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Analyzing CO_(2) concentration changes and their influencing factors in Indonesia by OCO-2 and other multi-sensor remote-sensing data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第8期11卷 825-844页

作者： Shuai Yin Xiufeng Wang Heri Santoso Hiroshi Tani Guosheng Zhong Zhongyi Sun Graduate School of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan c Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute MedanNorth SumatraIndonesia

We used OCO-2 products and considered three factors that potentially affect CO_(2) concentration in Indonesia:sea surface temperature(SST),forest fires and vegetation.From 2014 to 2016,CO_(2) concentration in Indonesia showed a trend of increase,which is consistent with the global increase reported by the greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite(GOSAT)project.As an archipelago country,the results indicate that SST has a direct effect on the CO_(2) concentration in Indonesia.Their changing exhibits similar fluctuations;meanwhile,CO_(2) concentration and SST also presented positive correlation.In 2015,the number of fire hotspots suddenly increased to 140,699,because of occurrence of the worst forest fire.Due to special geographic conditions,forest fires did not induce CO_(2) concentration changes in Indonesia,but CO_(2) concentration in the corresponding islands showed a trend of increase.CO_(2) concentration increased in Kalimantan during the occurrence of forest fire in September–October 2014,and CO_(2) concentration increased in Kalimantan and Sumatra during the occurrence of forest fire in September–October 2015.Vegetation indices were stable and presented no correlation with CO_(2) concentration.This study demonstrated that OCO-2 is capable of monitoring CO_(2) concentration at a regional scale;additionally,an effective method for using OCO-2 Level 2 products is proposed.

关键词： GOSAT Kalimantan SST Sumatra X_(CO_(2))

The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership and Its Potential Impact on greenhouse Gas Emissions

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第9期7卷 1183-1191页

作者： Hirokazu Akahori Daisuke Sawauchi Yasutaka Yamamoto Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan

Whether trade liberalization resulting from mega free trade agreements, such as the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), will have an impact on the environment is the subject of ongoing debate and remains an empirical matter. In this paper, we contribute to the debate on the relation between trade and the environment by considering the case of the RCEP and examining whether it will increase or decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We measure the impact of the RCEP on GHG emissions using the Global Trade Analysis project (GTAP) model and the GTAP CO2 and non-CO2 emissions databases. Our results suggest that the RCEP is likely to “increase” the total amount of GHG emissions in the 16 RCEP members and the world.

关键词： RCEP greenhouse gas Climate Change GTAP

Development of autonomous navigation system for rice transplanter

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第6期11卷 89-94页

作者： Xiang Yin Juan Du Noboru Noguchi Tengxiang Yang Chengqian Jin School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000China Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido UniversityKita 9 Nishi 9Kita-kuSapporo 060-8589Japan Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Nanjing 210014China

Rice transplanting requires the operator to manipulate the rice transplanter in straight trajectories.Various markers are proposed to help experienced drivers in keeping straightforward and parallel to the previous path,which are extremely boring in terms of large-scale fields.The objective of this research was to develop an autonomous navigation system that automatically guided a rice transplanter working along predetermined paths in the field.The rice transplanter used in this research was commercially available and originally manually-operated.An automatic manipulating system was developed instead of manual functions including steering,stop,going forward and reverse.A sensor fusion algorithm was adopted to integrate measurements of the Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System(RTK-GNSS)and Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU),and calculate the absolute moving direction under the UTM coordinate system.A headland turning control method was proposed to ensure a robust turning process considering that the rice transplanter featured a small turning radius and a relatively large slip rate at extreme steering angles.Experiments were designed and conducted to verify the performance of the newly developed autonomous navigation system.Results showed that both lateral and heading errors were less than 8 cm and 3 degrees,respectively,in terms of following straight paths.And headland turns were robustly executed according to the required pattern.

关键词： autonomous navigation rice transplanter sensor fusion headland turning

极端火灾天气是导致澳大利亚东南部森林大火的主要原因

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Science Bulletin 2022年第6期67卷 655-664,M0004页

作者：王斌 Allan C.Spessa 冯璞玉侯鑫岳超罗京佳 Philippe Ciais Cathy Waters Annette Cowie Rachael H.Nolan Tadas Nikonovas Huidong Jin Henry Walshaw 魏菁华郭小伟刘德立于强 State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga Wagga 2650Australia Department of Geography College of ScienceSwansea UniversitySingleton ParkSwansea SA28PPUK College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute for Climate and Application Research(ICAR)/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education(KLME) Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CEA-CNRS-UVSQGif sur Yvette F-91191France New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Dubbo 2830Australia New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Armidale 2351Australia School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidale 2351Australia Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney UniversityPenrith 2751Australia CSIRO Data61 Canberra 2601Australia Python Charmers Pty Ltd Hawthorn 3122Australia Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China Climate Change Research Centre University of New South WalesSydney 2052Australia College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

