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Neuroprotective potential for mitigating ischemia-reperfusion-induced damage

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2199-2217页

作者： Zi Ye Runqing Liu Hangxing Wang Aizhen Zuo Cen Jin Nan Wang Huiqi Sun Luqian Feng Hua Yang The clinical medical college Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal MedicinePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina School of medical Imaging Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Division of Gastroenterology First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina The second clinical medical college Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina

Reperfusion following cerebral ischemia causes both structural and functional damage to brain tissue and could aggravate a patient's condition;this phenomenon is known as cerebral ischemia-reperfusion *** studies have elucidated the neuroprotective role of the sirtuin protein family(Sirtuins)in modulating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion ***,the potential of utilizing it as a novel intervention target to influence the prognosis of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury requires additional *** this review,the origin and research progress of Sirtuins are summarized,suggesting the involvement of Sirtuins in diverse mechanisms that affect cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury,including inflammation,oxidative stress,blood-brain barrier damage,apoptosis,pyroptosis,and *** therapeutic avenues related to Sirtuins that may improve the prognosis of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury were also investigated by modulating Sirtuins expression and affecting representative pathways,such as nuclear factor-kappa B signaling,oxidative stress mediated by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase,and the forkhead box *** review also summarizes the potential of endogenous substances,such as RNA and hormones,drugs,dietary supplements,and emerging therapies that regulate Sirtuins *** review also reveals that regulating Sirtuins mitigates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury when combined with other risk *** Sirtuins show promise as a potential target for the treatment of cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury,most recent studies are based on rodent models with circadian rhythms that are distinct from those of humans,potentially influencing the efficacy of Sirtuinstargeting drug ***,this review provides new insights into the role of Sirtuins in the pathology and treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

关键词： apoptosis autophagy blood-brain barrier dietary supplements drug hormones inflammation neuroprotection oxidative stress prognosis pyroptosis reperfusion injury risk factors RNA therapeutics

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Interaction of major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2A with the blood-brain barrier

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2133-2152页

作者： Yilun Ma Taiwei Dong Fei Luan Juanjuan Yang Feng Miao Peifeng Wei college of Pharmacy and First clinical medical college Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangShaanxi ProvinceChina National Drug clinical Trial Agency The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine/Xixian New District Central HospitalXi′anShaanxi ProvinceChina

The functional and structural integrity of the blood-brain barrier is crucial in maintaining homeostasis in the brain microenvironment;however,the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation and function of the blood-brain barrier remain poorly *** major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2A has been identified as a key regulator of blood-brain barrier *** plays a critical role in promoting and maintaining the formation and functional stability of the blood-brain barrier,in addition to the transport of lipids,such as docosahexaenoic acid,across the blood-brain ***,an increasing number of studies have suggested that major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2A is involved in the molecular mechanisms of blood-brain barrier dysfunction in a variety of neurological diseases;however,little is known regarding the mechanisms by which major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2A affects the blood-brain *** paper provides a comprehensive and systematic review of the close relationship between major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2A proteins and the blood-brain barrier,including their basic structures and functions,cross-linking between major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2A and the blood-brain barrier,and the in-depth studies on lipid transport and the regulation of blood-brain barrier *** comprehensive systematic review contributes to an in-depth understanding of the important role of major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2A proteins in maintaining the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier and the research progress to *** will not only help to elucidate the pathogenesis of neurological diseases,improve the accuracy of laboratory diagnosis,and optimize clinical treatment strategies,but it may also play an important role in prognostic *** addition,the effects of major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2A on blood-brain barrier lea

关键词： blood-brain barrier(BBB) caveolin-1 central nervous system docosahexaenoic acid endothelial cells lysophosphatidylcholine major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2A(MFSD2A) transcytosis

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Human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles protect against ischemic stroke by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3245-3258页

作者： Jiayi Wang Mengke Zhao Dong Fu Meina Wang Chao Han Zhongyue Lv Liang Wang Jing Liu Stem Cell clinical Research Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning ProvinceChina dalian Innovation Institute of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine DalianLiaoning ProvinceChina Institute(college)of Integrative Medicine Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning ProvinceChina

