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Dissociating Delusional Disorders and Infections from Dermatologic and Neurologic Effects of Morgellons Disease

Advances in Infectious Diseases 2021年第4期11卷 311-319页

作者： Jase Grimm Buddhini N. Dolapihilla Gangoda Elapathage Dulara Mahen Elapatha Udula Vidanage University of the People Pasadena USA Faculty of Medicine University of Colombo Colombo Sri Lanka Postgraduate institute of Medicine University of Colombo Colombo Sri Lanka

Morgellons disease (MD) is a multi-system disorder characterized by multicolor filaments extruding out of the skin along with an array of dermatologic and neuropsychiatric symptoms. It was previously termed Delusional parasitosis. However, published scientific data found the association of MD symptoms with the systemic manifestations of Lyme disease, caused by Borrelia spirochete. In a retrospective study of 122 MD patients, skin specimens were examined and 96% of them showed Borrelia spirochete in their histology sample. Hence, this association suggests that spirochete infection could be a possible cause of chronic illness in MD patients, and this rejected the physician’s perception that MD lesions might be self-inflicted. A cohort study reported tick-borne co-infections among MD patients, which could also be an etiological factor for dermopathy in MD patients. Some literature also discussed neuropsychiatric manifestations like cognitive impairment, dementia anxiety, depression, paranoia, and sensory hallucinations in Lyme disease and associated tick-borne infection. The objectives of this review are to identify the differences in the past and current perception regarding the pathogenesis of MD and determine the associations of spirochetal and tick-borne diseases with MD and psychiatric illnesses. More than 50 new research articles and case reports were reviewed and only 31 articles were shortlisted and used as references. This review has a detailed discussion on Morgellons disease and its association with Spirochete infection.

关键词： Morgellons Disease Lyme Disease Spirochete Tick-Borne Infections Borrelia burgdorferi Psychiatry

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Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core-related antigen kinetics after adding pegylated-interferon to nucleos(t)ids analogues in hepatitis B e antigen-negative patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第11期12卷 1076-1088页

作者： Teresa Broquetas Montserrat Garcia-Retortillo Miquel Mico Lidia Canillas Marc Puigvehi Nuria Canete Susana Coll Ana Viu Juan Jose Hernandez Xavier Bessa JoseA Carrion Department of Gastroenterology Liver SectionHospital del Mar Medical Research InstituteBarcelona 08003Spain Departament of de Medicina Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08003Spain Laboratori de Referencia de Catalunya El Prat de LlobregatBarcelona 08820Spain

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B patients under nucleos(t)ids analogues(NAs)rarely achieve hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)*** To evaluate if the addition of pegylated interferon(Peg-IFN)could decrease HBsAg and hepatitis B core-related antigen(HBcrAg)levels and increase HBsAg loss rate in patients under NAs *** Prospective,non-randomized,open-label trial evaluating the combination of Peg-IFN 180μg/week plus NAs during forty-eight weeks vs NAs in *** B e antigen-negative non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B patients of a tertiary hospital,under NAs therapy for at least 2 years and with undetectable viral load,were *** with hepatitis C virus,hepatitis D virus or human immunodeficiency virus co-infection and liver transplanted patients were *** and HBcrAg levels(log10 U/mL)were measured at baseline and during ninety-six *** loss rate was evaluated in both *** events were recorded in both *** kinetic of HBsAg for each treatment group was evaluated from baseline to weeks 24 and 48 by the slope of the HBsAg decline(log10 IU/mL/week)using a linear regression *** Sixty-five patients were enrolled,61%receiving tenofovir and 33%***-six(55%)were included in Peg-IFN-NA group and 29(44%)in NA *** matching by age and treatment duration,baseline HBsAg levels were comparable between groups(3.1 vs 3.2)(P=0.25).HBsAg levels at weeks 24,48 and 96 declined in Peg-IFN-NA group(-0.26,-0.40 and-0.44)and remained stable in NA group(-0.10,-0.10 and-0.10)(P<0.05).The slope of HBsAg decline in Peg-IFN-NA group(-0.02)was higher than in NA group(-0.00)(P=0.015).HBcrAg levels did not ***(22%)patients discontinued Peg-IFN due to adverse *** HBsAg loss was achieved in 3(8.3%)patients of the Peg-IFN-NA group and 0(0%)of the NA *** The addition of Peg-IFN to NAs caused a greater and faster decrease of HBsAg levels compared to N

