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Deep learning-based software engineering: progress,challenges, and opportunities

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 57-144页

作者： Xiangping CHEN Xing HU Yuan HUANG He JIANG Weixing JI Yanjie JIANG Yanyan JIANG Bo LIU Hui LIU Xiaochen LI Xiaoli LIAN Guozhu MENG Xin PENG Hailong SUN Lin SHI Bo WANG Chong WANG Jiayi WANG Tiantian WANG Jifeng XUAN Xin XIA Yibiao YANG Yixin YANG Li ZHANG Yuming ZHOU Lu ZHANG school of Journalism and Communication Sun Yat-sen University school of Software Technology Zhejiang University school of Software engineering Sun Yat-sen University school of Software Dalian University of Technology school of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies (Peking University) Ministry of EducationSchool of Computer Science Peking University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University school of Computer Science and engineering Beihang University Institute of Information engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences school of Computer Science Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Complex & Critical Software environment (CCSE) School of Software Beihang University school of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University school of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology school of Computer Science Wuhan University Huawei Technologies

Researchers have recently achieved significant advances in deep learning techniques, which in turn has substantially advanced other research disciplines, such as natural language processing, image processing, speech recognition, and software engineering. Various deep learning techniques have been successfully employed to facilitate software engineering tasks, including code generation, software refactoring, and fault localization. Many studies have also been presented in top conferences and journals, demonstrating the applications of deep learning techniques in resolving various software engineering tasks. However,although several surveys have provided overall pictures of the application of deep learning techniques in software engineering,they focus more on learning techniques, that is, what kind of deep learning techniques are employed and how deep models are trained or fine-tuned for software engineering tasks. We still lack surveys explaining the advances of subareas in software engineering driven by deep learning techniques, as well as challenges and opportunities in each subarea. To this end, in this study, we present the first task-oriented survey on deep learning-based software engineering. It covers twelve major software engineering subareas significantly impacted by deep learning techniques. Such subareas spread out through the whole lifecycle of software development and maintenance, including requirements engineering, software development, testing, maintenance, and developer collaboration. As we believe that deep learning may provide an opportunity to revolutionize the whole discipline of software engineering, providing one survey covering as many subareas as possible in software engineering can help future research push forward the frontier of deep learning-based software engineering more systematically. For each of the selected subareas,we highlight the major advances achieved by applying deep learning techniques with pointers to the available datasets i

关键词： deep learning software engineering software benchmark software artifact representation survey

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Constructing electrochemically stable single crystal Ni-rich cathode material via modification with high valence metal oxides

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第02期101卷 392-401页

作者： Hancheng Shi Jiongzhi Zheng Tao Wan Hongqiang Wang Zeping Wen Fenghua Zheng Mingru Su Aichun Dou Yu Zhou Ahmad Naveed Panpan Zhang Hailong Wang Ruiqiang Guo Yunjian Liu Dewei Chu school of Material Science and engineering Jiangsu University Thayer school of engineering Dartmouth College school of Materials Science and engineering The University of New South Wales school of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangxi Normal University school of Materials and New Energy Ningxia University Thermal Science Research Center Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology

Single crystal Ni-rich cathode materials（SCNCM） are a good supplement in the market of nickel-based materials due to their safety and excellent electrochemical ***,the challenges of cation mixing,phase change during charge/discharge,and low thermal stability remain unresolved in single crystal *** address these issues,SCNCM are rationally modified by incorporating transition metal（TM） oxides,and the influence of metal ions with different valence states on the electrochemical properties of SCNCM is methodically explored through experimental results and theoretical *** structural stability is demonstrated in SCNCM after the modifications,and the degree of improvement in the matrix materials varies depending on the valence state of doped TM *** highest structural stability is found in WO3-modified SCNCM,due to the smaller effective ion radii,higher electro-negativity,stronger W-O bond,and efficient suppression of oxygen vacancy *** a result,WO3-modified SCNCM have outstanding cycle performance,with a capacity retention rate of90.2% after 200 *** study provides an insight into the design of advanced SCNCM with enhanced reversibility and cyclability.

