interactions. The second strategy is to modify the mature FPFs by regulating their properties and interactions with other components. The review also discusses the potential applications and challenges of FPFs in food systems， such as food preservation， functional food design， and novel delivery carriers.

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STUDIES ON ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF GLUCAGON

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1981年第2期26卷 191-192页

作者：尚克进凌启阆李建民李翠凤江南王风珍 Section of Biochemistry Nankai University the second food processing factory Tianjin the second food processing factory

Glucagon is a polypeptide hormone of 29 amino acids which is synthesized by the α-cell of the islets of Langerhans of pancreas. One of its effects is to cause glycogenolysis and an increase in blood suger. In recent years it has been found that glucagon has several biological effects including the effect on contractility in cardiac muscle. Much attention has been drawn to this Subject. Since the strueture of glucagon is rather flexible, it is readily attcked by

关键词： glucagon Langerhans pancreas readily polypeptide drawn filtration Insulin isolation resin

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Sorghum Productivity and Its Farming Feasibility in Dryland Agriculture:Genotypic and Planting Distance Insights

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第5期93卷 1007-1021页

作者： Kristamtini Sugeng Widodo Heni Purwaningsih Arlyna Budi Pustika Setyorini Widyayanti Arif Muazam Arini Putri Hanifa Joko Triastono Dewi Sahara Heni Sulistyawati Purwaning Rahayu Pandu Laksono Diah Arina Fahmi Sutardi Joko Pramono Rachmiwati Yusuf Research Center for food Crops National Research and Innovation AgencyJl.Raya Bogor-JakartaCibinong Bogor16911Indonesia Research Center for Behavioral and Circular Economics National Research and Innovation AgencyJl.Jend.Gatot Subroto No.10Jakarta12710Indonesia Research Center for food Technology and processing National Research and Innovation AgencyJl.Jogja-Wonosari Km 31.5 GadingPlayenGunungkidulYogyakarta5586Indonesia Research Center for Horticultural and Estate Crops National Research and Innovation AgencyJl.Raya Jakarta-BogorCibinongKabupaten Bogor16915Indonesia

Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor ***)is an essential food crop for more than 750 million people in tropical and sub-tropical dry climates of Africa,India,and Latin *** domestic sorghum market in Indonesia is still limited to the eastern region(East Nusa Tenggara,West Nusa Tenggara,Java,and South Sulawesi).Therefore,it is crucial to carry out sorghum research on *** research aimed to investigate the effect of sorghum genotype and planting distance and their interaction toward growth and sorghum’s productivity in the Gunungkidul dryland,Yogyakarta,*** addition,the farm business analysis,including the feasibility of sorghum farming,was also *** research used a randomized complete block design(RCBD),arranged in a 5×4 factorial with 3 *** first treatment consisted of 5 varieties(2 high-yielding varieties(Bioguma 1 and Kawali)and 3 local sorghum varieties(Plonco,Ketan Merah,and Hitam Wareng)).The second treatment consisted of 4 levels of planting distance,namely 50×20 cm,60×20 cm,70×15 cm,and 70×20×20 *** of variance was used to analyze the data,where Duncan’s multiple range test(DMRT)was used post *** height,panicle height,panicle width,panicle weight,stover weight,grains weight/plot,and productivity were significantly affected by sorghum varieties(p<0.05).However,there was no significant effect from the planting distance treatment and no interaction between planting distance and varietal *** Merah had the highest height,panicle length,and panicle width,while Bioguma 1 had the highest stover weight,panicle weight,grain weight/plot,and *** was a significant linear regression equation,i.e.,productivity=0.0054–0.0003 panicle height+0.4163 grains weight/*** findings on farm business analysis suggested that four out of five tested sorghum varieties were feasible to grow,except for the Ketan Merah *** most economically profitable sorghum variety to grow in Gunungkidul dryland was

关键词： Sorghum dryland agriculture planting space variety local Gunungkidul

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Effect of solid-solution treatment on corrosion and electrochemical behaviors of Mg-15Y alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第11期30卷 1158-1167页

作者：张新张奎李兴刚邓霞李永军马鸣龙石阳 State Key Laboratory for Fabrication and processing of Nonferrous Metals General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Military Representative Office of People's Liberation Army Stationed in 618 factory

The effect of solid-solution treatment on corrosion and electrochemical mechanisms of Mg-15Y alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was investigated by electrochemical testing, immersion testing and SEM observation. The results indicated that the corrosion resistance of Mg-15Y sample gradually deteriorated with immersion time increasing, which was consistent with the observation of corrosion morphologies. The solid-solution treatment decreased the amounts of second phase Mg24Ys. The Ecor~ and corrosion rate of as-cast samples were both lower than those of solid solution-treated samples, and both increased with increment of solid solution-treated time. The corrosion mechanism was proposed for the galvanic, pitting and filiform corrosion which varied with the immersion time and solid-solution treatment.