关键词： chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis B e antigen-negative Hepatitis B surface antigen Hepatitis B core-related antigen Pegylated-interferon Nucleos(t)ids analogues©The Author(s)2020.Published by Baishideng Publishing Group inc.All rights reserved

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Nutrigenetics, Nutrigenomics, and the Future of Dietary Advice

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第10期4卷 999-1003页

作者： Michelle Thunders Sam Mangai Russell Cooper Anubha Integrative Medical Practice Hobart Australia. institute of Food Nutrition and Human Health College of Health Massey University Wellington New Zealand

Our individual metabolic phenotype is the result of the interaction between nutrients and DNA to modify gene expression. This is a combination of epigenetic interactions whereby nutrients modify the structure of DNA to affect gene expression as well as individual genetic variation that alters our response to diet. Our metabolic phenotype is influenced by developmental plasticity, imprinting in early life and interactions with environmental factors over time. Unlike the human genome which is relatively fixed and stable throughout the body, the human metabolic phenotype is far more complex and dynamic, varying over time and among cells and varying greatly from person to person. Dietary recommendations are often generalized and intended to avert chronic illnesses such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In a climate where we are striving for personalisation of healthcare maybe we need a simpler approach;one that embraces genetic variation yet focuses on the optimum nutritional benefit of dietary components.

关键词： Nutrigenomics Individualised Healthcare Genome Led Dietary Advice Epigenetics

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Hepatocellular carcinoma: Epidemiology, risk factors and pathogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第27期14卷 4300-4308页

作者： Asmaa Ibrahim Gomaa Shahid A Khan Mireille B Toledano Imam Waked Simon D Taylor- Robinson Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Imperial College London St Mary’s Hospital Campus Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Imperial College London St Mary’s Hospital Campus National Liver institute Menoufiya University

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest primary malignant cancer of the liver in the world. Given that the burden of chronic liver disease is expected to rise owing to increasing rates of alcoholism, hepatitis B and C prevalence and obesity-related fatty liver disease, it is expected that the incidence of HCC will also increase in the foreseeable future. This article summarizes the international epidemiology, the risk factors and the pathogenesis of HCC, including the roles of viral hepatitis, toxins, such as alcohol and aflatoxin, and insulin resistance.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Epidemiology Risk factors Aetiology Pathogenesis

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Polyphenol Composition, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Quorum Quenching Activity of the “Carciofo di Montoro” (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i>var. <i>scolymus</i>) Global Artichoke of the Campania Region, Southern Italy

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第21期5卷 2053-2062页

作者： Florinda Fratianni Rosa Pepe Filomena Nazzaro Istituto di Scienze dell’Alimentazione Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISA-CNR) Via Roma Italy Experimental institute for Vegetable Crops—CRA Pontecagnano Italy

Biochemical characteristics, antimicrobial and quorum quenching activity of the extract of the “Carciofo di Montoro”, a typical ecotype of Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus of the Campania region (Southern Italy) were studied, to consider it as potential reserve of bioactive constituents useful for food industry and beneficial for managing and preventing several chronic illnesses in humans. The extract exhibited a good polyphenol content (528 μg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity (EC50 less than 5 mg). Ultra pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC) revealed high amount of chlorogenic acid, cynarin and epicatechin. The extract showed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylocccus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus pathogen strains. Finally, quorum quenching activity was demonstrated. The variety Carciofo di Montoro could represent a good source of health-promoting polyphenols, encouraging a nutraceutical use of such ecotype, for several phyto-pharmaceutical applications.

关键词： Artichoke Polyphenols Antioxidant Antimicrobial Quorum Sensing

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Effectiveness and safety of apixaban and rivaroxaban vs warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease

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World Journal of Nephrology 2023年第5期12卷 132-146页

作者： Sylvie Perreault Laurie-Anne Boivin Proulx Aurélie Lenglet Ziad A Massy Marc Dorais Faculty of Pharmacy University of MontrealQuebecMontreal H3C3J7Canada Department of Cardiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Ottawa Heart InstituteOntarioOttawa K1Y4W7Canada Department of Pharmacy Amiens-Picardie Hospital University CenterAmiens 80000France Faculty of Pharmacy MP3CV LaboratoryUR7545University of Picardie Jules VerneAmiens 80000France Division of Nephrology University of Paris Ouest-Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines(UVSQ)VillejuifFrance.AP-HP Ambroise-ParéHospitalBoulogne Billancourt/Paris 92104France StatSciences inc. Notre-Dame-de-l’Île-PerrotQuebecMontreal J7W 3K8Canada

