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Decline and fall of aging astrocytes:the human perspective

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第6期20卷 1713-1714页

作者： Alexei Verkhratsky Alexey Semyanov Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK Department of Neurosciences University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNEDLeioaSpain Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology School of Forensic MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Stem Cell Biology State Research Institute Centre for Innovative MedicineVilniusLithuania International Collaborative Center on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signalling Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Physiology Jiaxing University College of MedicineJiaxingZhejiang ProvinceChina

“Last scene of all that ends this strange,eventful history,is second childishness and mere oblivion.I am sans teeth,sans eyes,sans taste,sans everything.”William Shakespeare‘As You Like It'Act 2,Sc.7,l.139Aging of the human brain is characterized by a progressive decline of its functional capacity;this decline however varies widely,and cognitive longevity differs substantially between individuals.

关键词： aging teeth progressive

Behavior of Medium-frequency Core Loss in Fe-based Nanocrystalline Soft Magnetic Alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2000年第3期16卷 332-336页

作者： Yanzhong ZHANG, Huijuan JIN and Ying SHI (research centre, Shanghai Iron and Steel research Institute, Shanghai 200940, China) research centre Shanghai Iron and Steel Research Institute Shanghai 200940 China

The dependences of the power loss per cycle on frequency have been investigated in the ranges of 100 Hz<= f<=25000 Hz and 0.1 T< =Bm <=1.0 T for three main original magnetic states in five sorts of Fe-based nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys. The measured and calculated results showed that the total power loss per cycle clearly exhibited a nonlinear behavior in the range below 3 kHz～5 kHz depending on both the magnetic state and the value of Dm, whereas it showed a quasi-linear behavior above this range. The total loss was decomposed into hysteresis loss, classical eddy current loss and excess loss, the obvious nonlinear behavior has been confirmed to be completely determined by the dependence of the excess loss on frequency. It has been indicated that the change rate of the excess loss per cycle with respect to frequency sharp decreases with increasing frequency in the range below about 3 kHz～5 kHz, wherease the rate of change slowly varies above this range, thus leading to the quasilinear behavior of the total loss per cycle. In this paper, some linear expressions of the total loss per cycle has been given in a wider medium-frequency segment, which can be used for roughly estimating the total loss.

关键词： Behavior of Medium-frequency Core Loss in Fe-based Nanocrystalline Soft Magnetic Alloys Core Fe high

Ferroptosis:copper-iron connection in cuprizone-induced demyelination

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Neural Regeneration research 2022年第1期17卷 89-90页

作者： Priya Jhelum Samuel David centre for research in Neuroscience and Brain Program The Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreMontrealQCCanada

Redox active metals such as iron,copper,zinc,and manganese play important roles in promoting a variety of biochemical reactions essential for cellular *** is made possible by the ability of these metals to accept and donate *** in the form of iron-sulfur clusters and heme plays a key role in adenosine triphosphate generation in mitochondria as well as numerous other enzymatic *** the other hand.

关键词： function. copper metals

Peficitinib suppresses diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor by targeting TYK2 and JAK/STAT signaling