2019年底至2020年初,澳大利亚东南部发生森林大火,燃烧面积达540万公顷,打破当地历史观测纪录,引发全球关注.此次火灾强度高,且多发在人类聚集区,对当地人类健康、社会经济以及生态系统造成重大影响.研究森林火灾的驱动因素并确定其对... 详细信息

2019年底至2020年初,澳大利亚东南部发生森林大火,燃烧面积达540万公顷,打破当地历史观测纪录,引发全球关注.此次火灾强度高,且多发在人类聚集区,对当地人类健康、社会经济以及生态系统造成重大影响.研究森林火灾的驱动因素并确定其对火灾程度影响的阈值,可有效帮助当地消防机构和管理部门为潜在火灾做好准备.本研究选取与火灾天气和植被生产力有关的环境要素,开发了一个基于数据驱动的机器学习诊断模型.该诊断模型对燃烧面积估测的准确性达80%以上.过去20年间,澳大利亚东南部森林火灾面积与环境要素之间呈非线性关系,且大火主要受极端火灾天气控制.由于全球变暖的影响,南极振荡和印度洋偶极子指数异常波动,导致该区域极端火灾天气频发.本研究开发的火灾面积诊断模型有助于改进澳大利亚森林火灾预警系统,并为有效防范火灾提供决策依据.

关键词：森林大火燃烧面积消防机构诊断模型环境要素机器学习观测纪录森林火灾

Boosting Kernel Search Optimizer with Slime Mould Foraging Behavior for Combined Economic Emission Dispatch Problems

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第6期20卷 2863-2895页

作者： Ruyi Dong Lixun Sun Long Ma Ali Asghar Heidari Xinsen Zhou Huiling Chen College of Information and Control Engineering Jilin Institute of Chemical TechnologyJilin132000China School of Surveying and Geospatial Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehran***Iran Key Laboratory of Intelligent Informatics for Safety&Emergency of Zhejiang Province Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou325000China

Reducing pollutant emissions from electricity production in the power system positively impacts the control of greenhouse gas emissions.Boosting kernel search optimizer(BKSO)is introduced in this research to solve the combined economic emission dispatch(CEED)problem.Inspired by the foraging behavior in the slime mould algorithm(SMA),the kernel matrix of the kernel search optimizer(KSO)is intensified.The proposed BKSO is superior to the standard KSO in terms of exploitation ability,robustness,and convergence rate.The CEC2013 test function is used to assess the improved KSO's performance and compared to 11 well-known optimization algorithms.BKSO performs better in statistical results and convergence curves.At the same time,BKSO achieves better fuel costs and fewer pollution emissions by testing with four real CEED cases,and the Pareto solution obtained is also better than other MAs.Based on the experimental results,BKSO has better performance than other comparable MAs and can provide more economical,robust,and cleaner solutions to CEED problems.

关键词： Combined economic emission dispatch Kernel search optimization Slime mould algorithm Valve point effect greenhouse gases

Probing deactivation by coking in catalyst pellets for dry reforming of methane using a pore network model

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第3期55卷 293-303页

作者： Yu Wang Qunfeng Zhang Xinlei Liu Junqi Weng Guanghua Ye Xinggui Zhou State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Dry reforming of methane(DRM) is an attractive technology for utilizing the greenhouse gases(CO_(2) and CH_(4)) to produce syngas. However, the catalyst pellets for DRM are heavily plagued by deactivation by coking, which prevents this technology from commercialization. In this work, a pore network model is developed to probe the catalyst deactivation by coking in a Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) catalyst pellet for DRM. The reaction conditions can significantly change the coking rate and then affect the catalyst deactivation. The catalyst lifetime is higher under lower temperature, pressure, and CH_(4)/CO_(2) molar ratio, but the maximum coke content in a catalyst pellet is independent of these reaction conditions. The catalyst pellet with larger pore diameter, narrower pore size distribution and higher pore connectivity is more robust against catalyst deactivation by coking, as the pores in this pellet are more difficult to be plugged or inaccessible.The maximum coke content is also higher for narrower pore size distribution and higher pore connectivity, as the number of inaccessible pores is lower. Besides, the catalyst pellet radius only slightly affects the coke content, although the diffusion limitation increases with the pellet radius. These results should serve to guide the rational design of robust DRM catalyst pellets against deactivation by coking.

关键词： Deactivation by coking Dry reforming of methane Pore network model Diffusion limitation Catalyst pellet

Tailor-made microstructures lead to high-performance robust PEO membrane for CO_(2)capture via green fabrication technique

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第5期8卷 1389-1397页

作者： Wei-Shi Sun Ming-Jie Yin Wen-Hai Zhang Shuo Li Naixin Wang Quan-Fu An Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation Department of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

Emerging excessive greenhouse gas emissions pose great threats to the ecosystem,which thus requires efficient CO_(2)capture to mitigate the disastrous issue.In this report,large molecular size bisphenol A ethoxylate diacrylate(BPA)was employed to crosslink poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether acrylate(PEGMEA)via the green and rapid UV polymerization strategy.The microstructure of such-prepared membrane could be conveniently tailored by tuning the ratio of the two prepolymers,aiming at obtaining the optimized microstructures with suitable mesh size and PEO sol content,which was approved by a novel low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technique.The optimum membrane overcomes the tradeoff challenge:dense microstructures lower the gas permeability while loose microstructures lower high-pressure-resistance capacity,realizing a high CO_(2)permeability of 1711 Barrer and 100-h long-term running stability under 15 atm.The proposed membrane fabrication approach,hence,opens a novel gate for developing high-performance robust membranes for CO_(2)capture.