关键词： In-situ coating Ion doping Lithium-ion battery Single crystal Ni-rich material Strengthening mechanism analysis

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Mining Subsidence Based on Integrated SBAS-InSAR and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Technology

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2025年第1期24卷 113-129页

作者： CHEN Xuewei CHEN Jianping WANG Genhou ZHANG Qian ZHENG Yanwei school of Earth Sciences and resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Research for Land resources Information Beijing 100083China

The Small Baseline Subset InSAR(SBAS-InSAR)and unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)as common ocean-land technologies,have been extensively applied in subsidence,glacial movement,surface deformation,and maritime positioning and navigation.A novel method integrating SBAS-InSAR and UAV photogrammetry is used to analyze ground subsidence deformation in the Gesar gold mine located in Maqu,Northwest *** approach uses SBAS-InSAR to calculate two-dimensional deformation data for capturing ascending and descending *** method can provide precise information on small-sized deformations within mining *** deformation data obtained from UAVs and the vertical deformation data derived from InSAR are integrated to generate comprehensive and accurate ground subsidence data from the mining *** demonstrate that using a combined InSAR(vertical)and UAV technique to analyze surface subsidence in mining districts resolves inconsistency between the line-of-sight and deformation ***,the incoherence issue of InSAR in regions with large deformation gradients is addressed,while the inherent errors of UAV monitoring of mining surface subsidence are *** genetic algorithm(GA)-backpropagation(BP)neural network algorithm is combined with InSAR data to predict subsidence in collapsed *** observed,the GA-BP algorithm has the smallest residual under the same training ***,the GA-BP neural network model can effectively predict surface subsidence in mining areas and can be used for subsequent subsidence prediction.

关键词： SBAS-InSAR two-dimensional deformation solution UAV photogrammetry data fusion subsidence prediction

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An extended discontinuous deformation analysis for simulation of grouting reinforcement in a water-rich fractured rock tunnel

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2025年第1期17卷 168-186页

作者： Jingyao Gao Siyu Peng Guangqi Chen Hongyun Fan Department of Civil and Structural engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuoka819-0395Japan school of resources and Safety engineering Central South UniversityChangshaHunan410083China school of Civil and Transportation engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China school of Qilu Transportation Shandong UniversityJinanShandong250000China

Grouting has been the most effective approach to mitigate water inrush disasters in underground engineering due to its ability to plug groundwater and enhance rock ***,there is a lack of potent numerical tools for assessing the grouting effectiveness in water-rich fractured *** this study,the hydro-mechanical coupled discontinuous deformation analysis(HM-DDA)is inaugurally extended to simulate the grouting process in a water-rich discrete fracture network(DFN),including the slurry migration,fracture dilation,water plugging in a seepage field,and joint reinforcement after *** validate the capabilities of the developed method,several numerical examples are conducted incorporating the Newtonian fluid and Bingham *** simulation results closely align with the analytical ***,a set of compression tests is conducted on the fresh and grouted rock specimens to verify the reinforcement method and calibrate the rational properties of reinforced *** engineering-scale model based on a real water inrush case of the Yonglian tunnel in a water-rich fractured zone has been *** model demonstrates the effectiveness of grouting reinforcement in mitigating water inrush *** results indicate that increased grouting pressure greatly affects the regulation of water outflow from the tunnel face and the prevention of rock detachment face after excavation.

关键词： Discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA) Water-rich fractured rock tunnel Grouting reinforcement Water inrush disaster

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Failure behaviors of anisotropic shale with a circular cavity subjected to uniaxial compression

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2025年第1期17卷 357-369页

作者： Xianhui Feng Huilin Liu Peitao Wang Shichao Zhang Quanqi Zhu Chun'an Tang Yaxing Leng school of Civil and resources engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China school of resources and Safety engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China school of Public Safety and Emergency Management Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan232000China State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing100037China