BACKGROUND Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of direct oral anticoagulants(DOACs)included a low proportion of atrial fibrillation(AF)patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD),and suggested that DOACs are safe and effective in patients with mild-to-moderate *** a metanalysis of RCTs and observational studies,DOACs were associated with better efficacy(vs warfarin)in early CKD and had similar efficacy and safety profiles in patients with stages IV-V *** few studies have provided data on the safety and effectiveness of each DOAC vs warfarin in patients with stage III *** effectiveness and safety of DOACs in those patients are still subject to *** To assess and compare the effectiveness and safety of apixaban and rivaroxaban vs warfarin in this patient *** A cohort of patients with an inpatient or outpatient code for AF and stage III CKD who were newly prescribed apixaban and rivaroxaban was created using the administrative databases from the Quebec province of Canada between 2013 and *** primary effectiveness outcome was a composite of ischemic stroke,systemic embolism,and death,whereas the primary safety outcome was a composite of major bleeding within a year of DOAC vs warfarin *** groups were compared in an under-treatment analysis using inverse probability of treatment weighting and Cox proportional *** A total of 8899 included patients filled out a new oral anticoagulation therapy claim;3335 for warfarin and 5564 for *** with warfarin,15 mg and 20 mg rivaroxaban presented a similar effectiveness and safety composite *** 5.0 mg was associated with a lower effectiveness composite risk[Hazard ratio(HR)0.76;95%confidence interval(CI):0.65-0.88]and a similar safety risk(HR 0.94;95%CI:0.66-1.35).Apixaban 2.5 mg was associated with a similar effectiveness composite(HR 1.00;95%CI:0.79-1.26)and a lower safety risk(HR 0.65;95%CI:***,apixaban 5.0 mg was associated with a bet

关键词： Atrial fibrillation chronic kidney disease Direct oral anticoagulant Effectiveness Safety Warfarin

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Understanding that Addiction Is a Brain Disorder Offers Help and Hope

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Health 2022年第6期14卷 684-695页

作者： Kenneth Blum Abdalla Bowirrat David Baron Rajendra D. Badgaiyan Panayotis K. Thanos Igor Elman Eric R. Braverman Mark S. Gold Division of Addiction Research & Education Center for Psychiatry Medicine & Primary Care (Office of the Provost) Western University Health Sciences Pomona USA Department of Molecular Biology and Adelson School of Medicine Ariel University Ariel Israel Department of Psychiatry South Texas Veteran Health Care System Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital and Long School of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio USA Department of Psychiatry MT. Sinai School of Medicine New York USA Department of Psychology & Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA) Research Institute on Addictions University at Buffalo Buffalo USA Department of Psychiatry Harvard School of Medicine Cambridge USA Division of Personalized Medicine The Kenneth Blum Behavioral & Neurogenetic Institute (Division of iVitalize Inc.) Austin USA Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis USA

We refute the controversial statement that addiction is not a brain disorder. Extensive peer-reviewed studies support the underlying neurobiological and neurogenetic basis of addiction’s “disease model”. In the 70s and 80s, a few clinical scientists suggested that it is possible to use behavioral training to teach controlled drinking. However, this controversial model failed drastically and increased labeling and stigmatization. Additionally, it was unhelpful in the search for treatment. Instead, we assert that addiction is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by a recurring desire to continue taking substances despite harmful physical and mental consequences. Work from our laboratory in 1995 supported the Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) concept based on a common neurogenetic mechanism (hypodopaminergia) that underlies all substance and non-substance addictions. Non-substance addictions include behaviors like pathological gambling, internet addiction, and mobile phone addiction. Certain impulsive and compulsive behaviors or the acute intake of psychoactive substances result in heightened dopaminergic activity, while the opposite, hypodopaminergia, occurs following chronic abuse. Patients with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) can have a genetic predisposition compounded by stress or other epigenetic insults that can impact recovery. Relapse will occur post-short-term recovery if dopaminergic dysfunction remains untreated. Addiction, a brain disorder, requires treatment with DNA-directed pro-dopamine regulation and rehabilitation.