Human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles exhibit analogous functions to their parental cells,and can thus be used as substitutes for stem cells in stem cell therapy,thereby mitigating the risks of stem cell therapy and advancing the frontiers of stem cell-derived *** lays a foundation for the development of potentially potent new treatment modalities for ischemic ***,the precise mechanisms underlying the efficacy and safety of human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles remain unclear,presenting challenges for clinical *** promote the translation of therapy based on human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles from the bench to the bedside,we conducted a comprehensive preclinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in the treatment of ischemic *** found that administration of human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles to an ischemic stroke rat model reduced the volume of cerebral infarction and promoted functional recovery by alleviating neuronal *** human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles reduced neuronal apoptosis by enhancing phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase,mammalian target of rapamycin,and protein kinase B,and these effects were reversed by treatment with a phosphoinositide 3-kinase *** findings suggest that human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles play a neuroprotective role in ischemic stroke through activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling ***,we showed that human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles have a good in vivo safety ***,human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles are a promising potential agent for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

关键词： behavior exosome extracellular vesicles ischemic stroke mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) middle cerebral artery occlusion neural stem cells neuronal apoptosis phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K) protein kinase B(AKT)

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Advances in genotypic antimicrobialresistance testing: a comprehensive review

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 130-143页

作者： Boheng Duan Xianjun Zeng Junping Peng Huan Kui college of Nanchang university Department of Imaging The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens National Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and MultimorbidityNational Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Antimicrobial resistance(AMR) represents a substantial threat to global public health, complicating the treatment of common infections and leading to prolonged illness and escalated healthcare expenses. To effectively combat AMR, timely and accurate detection is crucial for AMR surveillance and individual-based therapy. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance testing(AST) has long been considered the gold standard in clinical applications, serving as the foundation for clinical AMR diagnosis and optimized therapy. It has significantly contributed to ensuring patients′ health and the development of novel antimicrobials. Despite advancements in automated culture-based AST technologies,inherent limitations impede the widespread use of phenotypic AST in AMR surveillance. Genotypic AST technologies offer a promising alternative option, exhibiting advantages of rapidity, high sensitivity, and specificity. With the continuous advancement and expanding applications of genotypic AST technologies, such as microfluidics, mass spectrometry, and high-resolution melting curve analysis, new vigor has been injected into the development and clinical implementation of genotypic AST technologies. In this narrative review, we discuss the principles, applications, and advancements of emerging genotypic AST methods in clinical settings. The comprehensive review aims to highlight the significant scientific potential of emerging genotypic AST technologies in clinical AMR diagnosis, providing insights to enhance existing methods and explore novel approaches.

关键词： antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genotypic antibiotic resistance testing (AST) AST technologies review

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Ketogenic diet and cancer:multidimensional exploration and research

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Shiyun Wan Xiaoxue Zhou Feng Xie Fangfang Zhou Long Zhang The First affiliated Hospital the Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences Suzhou Medical College Soochow University School of Medicine Hangzhou City University Life Sciences Institute and State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices of the second affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang university School of Medicine Zhejiang University The MOE Basic Research and Innovation Center for the Targeted Therapeutics of Solid Tumors The First Affiliated Hospital Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University Cancer Center Zhejiang university

The ketogenic diet(KD) has attracted attention in recent years for its potential anticancer effects. KD is a dietary structure of high fat,moderate protein, and extremely low carbohydrate content. Originally introduced as a treatment for epilepsy, KD has been widely applied in weight loss programs and the management of metabolic diseases. Previous studies have shown that KD can potentially inhibit the growth and spread of cancer by limiting energy supply to tumor cells, thereby inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, reducing oxidative stress in normal cells, and affecting cancer cell signaling and other processes. Moreover, KD has been shown to influence T-cell-mediated immune responses and inflammation by modulating the gut microbiota, enhance the efficacy of standard cancer treatments, and mitigate the complications of chemotherapy. However, controversies and uncertainties remain regarding the specific mechanisms and clinical effects of KD as an adjunctive therapy for cancer. Therefore, this review summarizes the existing research and explores the intricate relationships between KD and cancer treatment.

