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Distribution Patterns of Medicinal Plants along an Elevational Gradient in Central Himalaya,Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第2期9卷 201-213页

作者： Maan B.ROKAYA Zuzana MÜNZBERGOVÁ Mani R.SHRESTHA Binu TIMSINA institute of Botany Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Department of Botany Faculty of SciencesCharles University School of biological Sciences Monash UniversityClayton Campus institute for Environmental studies Faculty of ScienceCharles University

This study aimed to compare the distribution patterns and trends of plant parts used among different groups of medicinal plants, geographical regions,and between medicinal plants and all vascular *** used the published sources for elevation records of 2,331 medicinal plant species to interpolate presence between minimum and maximum elevations and estimated medicinal plant richness for each 100-m elevational band. Monte Carlo simulations were used to test whether differences in elevational distribution between different groups of medicinal plants were significant. Total number of medicinal plants as well as different groups showed unimodal relationship with elevation. The elevational distributions of medicinal plants significantly differ between regions and between medicinal plant *** comparing the richness of all medicinal plants to all vascular plants,Monte Carlo simulations indicated that the numbers of medicinal plants are higher than expected at low *** highest richness of medicinal plants at low elevation could be possibly due to favorable environmental factors such as high temperature, rainfall,sunlight or due to higher density of human population and thus higher pressure on use of any plants in lower elevations.

关键词： Species richness Rapoport's elevational rule Mid-domain effect Randomization test Unimodal pattern Himalaya Nepal

Going deep:Roots,carbon,and analyzing subsoil carbon dynamics

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 1-3页

作者： Ezhilmathi Angela Joseph Fernando Michael Selvaraj Yusaku Uga Wolfgang Busch Hunt Bowers Joe Tohme Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraAprtado Aereo 6713Cali 763537Colombia National institute of Agrobiological Sciences(NIAS) TsukubaIbaraki 305-0856Japan salk institute for biological studies 10010 N Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA 92037USA Earth Optics Suite 840ArlingtonVA 22202USA

Agricultural practices currently contribute to the emission of approximately 10%–12%atmospheric greenhouse gasses,with tillage agriculture accelerating soil disruption and carbon dioxide ***,various options exist,such as converting new lands for agriculture,promoting healthier plant-based diets,adopting advanced management technologies,and minimizing food ***,these measures alone are insufficient to ensure environmental sustainability within planetary boundaries.

关键词： soil measures carbon

Single-cell omics: experimental workflow, data analyses and applications

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 5-102页

作者： Fengying Sun Haoyan Li Dongqing Sun Shaliu Fu Lei Gu Xin Shao Qinqin Wang Xin Dong Bin Duan Feiyang Xing Jun Wu Minmin Xiao Fangqing Zhao Jing-Dong J.Han Qi Liu Xiaohui Fan Chen Li Chenfei Wang Tieliu Shi Department of Clinical Laboratory the Affiliated Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City) Pharmaceutical Informatics institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University) Ministry of EducationOrthopaedic DepartmentTongji HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Research institute of Intelligent Computing Zhejiang Lab Shanghai Research institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Center for Single-cell Omics School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang University Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biologythe Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal University Beijing institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesCenter for Quantitative Biology (CQB)Peking University Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science-MOE School of StatisticsEast China Normal University

Cells are the fundamental units of biological systems and exhibit unique development trajectories and molecular features. Our exploration of how the genomes orchestrate the formation and maintenance of each cell, and control the cellular phenotypes of various organismsis, is both captivating and intricate. Since the inception of the first single-cell RNA technology, technologies related to single-cell sequencing have experienced rapid advancements in recent years. These technologies have expanded horizontally to include single-cell genome, epigenome,proteome, and metabolome, while vertically, they have progressed to integrate multiple omics data and incorporate additional information such as spatial sc RNA-seq and CRISPR screening. Single-cell omics represent a groundbreaking advancement in the biomedical field,offering profound insights into the understanding of complex diseases, including cancers. Here, we comprehensively summarize recent advances in single-cell omics technologies, with a specific focus on the methodology section. This overview aims to guide researchers in selecting appropriate methods for single-cell sequencing and related data analysis.