Layered rock formations are frequently encountered during the excavation of underground structures. The stability of such structures is influenced not only by the stress concentration caused by the cavities in the strata but also by the anisotropy of the layered rock mass. The interaction between them can lead to critical structural failure, such as rupture, collapse, or significant deformation within the adjacent rock mass, thereby jeopardizing operational safety. However, the coupling law and mechanism between the stress concentration resulting from the cavities and the anisotropy of a layered rock mass remain unclear. In this study, a uniaxial compression test was performed on shale specimens containing a circular hole to investigate the effects of layer inclination and circular holes on the mechanical properties, elastic energy storage, and failure behaviors of these specimens. The failure mechanism of the rock surrounding the hole was analyzed on the basis of the single plane of weakness theory and the Kirsch solution. The test results indicated pronounced anisotropy in the compressive strength, elastic modulus, and elastic strain energy of the specimens, with distinct “V”, “M” and “U”-shaped patterns correlated with varying layer inclination angles. In addition, the combined effect of stress concentration and layer inclination resulted in different failure types, which were classified into four groups according to their failure behavior. Theoretical analysis revealed that failure around circular holes in layered rock is affected by a range of variables, such as layer inclination, layer strength, lateral pressure coefficient, azimuth, and loading stress.

关键词： Anisotropy Shale Circular hole Mechanical properties Failure behaviors

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The Discovery of Water Conduction in Karst Collapsed Column Caused by Fault Cutting:Evidence from Chronology,Exploration Data and Hydrochemical Test

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2025年第1期99卷 272-283页

作者： LU Cunjin CHAI Jincheng XU Jinpeng LI Pu BIAN Kai school of resources and Geosciences China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhouJiangsu 221116China school of Earth Science and engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandanHebei 056038China

The water conductivity of karst collapsed column is affected by multiple factors such as the characteristics of its own column filling,structure and mining *** a structural water-conducting channel,fault usually plays a controlling role in hydrogeological *** the process of mine water hazard prevention and control,it was discovered that the lithology composition,compaction and cementation degree and water physical properties of karst collapsed column fillings were all non-conducting water,but due to the influence of combined development faults,some exploration drill holes showed concentrated water *** on this,the scientific hypothesis was proposed that fault cutting leads to water conduction in karst collapsed *** study comprehensively used methods like chronology,exploration data analysis,and hydrochemical testing to analyze the chronological relationship between faults and karst collapsed columns,their spatial relationship,outlet point distribution and water chemical properties,and the impact of faults on the water-conductivity of karst collapsed columns,which proved the effect of fault cutting on changing water conductivity of karst collapsed *** research showed that later fault cutting through karst collapsed columns turned the originally non-conductive karst collapsed columns into water-conductive collapsed columns at the fault plane,creating a longitudinally connected water-conducting channel.A new model of fault cutting karst collapsed column to change the original water conductivity of karst collapsed column was *** research results can provide a theoretical basis for the prediction of the water conductivity of the karst collapsed *** to whether the karst collapsed column was cut by the fault,it was predicted theoretically,so as to determine the key areas of water conductivity detection and prevention and control,and has broad application prospects under the background of source control o

关键词： fault cutting karst collapsed column hydraulic conductivity drilling exploration hydrochemical test

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Recent advances in semi-heterogenous photocatalysis in organic synthesis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 94-117页

作者： Jia-Cheng Hou Wei Cai Hong-Tao Ji Li-Juan Ou Wei-Min He school of Chemistry and Chemical engineering University of South China school of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hunan University of Medicine school of Materials Science and engineering Hunan Institute of Technology

Semi-heterogeneous photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful and productive platform in organic chemistry, which provides mild and eco-friendly conditions for a diverse range of bond-forming *** synergy of homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts inherits their main advantages, such as higher activities, easy separation and superior recyclability. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in recyclable semi-heterogenous protocols for the light promoted bond-forming reactions and identify directions for future research according to the different photocatalysts/metal/redox catalysts involved. Notably, this review is not a comprehensive description of reported literature but aim to highlight and illustrate key concepts, strategies, reaction model, reaction conditions and mechanisms.