关键词： Reward Deficiency Syndrome Abstinence Controlled Drinking Neurogenetic Brain Disorder

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Effectiveness of exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee:A review of the literature

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2011年第5期2卷 37-42页

作者： Jun Iwamoto Yoshihiro Sato Tsuyoshi Takeda Hideo Matsumoto institute for Integrated Sports Medicine Keio University School of MedicineShinjuku-kuTokyo 160-8582Japan Department of Neurology Mitate HospitalTagawaFukuoka 826-0041Japan

Osteoarthritis(OA)of the knee is the most common type of arthritis and the major cause of chronic musculoskeletal pain and mobility disability in the *** objective of this paper is to discuss the effectiveness of exercise for OA of the knee based on a review of the *** reviewed the relevant literature,*** reviews and meta-analyses searched using *** strengthening and aerobic exercises are effective in reducing pain and improving physical function in patients with mild to moderate OA of the knee.

关键词： Osteoarthritis of the knee Muscle strengthening exercise Quadriceps Hamstrings

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Transition to adulthood: A critical role for exercise in building overall well-being

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Health 2013年第7期5卷 1158-1163页

作者： Channakeshava Sokke Umeshappa Ryan Punambolam Department of Microbiology Immunology and Infectious Diseases Institute of Inflammation Infection and Immunity Faculty of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Canada Division of neurology Department of Medicine Fraser Health Authority Vancouver Canada

A growing number of multidisciplinary studies have reported the beneficial effects of physical activities towards the development of overall well-being and the reduction of chronic illnesses. Physical inactivity is a serious worldwide problem and is considered the key lifestyle factor that negatively influences health and function of individuals. Here we propose that growth kinetics of body and mind and associated disproportionate physical activity may have considerable effects on the increased physical and mental illnesses and premature death rates currently observed in mid to late adulthood people. Children and young adults, being in exponential growth phase and self-motivated to engage in physical activity, possess more cognition, resilience, and mind-body-emotion-spirit integration. In contrast, as our body transitions into adulthood, there is a decline in the growth of body and mind. Furthermore, in this period, adults experience the increased stressors of career and financial demands, time pressure, and family responsibilities. The decline in growth combined with prolonged stress appears to result in reduced cognition, resilience, and mind-body-emotion-spirit integration, leading to sedentary and other faulty lifestyles, which could further lead to a predisposition to maladaptive behaviours and various chronic diseases at a later stage. In agreement with this, currently more than two thirds of the adult population across the world are physically inactive and are failing to perform the daily recommended guidelines of moderate to vigorous exercise. As negative changes and faulty lifestyles begin to occur during and after adulthood transition, creating awareness in people between 29 to 35 years of age about mindful exercise should be considered a national priority. This would allow adults to achieve overall well-being, and increased productivity and life expectancy, reducing health care-associated economic burden placed on the nation.

关键词： Physical Activity Adult Transition Phase S-Shaped Human Mind and Body Sigmoid Curve Well-Being chronic Physical and Mental illnesses

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Development and Evaluation of Disease Management Program and Service Framework for Patients with chronic Disease

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Health 2015年第6期7卷 729-740页

作者： Kana Kazawa Kiminori Yamane Noriaki Yorioka Michiko Moriyama Division of Nursing Science Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan Chugoku Health Administration Center Nippon Telegraph and Telephone West Corporation Hiroshima Japan Hiroshima Kidney Organization Hiroshima Japan

We developed a disease management program and service framework to enhance the self-management skills of patients with chronic diseases for the first time in Japan. In this study, we analyzed the efficacy of this program. A single-group pre-test and post-test design was used. In the program, disease management nurses provided self-management education to patients that were specific for their disease and risk factors in cooperation with their primary physicians. The duration of the program was 6 or 12 months. A total of 1258 patients were enrolled. After excluding discontinued subjects, 987 patients in the diabetes program and 11 patients (except those with diabetic nephropathy) in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) program were analyzed. The diabetic patients showed improvement of HbA1c and blood pressure after intervention, as well as maintaining renal function. CKD patients showed no change of renal function after intervention, but there was improvement of non high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c). The patients acquired the ability to detect at an early stage and respond to abnormal symptoms and data, which enabled them to avoid progression of their diseases and emergency hospitalization. The program was effective at preventing disease progression in patients with chronic illnesses and may contribute to the containment of medical costs.

关键词： Disease Management Patient Education chronic Disease

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