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Shan Lu Chenxi Cao Wenjia Zhang Jiayi Li Jingli Yang Zisheng Huang Zhijun Wu Baitao Liu Hongjie Huang Haijun Wang Yongjian Wang Dingge Liu Zhihua Zhang Kaiping Liu Gang Yang Xi Gong Hui Dai Yingjia Li Erdan Dong Xin Zhang Yan Zhang Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third HospitalState Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling Peking University Department of Sports Medicine Peking University Third Hospital Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries Engineering research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Molecular Medicine College of Future Technology Peking University Peking University Health Science centre Peking University Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Sciences NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology Peking University research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital) School of Health and Life Sciences University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences research Unit of Medical Science research Management/Basic and Clinical research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor(dTGCT) is a destructive but rare benign proliferative synovial neoplasm. Although surgery is currently the main treatment modality for dTGCT, the recurrence risk is up to 50%. Therefore, there is a great need for effective drugs against dTGCT with minor side effects. The Janus kinase(JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT) signaling plays a central role in rheumatoid arthritis(RA), a disease with similar characteristics as dTGCT, but its function in dTGCT remains *** fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS) and macrophages were isolated from 10 synovial tissue samples from dTGCT patients for the screening and validation of the five clinically approved JAK inhibitors to treat RA against dTGCT. Cell viability, cell death, inflammation and the activity of the JAK family members of cultured dTGCT FLS(both 2-D and 3-D) and macrophages were investigated for the efficacy of the JAK inhibitors. Here, we found that similar to RA, JAK/STAT signaling was markedly activated in the dTGCT synovium. Of the 5 JAK inhibitors, peficitinib was shown to have the most potency in addressing some of the pathological responses of dTGCT FLS and *** potency of peficitinib was much higher than pexidartinib, which is the only FDA-approved drug for dTGCT. Mechanistically, peficitinib inhibited tyrosine kinase 2(TYK2), a JAK family member necessary for the pathological progression of dTGCT FLS and macrophages. In summary, we not only revealed JAK/STAT(especially TYK2) signaling as the major mechanism underlying dTGCT, but also identified peficitinib as a promising drug against dTGCT.

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Using Markov chains to predict the natural progression of diabetic retinopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第1期8卷 132-137页

作者： Priyanka Srikanth Jaslok Hospital & research centre

AIM: To study the natural progression of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 ***: This was an observational study of 153 cases with type 2 diabetes from 2010 to 2013. The state of patient was noted at end of each year and transition matrices were developed to model movement between years. Patients who progressed to severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR) were *** Chains and Chi-square test were used for statistical ***: We modelled the transition of 153 patients from NPDR to blindness on an annual basis. At the end of year 3, we compared results from the Markov model versus actual data. The results from Chi-square test confirmed that there was statistically no significant difference(P =0.70) which provided assurance that the model was robust to estimate mean sojourn times. The key finding was that a patient entering the system in mild NPDR state is expected to stay in that state for 5y followed by 1.07 y in moderate NPDR, be in the severe NPDR state for 1.33 y before moving into PDR for roughly8 y. It is therefore expected that such a patient entering the model in a state of mild NPDR will enter blindness after 15.29 ***: Patients stay for long time periods in mild NPDR before transitioning into moderate ***, they move rapidly from moderate NPDR to proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) and stay in that state for long periods before transitioning into blindness.

关键词： diabetes mellitus diabetic retinopathy Markov Chains Chi-square test transition probability matrix

Sol-gel synthesis,properties and protein loading/delivery capacity of hollow bioactive glass nanospheres with large hollow cavity and mesoporous shell

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2022年第3期16卷 145-157页

作者： Ahmed EL-FIQI Glass research Department National Research CentreCairo 12622Egypt

Hollow nanospheres exhibit unique properties and find a wide interest in several potential applications such as drug ***,novel hollow bioactive glass nanospheres(HBGn)with large hollow cavity and large mesopores in their outer shells were synthesized by a simple and facile one-pot ultrasound assisted sol-gel method using PEG as the core ***,the produced HBGn exhibited large hollow cavity with ~43 nm in diameter and mesoporous shell of ~37 nm in thickness and 7 nm pore size along with nanosphere size around 117 *** confirmed the presence of Si and Ca elements at the surface of the HBGn outer ***,HBGn showed high protein loading capacity(~570 mg of Cyto c per 1 g of HBGn)in addition to controlled protein release over 5 *** also demonstrated a good in vitro capability of releasing calcium(Ca^(2+):170 ppm)and silicate(SiO_(4)^(4-):78 ppm)ions in an aqueous medium over 2 weeks under physiological-like *** in vitro growth of bone-like hydroxyapatite nanocrystals was exhibited by HBGn during the soaking in SBF.A possible underlying mechanism involving the formation of spherical aggregates(coils)of PEG was proposed for the formation process of HBGn.

