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Soil Respiration in Drying of an Organic Soil

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2015年第9期5卷 181-192页

作者： Zofia Fischer Pavel Blazka Department of Biotechnology and Environment John PaulⅡCatholic University of LublinLublinPoland Department of Science University of South BohemiaCeske BudejoviceCzech

Drying of soil was linearly related to time, soil volume decreased and ratio of air within the soils increased. Respiration was related with decreasing humidity, storage of CO2 in soil water results in RQ < 0.5 in the larger soil items at least for a while. Rate of drying decreased in the second part of the process. RQ increased as the CO2 stored was aerated when its solvent-water evaporated and access of air into the soil increased;eventually RQ = 1.0 in the last days of the experiment. Respiration of the experimental soil stopped when GWC reached 0.15. ΣRQ for the whole process is about 0.7, a bit higher in experiments with less soil suggesting less anoxia.

关键词： RQ Anoxia Storage of CO_(2) Changes of Soil Volume

Respiration Rates of Organic Soil Depending on Changes of Moisture and Aeration

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2017年第6期7卷 101-110页

作者： Zofia Fischer Pavel Blazka Lidya Dubis Faculty of Mathematics Informatics and Landscape ArchitectureJohn Paul ⅡCatholic University of LublinLublinPoland Department of Science University of South BohemiaCeske BudejoviceCzech

This paper aims at analyzing changes in soil respiration depending on the levels of soil moisture and aeration. Organic forest soil was used in the experiments. Watering of the soil was applied starting from two initial moisture contents: 1) GWC > 0.1, desiccated soil, respiration equals to zero;2) GWC between 0.46 - 0.78, moisture of the soil approximately the same as at the time of sample collection. Watering of the soil was applied once or continuously during the experiment. The experiments were conducted under both: unrestricted air-supply and anoxic conditions. Measurements of: oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide emission, and RQ were determined with a volumetric respirometer. Soil desiccation, which occurs under good access of the air, and leads to the increase of respiration rate (the “Birch effect”), is predominantly related to aerobic respiration following the change in soil aeration. If respiration of non-desiccated soil is assumed as 100%, the oxygen consumption of desiccated soil equaled to 209.90% of such value in the non-desiccated soil at the lowest moisture level, and only to 51% at the highest. Carbon dioxide emission equaled to 191.92% and 111% at the lowest and the highest moisture levels, respectively. Desiccation did not increase the respiration rate under anoxic conditions. It either decreased or remained statistically unchanged. However, obtained values of RQ index suggest that under anoxic conditions desiccation affects fermentation processes in the soil. The value of RQ index at the moisture level lower than GWC 1 was very low attaining merely 0.3 - 0.4, which suggests active fermentation processes. At higher moisture content yet, RQ value exceeded 2.

关键词： Birch Effect Anoxia RQ Watering

Dehydrogenase Activity of Soil Microorganisms and the Total DNA Level in Soil of Different Use

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第9期3卷 613-622页

作者： Wolinska Agnieszka Stepniewska Zofia Emilia Szymafiska Institute of Biotechnology Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry The John Paul H Catholic University of Lublin Konstantyn6w 1 I Lublin 20-708 Poland

The aim of the study was to find the interrelations between the activity of intracellular dehydrogenases, abundance of microorganisms, and the level of soil DNA in the Mollic Gleysol profile, with notification on the dominant DNA form （extra-or intra-cellular）, depending on the type of land use. Two neighbouring meadows were selected for investigations： one systematically cultivated and fertilized and the other deprived of any effect of anthropogenic activity, used as a control. We have demonstrated that dehydrogenase activity （DHA）, the DNA content and microbial abundance strongly depended on the type of land use. DHA exhibited a significant correlation with the DNA content （r = 0.99^＊＊＊ and r = 0.74^＊, for cultivated and control sites, respectively）. This relationship with such a high r value might suggest domination of the intracellular form of DNA in the cultivated meadow, which is also confirmed by the c.a. 13% increase in microorganism abundance in the cultivated soil. The optimal conditions for microbial activities were defined by the significant positive interrelationships between microbial abundance and the total organic carbon content, and a negative correlation with pH, redox potential and soil bulk density.

关键词： Dehydrogenase activity DNA microorganism abundance type of land use.