关键词： Bond-forming Organic synthesis Photocatalysis Recyclable Semi-heterogeneous

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Distributed State and Fault Estimation for Cyber-Physical Systems Under DoS Attacks

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 261-263页

作者： Limei Liang Rong Su Haotian Xu the school of Control Science and engineering Shandong University IEEE the school of Electrical and Electronic engineering Nanyang Technological University

Dear Editor,The letter deals with the distributed state and fault estimation of the whole physical layer for cyber-physical systems(CPSs) when the cyber layer suffers from DoS attacks. With the advancement of embedded computing, communication and related hardware technologies, CPSs have attracted extensive attention and have been widely used in power system, traffic network, refrigeration system and other fields.

关键词： Observers Estimation error Sensors Physical layer Sensor systems Security Power system stability

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A binary eutectic electrolyte design for high-temperature interface-compatible Zn-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 587-597页

作者： Guomin Li Wentao Wen Kefeng Ouyang Yanyi Wang Jianhui Zhu Ming Yang Hongwei Mi Ning Zhao Peixin Zhang Dingtao Ma College of Chemistry and environmental engineering Shenzhen University school of Materials Science and engineering Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) school of Materials and environmental engineering Shenzhen Polytechnic Guangdong Flexible Wearable Energy and Tools engineering Technology Research Center

The deterioration of aqueous zinc-ion batteries（AZIBs） is confronted with challenges such as unregulated Zn2+diffusion,dendrite growth and severe decay in battery performance under harsh ***,a design concept of eutectic electrolyte is presented by mixing long chain polymer molecules,polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether（PEGDME）,with H2O based on zinc trifluoromethyl sulfonate(Zn（OTf）2),to reconstruct the Zn2+solvated structure and in situ modified the adsorption layer on Zn electrode *** dynamics simulations（MD）,density functional theory（DFT） calculations were combined with experiment to prove that the long-chain polymer-PEGDME could effectively reduce side reactions,change the solvation structure of the electrolyte and priority absorbed on Zn（002）,achieving a stable dendrite-free Zn *** to the comprehensive regulation of solvation structure and zinc deposition by PEGDME,it can stably cycle for over 3200 h at room temperature at 0.5 mA/cm2and 0.5 mAh/*** at high-temperature environments of 60℃,it can steadily work for more than 800 cycles（1600 h）.Improved cyclic stability and rate performance of aqueous Zn‖VO2batteries in modified electrolyte were also achieved at both room and high *** that,the demonstration of stable and high-capacity Zn‖VO2pouch cells also implies its practical application.

关键词： Dendrite suppression Eutectic electrolyte High temperature Solvation structure Zn anode

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Airborne fungal communities are more susceptible to anthropogenic activities than bacteria

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 564-573页

作者： Yuanyuan Pan Zhiwei Zuo Xueyun Huang Renguo Zhu school of Water resources&environmental engineering East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of the Causes and Control of Atmospheric Pollution East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

Airborne microorganisms(AM)have significant environmental and health *** studies have been conducted to investigate the factors influencing the composition and diversity of ***,the knowledge of AM with anthropogenic activities has not reach a *** this study,we took advantage of the dramatic decline of outdoor anthropogenic activities resulting from COVID-19 lockdown to reveal their *** collected airborne particulate matter before and during the lockdown period in two *** results showed that it was fungal diversity and communities but not bacteria obviously different between pre-lockdownand lockdown samples,suggesting that airborne fungiwere more susceptible to anthropogenic activities than ***,after the implementation of lockdown,the co-occurrence networks of both bacterial and fungal community became more complex,whichmight be due to the variation of microbial ***,Mantel test and correlation analysis showed that air pollutants also partly contributed to microbial *** fungal community was more affected by air pollutants than bacterial ***,some human pathogens like Nigrospora and Arthrinium were negatively correlated with air ***,our study highlighted the more impacts of anthropogenic activities on airborne fungal community than bacterial community and advanced the understanding of associations between anthropogenic activities and AM.

关键词： COVID-19 lockdown Anthropogenic activities Airborne microorganisms Response Air pollutants

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