关键词： bioactive glass hollow nanosphere hollow cavity mesoporous shell soft-template ultrasound assisted sol-gel synthesis therapeutic protein delivery

Studies on impact sensitivity of nanosized trinitrotoluene (TNT) confined in silica processed by sol-gel method

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第1期12卷 46-51页

作者： s.v.ingale p.b.wagh p.u.sastry c.b.basak d.bandyopadhyay s.b.phapale satish c.gupta Applied Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India Solid State Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India Glass andAdvanced Materials Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India Heavy Water Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India Chemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India

Nano-sized trinitrotoluene(TNT) material restrained in silica gel has been prepared by using the sol-gel process to study the effect of varying porosity in gel on the sensitivity of TNT. The TNT content in the gel has been varied from 60 to 90 wt %(at fixed acetone/tetramethoxysilane ratio of 50). Also, for a fixed TNT content of 75 wt %, the pore structure in the gel has been varied by changing the ratio of silica gel precursor to the solvent. The resultant TNT–silica gel composites have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, small angle X-ray scattering and surface area analysis techniques. Impact sensitivity studies were carried out using Fall Hammer Impact Test. The results showed that the sensitivity of nanostructured explosives prepared by sol-gel process can be tailored precisely by controlling the process parameters.

关键词：溶胶-凝胶法三硝基甲苯 TNT 敏感性二氧化硅纳米溶胶-凝胶过程扫描电子显微镜

Protective effect of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) against neurotoxicity induced by aluminum chloride in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第1期8卷 59-66页

作者： Mohamed E.Elhadidy Hussein G.Sawie Nagwa A.Meguid Yasser A.Khadrawy Department of research on Children with Special Needs Medical Research DivisionNational Research Centre Department of Medical Physiology Medical Research DivisionNational Research Centre

Objective: To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of ashwagandha extract against aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Methods: Rats were divided into control, aluminumintoxicated rats treated daily with aluminum trichloride(Al Cl3)(100 mg/kg, orally) for 30 d and aluminum-intoxicated animals protected by receiving daily ashwagandha extract(200 mg/kg, orally) one hour before Al Cl3 administration for 30 d. Levels of lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, reduced glutathione and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum. In addition, the activities of Na+, K+, ATPase and acetylcholinesterase were determined in the three studied brain regions. Results: Aluminum increased the levels of lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum and decreased the reduced glutathione level in the hippocampus and striatum. In rats protected with ashwagandha extract, non significant changes were observed in lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide and reduced glutathione. In addition, ashwagandha extracts prevented the increased activity of acetylcholinesterase and Na+, K+, ATPase induced by Al Cl3 in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum. The present findings also showed that the significant increase in tumor necrosis factor-α induced by Al Cl3 in the cortex and hippocampus was prevented by ashwagandha extract. Conclusions: The present results suggest that ashwagandha extract possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against aluminum neurotoxicity. In addition, ashwagandha extract could prevent the decline in cholinergic activity by maintaining normal acetylcholinesterase activity. The later effect could recommend the use of ashwagandha as a memory enhancer.

关键词： Ashwagandha Neurotoxicity Oxidative stress TNF-α acetylcholinesterase Na+/K+-ATPase

Induction of Chromosomal Aberrations by Propoxur in Mouse Bone Marrow Cells

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1999年第4期12卷 292-295页

作者： R. C. AGRAWAL(Laboratory of Environmental Carcinognesis, Industrial Toxicology researchcentre, Post Box No. 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, India) Industrial Toxicology research centre 印度

Propoxur is a widely used dithiocarbamate insecticide. In this study, the clastogenic effect of propoxur has been evaluated using chromosomal aberration assay in mouse bone marrow cells. Single i. p. administration of propoxur, at 25 mg/kg ***., a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and 12 .5mg/kg *** (50% of MTD) have significantly induced different types of aberrations after 24 h of treatment. The aberrations were dose and time dependent and reached a maximum after 24 h of exposure. The sresult suggest a genotoxic potential of propoxur.

关键词： Chromosome Aberrations Animals Bone Marrow Cells DNA Damage Insecticides Male Mice Mutagenicity Tests Propoxur