Moisture,Water Holding,Drying and Wetting in Forest Soils

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2014年第5期4卷 174-184页

作者： Pavel Blazka Zofia Fischer Faculty of Science University of South BohemiaCeske BudejoviceCzech Present Address:Ulrychova 23 162 00 Praha 6Czech Department of Applied Ecology John Paul ⅡCatholic University of LublinLublinPoland

Relationship of soil and water is generally considered as important in soil science. To specify it further we studied two different soils in 2012-2013, three additional soils once and made several series of experiments with drying and wetting of the soils. Principal parameters studied were the gravimetric water content (GWC), water holding capacity (WHC), soil organic matter (SOM), their correlations and rates of change in drying or wetting. The three parameters are significantly inter-correlated. Distribution of GWC in the replicates of soils dried both in nature and in experiments was narrower than that in wet soils, while WHC changed less in drying. The correlations (GWC- WHC) became steeper (the slope coefficient higher) and the coefficient of determination (R2) lower. Attempts to increase WHC in wet soils with a high WHC even further were not successful. Drying may be fast or slow;rates of increase of WHC in wetting were all low, both in field and in the experiments, less than 0.1 g (H2O) g-1 (soil)·day-1. None of the three parameters can be considered as fixed characteristics of forest soils.

关键词： Soil-Water Relationships Climate Change Water Holding Capacity

^(60)Co γ射线辐照改性As_2S_3玻璃的纳米压痕试验（英文）

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硅酸盐学报 2016年第11期44卷 1636-1640页

作者： Taras KAVETSKYY Jaroslaw BORC Andrey L STEPANOV Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical university 24 I.Franko Str. 82100 Drohobych ne the john paul ii catholic university of lublin 14 A1. Raciawickie 20-950 Lublin Poland lublin university of Technology 38 Nadbystrzycka Str. 20-618 Lublin Poland Kazan Physical-Technical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences 10/7 Sibirskiy Trakt 420029 Kazan Russia Kazan National Research Technological university 68 Karl Marx Str. 420015 Kazan Russia Kazan Federal university 18 Kremlevskaya Str. 420008 Kazan Russia

采用纳米压痕技术对^(60)Coγ-射线辐照改性10年后As_2S_3玻璃的表面机械性能(即硬度和弹性模量)进行超纳硬度仪(UNHT)测试,压痕深度为200~1 600 nm。结果表明:经平均量子能1.25 Me V、累计剂量2.41 MGy的^(60)Coγ-射线辐照后,g-As_2S_... 详细信息

采用纳米压痕技术对^(60)Coγ-射线辐照改性10年后As_2S_3玻璃的表面机械性能(即硬度和弹性模量)进行超纳硬度仪(UNHT)测试,压痕深度为200~1 600 nm。结果表明:经平均量子能1.25 Me V、累计剂量2.41 MGy的^(60)Coγ-射线辐照后,g-As_2S_3(g-表示玻璃态)的表面硬度和弹性模量与辐照前相比得以提高。对于g-As_2S_3表面机械性能的长期辐照诱导改性,具有辐照诱导氧化层的辐照样品与经过清洗和抛光处理除去氧化层的辐照样品相比,其实验数据显示宽分布特性。

关键词：硫系玻璃机械性能纳米压痕辐照改性

Towards a Dynamic Approach to the Individual Differences ＂Though This Be Madness, Yet There Is Method in It＂

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Psychology Research 2013年第7期3卷 365-369页

作者： Piotr K. Oles Malgorzata Sobol-Kwapifiska john paul ii catholic university of lublin Lublin Poland

The paper aims at introducing a new approach to individual differences. Personality is recognized here as the system built on tensions between three levels, namely traits, characteristic adaptations, and self-concept as well as tensions between the person and environment; another source of tensions is cognitive versus emotional processes. Personality development is possible during life span on the levels of characteristic adaptations and self-concepts, however, minor changes are possible also on the level of traits. Adaptation and transgression are two opposite kinds of processes, the former stands for integration and emotional security, and the latter for innovation and change.