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Hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect neurons from cardiac arrest-induced pyroptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1103-1123页

作者： Xiahong Tang Nan Zheng Qingming Lin Yan You Zheng Gong Yangping Zhuang Jiali Wu Yu Wang Hanlin Huang Jun Ke Feng Chen Shengli clinical medical college of Fujian medical university Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Emergency Fujian Provincial HospitalFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine FuzhouFujian ProvinceChina The second Department of Intensive Care Unit Fujian Provincial Hospital South BranchFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Cardiac arrest can lead to severe neurological impairment as a result of inflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,and post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation neurological *** preconditioning has been shown to improve migration and survival of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells and reduce pyroptosis after cardiac arrest,but the specific mechanisms by which hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells protect against brain injury after cardiac arrest are *** this end,we established an in vitro co-culture model of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells and oxygen–glucose deprived primary neurons and found that hypoxic preconditioning enhanced the protective effect of bone marrow stromal stem cells against neuronal pyroptosis,possibly through inhibition of the MAPK and nuclear factor κB ***,we transplanted hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle after the return of spontaneous circulation in an 8-minute cardiac arrest rat model induced by *** results showed that hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly reduced cardiac arrest–induced neuronal pyroptosis,oxidative stress,and mitochondrial damage,whereas knockdown of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase in bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibited these *** conclude,hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells offer a promising therapeutic approach for neuronal injury following cardiac arrest,and their beneficial effects are potentially associated with increased expression of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase following hypoxic preconditioning.

关键词： bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells cardiac arrest cardiac resuscitation hypoxic preconditioning liver isoform of phosphofructokinase mitochondria neuroinflammation oxidative stress pyroptosis reactive oxygen species

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Liver as a new target organ in Alzheimer's disease:insight from cholesterol metabolism and its role in amyloid-beta clearance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 695-714页

作者： Beibei Wu Yuqing Liu Hongli Li Lemei Zhu Lingfeng Zeng Zhen Zhang Weijun Peng Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese&Western Medicine The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Academician Workstation Changsha Medical UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Yangsheng college of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Qinhuangdao Shanhaiguan Pharmaceutical Co. LtdQinhuangdaoHebei ProvinceChina National clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Alzheimer's disease,the primary cause of dementia,is characterized by neuropathologies,such as amyloid plaques,synaptic and neuronal degeneration,and neurofibrillary *** amyloid plaques are the primary characteristic of Alzheimer's disease in the central nervous system and peripheral organs,targeting amyloid-beta clearance in the central nervous system has shown limited clinical efficacy in Alzheimer's disease *** abnormalities are commonly observed in patients with Alzheimer's *** liver is the primary peripheral organ involved in amyloid-beta metabolism,playing a crucial role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's ***,impaired cholesterol metabolism in the liver may exacerbate the development of Alzheimer's *** this review,we explore the underlying causes of Alzheimer's disease and elucidate the role of the liver in amyloid-beta clearance and cholesterol ***,we propose that restoring normal cholesterol metabolism in the liver could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for addressing Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： ABCA1 Alzheimer's disease amyloid-beta apolipoprotein E cholesterol metabolism liver liver X receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 peripheral clearance tauroursodeoxycholic acid

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Fish oil alleviates liver injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion via AMPK/SIRT-1/autophagy pathway

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第7期24卷 833-843页

作者： Hui-rong Jing Fu-wen Luo Xing-ming Liu Xiao-Feng Tian Yun Zhou Department of General Surgery Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Department of clinical Nutrition Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University