关键词： Mg-15Y alloy polarization curves oittin corrosion solid-solution treatment rare earths

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Diagnostic and prognostic role of LINC01767 in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第6期16卷 932-950页

作者： Li Zhang Tong-Xing Cui Xiang-Zhi Li Chong Liu Wen-Qin Wang Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery The Affiliated People Hospital of Second Medical UniversityWeifang 266010Shandong ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery Qingdao Municipal Hospital GroupQingdao 266237Shandong ProvinceChina School of Life Sciences Shandong University(Qingdao)Qingdao 26637Shandong ProvinceChina School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a primary contributor to cancer-related mortality on a global ***,the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly *** noncoding RNAs are emerging markers for HCC diagnosis,prognosis,and therapeutic *** study of LINC01767 in HCC was *** To conduct a multi-omics analysis to explore the roles of LINC01767 in HCC for the first *** DESeq2 Package was used to analyze different gene *** operating characteristic curves assessed the diagnostic ***-Meier univariate and Cox multivariate analyses were used to perform survival *** least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)-Cox was used to identify the prediction *** to the validation of LINC01767 expression in HCC fresh frozen tissues through quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction,next generation sequencing was performed following LINC01767 over expression(GSE243371),and Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes/Gene Set Enrichment Analysis/ingenuity pathway analysis was carried *** vitro experiment in Huh7 cell was carried *** LINC01767 was down-regulated in HCC with a log fold change=1.575 and was positively correlated with the cancer ***01767 was a good diagnostic marker with area under the curve(AUC)[0.801,95% confidence interval(CI):0.751-0.852,P=0.0106]and an independent predictor for overall survival(OS)with hazard ratio=1.899(95%CI:1.01-3.58,P=0.048).LINC01767 nomogram model showed a satisfied *** top-ranked regulatory network analysis of LINC01767 showed the regulation of genes participating various *** regression identified the 9-genes model showing a more satisfied performance than 5-genes model to predict the OS with AUC>***01767 was down-expressed obviously in tumor than para-tumor tissues in our cohort as well as in cancer cell line;the over expression of LINC01767 inhibit cell prolifer

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma LINC01767 Multi-omics analysis GSE243371 Cell proliferation Clone formation

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Germinated brown rice relieves hyperlipidemia by alleviating gut microbiota dysbiosis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第3期22卷 945-957页

作者： REN Chuan-ying ZHANG Shan HONG Bin GUAN Li-jun HUANG Wen-gong FENG Jun-ran SHA Di-xin YUAN Di LI Bo JI Ni-na LIU Wei LU Shu-wen food processing Research Institute Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150086P.R.China Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of food processing Harbin 150086P.R.China Safety and Quality Institute of Agricultural Products Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150086P.R.China Soybean Research Institute Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150086P.R.China The second Affiliated Hospital Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150086P.R.China

Hyperlipidemia is a frequent metabolic disorder that is closely associated with diet. It is believed that brown rice, containing the outer bran layer and germ, is beneficial for the remission of hyperlipidemia. This study established a rat model of hyperlipidemia by feeding a high-fat diet. The hypolipidemic potential of germinated brown rice(Gbrown) and germinated black rice(a germinated black-pigmented brown rice, Gblack) were explored in the model rats, mainly in the aspects of blood lipids, lipases, apolipoproteins, and inflammation. The gut microbiota in hyperlipidemic rats receiving diverse dietary interventions was determined by 16S rDNA sequencing. The results showed that the intervention of Gbrown/Gblack alleviated the hyperlipidemia in rats, evidenced by decreased TC, TG, LDL-C, and apolipoprotein B, and increased HDL-C, HL, LPL, LCAT, and apolipoprotein A1. Gbrown/Gblack also weakened the inflammation in hyperlipidemia rats, evidenced by decreased TNF-α, IL-6, and ET-1. In addition, 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that the diet of Gbrown/Gblack elevated the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota in hyperlipidemia rats. At the phylum level, Gbrown/Gblack decreased Firmicutes, increased Bacteroidetes, and decreased the F/B ratio in hyperlipidemia rats. At the genus level, Gbrown/Gblack decreased Streptococcus and increased Ruminococcus and Allobaculum in hyperlipidemia rats. Some differential microbial genera relating to lipid metabolism were also determined, such as the Lachnospira and Ruminococcus in the Gblack group, and the Phascolarctobacterium, Dorea, Turicibacter, and Escherichia-Shigella in the Gbrown group. Notably, the beneficial effect of Gblack was stronger than Gbrown. To sum up, the dietary interventions of Gbrown/Gblack contributed to the remission of hyperlipidemia by alleviating the dysbiosis of gut microbiota.

关键词： hyperlipidemia germination brown rice black rice gut microbiota

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