关键词： single-cell sequencing genome epigenome proteomics metabolomics multimodal spatial transcriptomics CRISPR screening

MOLECULAR AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE BRASSINOSTEROID SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS

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MOLECULAR AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE BRASSINOSTEROID SIGNAL...

Investigating factors driving phytoplankton growth and grazing loss rates in waters around Peninsular Malaysia

全国植物分子生物学与生物技术学术研讨会

作者： Wang,Z-Y. He,Z. Vafeados,D. Cheong,H. Redfern,J. Friedrichsen,D. Yin,Y. Hanson,K. Ronald,P.C Lamb,C. Chory,J. The Howard Hughes Medical institute Plant Biology Laboratory The Salk Institute for Biological Studies Department of Plant Pathology University of California

We have taken a combination of genetic, biochemical, and molecular approaches to understand the brassinosteroid (BR) signal transduction pathways. Brassinosteroids play important roles in multiple plant developmental processes, particularly those related to light. BR biosynthetic and insensitive mutants such as det2 and bril, respectively, show many characteristics of light-grown plants when grown in the dark and are dwarfs when grown under light. Molecular genetic studies during the past few years have led to the identification of several genes involved in BR biosynthesis and only one gene, BRI1, required for BR responsiveness. BRI1 is a membrane bound receptor kinase with a leucine-rich-repeat (LRR) extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic kinase domain with serine/threonine specificity. A popular model to be tested is that BRI1 is the BR receptor.

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第1期39卷 148-159页

作者： Joon Hai LIM Choon Weng LEE Chui Wei BONG Laboratory of Microbial Ecology Institute of Biological SciencesUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia institute for Advanced studies University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

In tropical waters where temperatures are relatively stable,we investigated whether the relationship between phytoplankton growth and grazing loss rate across diff erent habitats around Peninsular Malaysia can be attributed to its eutrophication *** measured phytoplankton growth(μ)and grazing loss(g)rates in waters off Bachok Marine Research Station(BMRS),located northeast of Peninsular ***-a(chl-a)concentration ranged from 2.90 to 15.78μg/L and was dominated by nanoand micro-phytoplankton(>2μm in size).Using the Landry and Hassett dilution method,μat BMRS ranged from 1.02 to 1.58/d whereas g varied from 0.07 to 0.88/*** accounted for 35%of the primary production at BMRS.A systematic review of available data in waters around Peninsular Malaysia,revealed howμfl uctuated over a wide range(0.01–1.80/d)and correlated with chl a distribution(R 2=0.181,P<0.001).However,the relationship was only signifi cant at<9μg/L chl a for mesotrophic waters and<16μg/L chl a for eutrophic *** contrast,g ranged from 0.00 to 1.01/d,and correlated withμat all *** g/μslope ranged from 19%to 84%,and was generally similar for waters around Peninsular ***,all the g/μslopes had a positive y-intercept except for BMRS,and this seemed to suggest the availability of alternative prey supporting grazing at the other stations.

关键词： phytoplankton growth grazing loss grazing pressure Bachok Marine Research Station(BMRS)

A decade of Bt cotton in Chinese fields: Assessing the direct effects and indirect externalities of Bt cotton adoption in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第8期53卷 981-991页

作者： Scott ROZELLE Carl PRAY Food Security and the Environment Program Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies Stanford University School of Environmental and biological Sciences Rutgers the State University of New Jersey

The objective of this study is to examine whether or not the gains from reduced spraying for bollworms are being sustained more than one decade after the initial adoption in 2007. Based on farm-level data collected by the authors in 1999–2007 in 16 villages from 4 provinces, this study shows that insecticides applied for controlling bollworms have declined. This analysis supports Chinese policy makers’ decision to not require refuges of non-Bt cotton fields. It also suggests that past studies may have underestimated the benefits from adopting Bt technology.

关键词： biotechnology Bt cotton insecticide sustainability externalities China

Restoration of visual function by ectopic expression of melanopsin in rd mice

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Restoration of visual function by ectopic expression of mela...