AIM To evaluate whether fish oil(FO) can protect liver injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) via the AMPK/SIRT-1/autophagy *** Ischemia in wistar rats was induced by superior mesenteric artery occlusion for 60 min and reperfusion for 240 min. One milliliter per day of FO emulsion or normal saline was administered by intraperitoneal injection for 5 consecutive days to each animal. Animals were sacrificed at the end of reperfusion. Blood andtissue samples were collected for analyses. AMPK, SIRT-1, and Beclin-1 expression was determined in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated HepG2 cells with or without FO emulsion *** Intestinal I/R induced significant liver morphological changes and increased serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels. Expression of p-AMPK/AMPK, SIRT-1, and autophagy markers was decreased whereas tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and malonaldehyde(MDA) were increased. FO emulsion blocked the changes of the above indicators effectively. Besides, in LPS-stimulated HepG2 cells, small interfering RNA(siRNA) targeting AMPK impaired the FO induced increase of p-AMPK, SIRT-1, and Beclin-1 and decrease of TNF-α and MDA. SIRT-1 siRNA impaired the increase of SIRT-1 and Beclin-1 and the decrease of TNF-α and *** Our study indicates that FO may protect the liver against intestinal I/R induced injury through the AMPK/SIRT-1/autophagy pathway.

关键词： fish oil AMPK/SIRT1/autophagy liver injury intestinal ischemia/reperfusion

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Gut-brain axis as a bridge in obesity and depression:Mechanistic exploration and therapeutic prospects

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 12-20页

作者： Rui-Ying Fang Xiao-Rui Pan Xin-Xing Zeng Zheng-Zheng Li Bo-Fan Chen Hai-Min Zeng Jie Peng The second clinical medical college The Second Affiliated HospitalJiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina

A recent study by Wang et al,published in the World Journal of Psychiatry,provided preventative and therapeutic strategies for the comorbidity of obesity and *** gut-brain axis,which acts as a two-way communication system between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system,plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of these *** suggests that metabolic byproducts,such as short-chain fatty acids,lipopolysaccharide and bile acids,which are generated by the gut microbiota,along with neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators within the gut-brain axis,modulate the host's metabolic processes,neuronal regulation,and immune responses through diverse *** interaction between obesity and depression via the gut-brain axis involves disruptions in the gut microbiota balance,inflammatory immune responses,and alterations in the neuroendocrine *** the gut-brain axis,for example,through a ketogenic diet,the use of probiotics,and the supplementation of antioxidants,offers new remedial approaches for obesity and *** research that explores the mechanisms of the gut-brain axis is needed to provide more evidence for clinical treatment.

关键词： Gut-brain axis Obesity Depression Gut microbiota Mechanism

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Impacts of androgen deprivation therapy on the risks and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第3期25卷 366-374页

作者： Yuan-Bin Huang Wei-Lin Li Man Sun Xu Duan Yu-Tong Wang Lu-Xin Zhang Zi-Han Xin Zhi-Fei Yun Bo Fan Xian-Cheng Li Department of Urology Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116000China second clinical college Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116000China First clinical college Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116000China Department of Nephrology Sino-Japanese Friendship Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130031China

Studies have investigated the effects of androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)use on the incidence and clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19);however,the results have been *** searched the PubMed,Medline,Cochrane,Scopus,and Web of Science databases from inception to March 2022;13 studies covering 84003 prostate cancer(PCa)patients with or without ADT met the eligibility criteria and were included in the *** calculated the pooled risk ratios(RRs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)to explore the association between ADT use and the infection risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and severity of *** synthesizing the evidence,the pooled RR in the SARS-CoV-2 positive group was equal to 1.17,and the SARS-CoV-2 positive risk in PCa patients using ADT was not significantly different from that in those not using ADT(P=0.544).Moreover,no significant results concerning the beneficial effect of ADT on the rate of intensive care unit admission(RR=1.04,P=0.872)or death risk(RR=1.23,P=0.53)were ***,PCa patients with a history of ADT use had a markedly higher COVID-19 hospitalization rate(RR=1.31,P=0.015)than those with no history of ADT *** findings indicate that ADT use by PCa patients is associated with a high risk of hospitalization during infection with SARS-CoV-2.A large number of high quality studies are needed to confirm these results.

关键词： androgen deprivation therapy coronavirus disease 2019 meta-analysis prostate cancer severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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