关键词：个体差异寿命特性人与环境安全感集成度人格

Complete ablation of tumors using synchronous chemoradiation with bimetallic theranostic nanoparticles

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第1期7卷 74-84页

作者： Hamed Nosrati Elahe Attari Fatemeh Abhari Murat Barsbay Mohammadreza Ghaffarlou Navid Mousazadeh Rasoul Vaezi Taras Kavetskyy Hamed Rezaeejam Thomas J.Webster Behrooz Johari Hossein Danafar Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center Zanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran Joint Ukraine-Azerbaijan International Research and Education Center of Nanobiotechnology and Functional Nanosystems DrohobychUkraineBakuAzerbaijan Department of Radiology School of Paramedical SciencesZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjan45139-56184Iran Hacettepe university Department of ChemistryBeytepeAnkara06800Turkey Department of Medical Biotechnology School of MedicineZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjan45139-56184Iran Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology School of PharmacyZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran Department of Surface Engineering The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin20-950LublinPoland Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical university 82100DrohobychUkraine Department of Chemical Engineering Northeastern University360 Huntington AvenueBostonMA02115United States

Synchronous chemotherapy and radiotherapy,termed chemoradiation therapy,is now an important standard regime for synergistic cancer *** such treatment,nanoparticles can serve as improved carriers of chemotherapeutics into tumors and as better radiosensitizers for localized ***,we designed a Schottky-type theranostic heterostructure,Bi_(2)S_(3)-Au,with deep level defects(DLDs)in Bi_(2)S_(3) as a nano-radiosensitizer and CT imaging contrast agent which can generate reactive free radicals to initiate DNA damage within tumor cells under X-ray ***(MTX)was conjugated onto the Bi_(2)S_(3)-Au nanoparticles as a chemotherapeutic agent showing enzymatic stimuli-responsive release *** designed hybrid system also contained curcumin(CUR),which cannot only serve as a nutritional supplement for chemotherapy,but also can play an important role in the radioprotection of normal ***,this combined one-dose chemoradiation therapeutic injection of co-drug loaded bimetallic multifunctional theranostic nanoparticles with a one-time clinical X-ray irradiation,completely eradicated tumors in mice after approximately 20 days after irradiation showing extremely effective anticancer efficacy which should be further studied for numerous anti-cancer applications.

关键词： Combination therapy Radiosensitizer Semiconductor Heterojunction Radioprotector

The Silence of God at Auschwitz:The Contributions of Hans Jonas

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2021年第11期11卷 835-849页

作者： Peter Takov Herbert Niba Cheo catholic university of Cameroon BamendaCameroon St.john paul ii Major Seminary MamfeCameroon

What is peculiar about Hans Jonas’concept of God after Auschwitz?How is it distinguishable from that of the proponents of process philosophy?By way of analysis and valuation,this article argues that Jonas’contribution on the silence of God at Auschwitz proposes a unique solution to the question of theodicy which excludes the atheism and relativism often characteristic of modern philosophical speculation on the *** the same time,his concept of God remains compatible with humankind’s existential experience of *** the face of evil,Jonas charges man with the responsibility of“preserving life”,a theme that is central to his thought.

关键词： God evil Holocaust omnipotence mythology responsibility silence

To Club or Not to Club, That Is the Question Debating the Meaning of catholic Identity for Universities in Today’s World

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2023年第5期11卷 203-228页

作者： paulina Guzik The Pontifical university of john paul ii in Krakow Poland

This case study presents the dilemma faced by a French university with Christian identity regarding a students’request to officially approve a club for the LGBTQ+community:which would be the most prudent response considering all matters involved?The case is disguised:it combines elements taken from very similar cases impacting today more than a few catholic universities around the *** A describes this university:history,principles and values,academic and financial information,relations with its stakeholders,*** part also describes its religious context and some relevant statistics regarding the LGTBQ+***,a series of opinions regarding the issue and how to answer the students’request presented in the form of an open discussion at the university’s steering committee provides different arguments in favor or against the *** B offers some guidelines useful to take a prudent response considering all matters involved:legal,ethical,governance,and *** guidelines are divided in three chapters:what should be the framework for such a discussion,strategic recommendations,and practical *** aim is to provide a sort of a blueprint for university heads and administrators,to design a tailor-made response fitting the identity and stakeholders’map of their own university.

关键词： Crisis management crisis communications university university management issues management Christian identity gender issues