Morphology and distribution of Pronoctiluca (Dinoflagellata, incertae sedis) in the Pacific Ocean

中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Amane Koizumi Nobushige Tanaka Satchidananda Panda Richard H.Masland Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02114USA the salk institute for biological studies La JollaCA 92037

The principal photoreceptors for image forming vision in the retina are rod and cone *** of photoreceptor cells,as happens in a number of human diseases,such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration,leads to irreversible ***,the current therapeutic treatment for retinal degeneration is very ***,we asked whether *** possible to restore any vision by ectopic expression of melanopsin,a newly discovered light-sensitive photopigment,in the surviving ganglion *** protein melanopin is normally expressed in 2%-3%of ganglion cell population of the mouse *** test this intriguing possibility,we used a viral vector to express mammalian melanopsin in other retinal ganglion cells of rd/rd mice,which suffer an early degeneration of rod photoreceptors and a subsequent degeneration of *** each retina melanopsin was expressed in up to 6000 retinal ganglion cells,of many morphological ***-cell patch-clamp recording showed intrinsic photoresponses in these cells,even after degeneration of the photoreceptors and additional pharmacological or Cd block of synaptic *** newly melanopsin-expressing ganglion cells provided an enhancement of visual function in the rd/rd mice:the pupillary light reflex returned almost to normal;the mice showed behavioral avoidance of light in an open field test;and they could discriminate a light stimulus from a dark one in a two-choice visual discrimination alley. These results show that an effective signalling pathway for melanopsin is not restricted to the retinal ganglion cells that normally contain melanopsin,or to any particular ganglion cell *** of this or other light-sensitive proteins in the surviving retinal neurons might provide some degree of vision for humans blind due to photoreceptor degeneration.

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2013年第4期32卷 71-76页

作者： GóMEZ Fernando Department of biological Oceanography Institute of Oceanography University of S o Paulo

The diversity and distribution of Pronoctiluca, a marine dinoflagellate of enigmatic systematic position, was studied in the vicinity of the Kuroshio and Oyashio Currents, the Philippines, Celebes, Sulu and South China Seas, western and central equatorial and southeast Pacific Ocean. The abundance of Pronoctiluca was high- er, with a wide vertical distribution, in eutrophic temperate regions, whereas it was nearly absent in surface waters of oligotrophic tropical regions. Most of the specimens corresponded to P. spinifera. Pronoctiluca pelagica, covered by hyaline layers and with no flagella, is considered as an encysted form. The bipartition was only observed in P. acuta-P, spinifera forms, that together with the occurrence of intermediate forms between P. spinifera and P. pelagica suggest that they may correspond to developmental stages of a single species. Pronoctiluca is essential to understanding the evolutionary history of the alveolates.

关键词： Alveolata basal dinoflagellates Dinophyceae heterotrophic flagellate Noctilucales plankton

A model of inter-cohort cannibalism and paedomorphosis in Arizona Tiger Salamanders, Ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2016年第2期9卷 221-233页

作者： Maeve L. McCarthy Howard H. Whiteman Department of Mathematics and Statistics Murray State University Murray Kentucky USA Department of biological Sciences and Watershed studies institute Murray State University Murray Kentucky USA

Cannibalism is widespread in size-structured populations. If cannibals and victims are in different life stages, dominant cohorts of cannibals can regulate recruitment. Arizona Tiger Salamanders, Ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum, exhibit facultative paedomorphosis in which salamander larvae either metamorphose into terrestrial adults or become sexually mature while still in their larval form. Although many salamanders exhibit cannibalism of larvae, the Arizona Tiger Salamander also exhibits cannibalism of young by the aquatic adults. We formulate a differential equations model of this system under the assumption that the terrestrial adults do not impact the system beyond their contribution to the birth of young larvae. We establish non-negativity, boundedness and persistence of the salamander population under certain assumptions. We consider the equilibrium states of the system in the presence or absence of a birth contribution from the terrestrial or metamorph adults. Constant per capita paedomorphosis leads to asymptotically stable equilibria. The per capita paedomorphosis rate of the larvae must be density dependent in order for periodic solutions to exist. Furthermore, the stage transition rate must be sufficiently decreasing in order to guarantee the existence of an unstable equilibrium. Periodic solutions are only possible in the presence of a unique non-trivial unstable equilibrium. Our results conform to previous theory on paedomorphosis which suggests general applicability of our results to similar systems.

关键词： Cannibalism size-structured population facultative paedomorphosis population model equilibrium analysis.