关键词： CO_(2)capture PEO membrane Membrane microstructures PEO sol Photo-crosslinking

Pre-Breeding Genetic Diversity Assessment of Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.)Cultivars Based on Molecular,Morphological and Physicochemical Parameters

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第5期92卷 1493-1512页

作者： Jameel M.Al-Khayri Salha M.Alshamrani Adel A.Rezk Wael F.Shehata Mustafa I.Almaghasla Tarek A.Shalaby Ahmed M.Saad Fatmah A.Safhi Muhammad N.Sattar Arafat A.Abdel Latef Mahmoud Z.Sitohy Abdallah A.Hassanin Department of Agricultural Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Biology College of ScienceUniversity of JeddahJeddah21959Saudi Arabia Plant Pests and Diseases UnitDepartment of Arid Land AgricultureCollege of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Horticulture Faculty of AgricultureKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr El-Sheikh33516Egypt Department of Biochemistry Faculty of AgricultureZagazig UniversityZagazig44511Egypt Department of Biology College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Central Laboratories King Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of ScienceSouth Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt Department of Genetics Faculty of AgricultureZagazig UniversityZagazig44511Egypt

Appropriate knowledge of the parental cultivars is a pre-requisite for a successful breeding program.This study characterized fruit yield,quality attributes,and molecular variations of ten tomato cultivars during three consecutive generations under greenhouse conditions.Peto 86,Castle Rock,and Red Star cultivars showed the highest fruit yield(kg/plant),total phenolic compounds(TPC),and sap acidity.Principal component analysis categorized the evaluated fruit yield into three groups based on their quality attributes.A robust positive correlation appeared among traits inside each group.A positive correlation was likewise noticed between the first and the second groups.However,a negative correlation was detected between the first,the second and the third group.Molecular profiling,using seven inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR)primers,produced 60 loci,including 49 polymorphic loci.The molecular analysis also pinpointed the highest genetic similarity(0.92)between P73 and Moneymaker,while the lowest genetic similarity(0.46)was observed between Castle Rock and Moneymaker.The cultivars P73 and Moneymaker showed the lowest genetic distance(2.24),while the highest genetic distance(5.92)was observed between Super Marmand and Peto86,on the one hand,and between Castle Rock and Moneymaker,on the other hand.The chemical analysis of fruit sap indicated the highest levels of TPC,total flavonoids,anthocyanin,ascorbic acid and total soluble solids in Peto 86 and Castle Rock cultivars.Phylogeny analysis of tomato cultivars based on morphological and molecular attributes indicated four distinct clades.Peto 86,Castle Rock,and Red star cultivars can be recommended for the tomato hybridization breeding programs in the future,with other tomato cultivars as potentially high-yielding parents.

关键词： Fruit quality fruit yield genetic diversity hybrid seeds molecular markers plant breeding tomato

Preliminary evaluation of a decision support tool for biochar amendment

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Biochar 2020年第1期2卷 93-105页

作者： Claire L.Phillips Sarah E.Light Adam Lindsley Thomas A.Wanzek Kylie M.Meyer Kristin M.Trippe USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit 3450 SW Campus WayCorvallisOR 97331USA university of California Cooperative Extension 142A Garden HighwayYuba CityCA 95991USA Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Meta-analyses have shown that only about half of biochar addition studies report improved plant growth.To improve yield response,here we describe a decision support tool(DST)for selecting a biochar type and amendment rate to meet soil and crop management goals,based on soil and biochar tests values and crop requirements as reported by regional extension recommendations.Using data from a greenhouse wheat trial,we assessed whether this approach could predict changes in soil chemistry and whether it could identify soils in which amendment would stimulate crop yield.These data indicated that the DST could provide semi-quantitative predictions of biochar amendment rates needed to meet target soil pH levels,with recommended rates averaging 25%higher than were needed.The DST was better at predicting biochar application rates to provision P and K.Across six soil types,post-harvest measurements of extractable-K showed an average 104%recovery of the quantities estimated to be provisioned by conifer wood or wheat straw biochars.Extractable-P recovery averaged 101%in two sandy soils with low P-retention but was considerably lower in four soils with higher P-retention capacity.Green-house data also showed that wheat growth improved only when biochar alleviated pH that was substantially below critical thresholds for plant growth,and supported the principle of using crop-specific pH requirements as part of an approach for biochar decision-support.Future field trials that evaluate yield responses in several nutrient-deficient or acidified soils will be needed to provide a robust evaluation of this DST.

关键词： Wheat Liming Phosphorous Potassium Yield response