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Transdermal delivery of Chinese herbal medicine extract using dissolvable microneedles for hypertrophic scar treatment

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第9期11卷 2937-2944页

作者： Xiaoyu Ning Christian Wiraja Wan Ting Sharon Chewa Chen Fan Chenjie Xu NTU Institute for Health Technologies Interdisciplinary Graduate GroupNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637459Singapore Skin Research Institute of Singapore 8A Biomedical GroveSingapore 138648Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China

Hypertrophic scars are unfavorable skin diseases characterized by excessive collagen *** systemic treatments exist in clinic to manage hypertrophic scars,they pose significant side effects and tend to lose efficacy over prolonged *** Chinese medicine(TCM)offers as a promising candidate to treat pathological scars.A large number of TCMs have been studied to show anti-scarring effect,however,the natural barrier of the skin impedes their penetration,lowering its therapeutic ***,we reported the use of dissolvable hyaluronic acid(HA)microneedles(MNs)as a vehicle to aid the transdermal delivery of therapeutic agent,a model TCM called shikonin for the treatment of hypertrophic ***,shikonin was mixed with HA to make MNs with adequate mechanical strength for skin penetration,making its dosage controllable during the fabrication *** therapeutic effect of the shikonin MNs was studied in vira using HSFs and then further verified with quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain *** data suggest that the shikonin HA MNs significantly reduce the viability and proliferation of the HSFs and downregulate the fibrotic-related genes(i.e.,TGFβ1,FAP-αand COL1 A1).Furthermore,we observed a localized therapeutic effect of the shikonin HA MNs that is beneficial for site-specific treatment.

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicine Shikonin Hyaluronic acid Microneedle Hypertrophic scarring Drug delivery Transdermal delivery Skin

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High-Throughput Powder Diffraction Using White X-Ray Beam and a Simulated Energy-Dispersive Array Detector

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Engineering 2022年第3期8卷 81-88页

作者： Xiaoping Wang Weiwei Dong Peng Zhang Haoqi Tang Lanting Zhang Tieying Yang Peng Liu hong Wang X.-D.Xiang Materials Genome Initiative Center&School of Materials science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Academy for Advanced interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Materials science and Engineering&Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Electric Power Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong-hong kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

High-throughput powder X-ray diffraction(XRD)with white X-ray beam and an energy-dispersive detector array is demonstrated in this work on a CeO;powder sample on a bending magnet synchrotron beamline at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF),using a simulated energy-dispersive array detector consisting of a spatially scanning silicon-drift detector(SDD).Careful analysis and corrections are applied to account for various experimental hardware-related and diffraction angle-related *** resulting diffraction patterns show that the relative strength between different diffraction peaks from energy-dispersive XRD(EDXRD)spectra is consistent with that from angle-resolved XRD(ARXRD),which is necessary for analyzing crystal structures for unknown *** X-ray fluorescence(XRF)signal is collected *** counts from all pixels are integrated directly by energy,while the diffraction spectra are integrated by d-spacing,resulting in a much improved peak strength and signal-to-noise(S/N)ratio for the array *** comparison with ARXRD,the diffraction signal generated by a white X-ray beam over monochromic light under the experimental conditions is about 104 times *** full width at half maximum(FWHM)of the peaks in q-space is found to be dependent on the energy resolution of the detector,the angle span of the detector,and the diffraction *** is possible for EDXRD to achieve the same or even smaller FWHM as ARXRD under the energy resolution of the current detector if the experimental parameters are properly chosen.

关键词： High-throughput experiment White beam X-ray diffraction Energy-dispersive array detector Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction Angle-resolved X-ray diffraction

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Laser additive manufacturing for infrastructure repair:A case study of a deteriorated steel bridge beam

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2023年第23期154卷 149-158页

作者： Shengbiao Zhang Peijun Hou Jiyun Kang Tianyi Li Shahryar Mooraj Yang Ren Catherine H.Chen A.John Hart Simos Gerasimidis Wen Chen Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 SA Department of Materials science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA X-ray science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL 60439 USA Massachusetts Department of Transportation Boston MA 02116 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong China

As our transportation infrastructure ages,its deterioration is becoming a growing *** and effective methods for repair can reduce the need for time-and cost-intensive replacement of structures such as roadway *** this work,laser-based additive manufacturing(AM)was developed for the repair of damaged beams in steel bridges.A corroded structural beam of low-carbon A36 steel was selected for this case study and 316L stainless steel was used for repair due to its excellent mechanical properties and corrosion *** repair experiments were performed on specimens extracted from the beam,and prepared with various groove shapes(Rectangular,Trapezoidal,and U-shaped).More in-depth parametric and microstructural studies were carried out with a series of U-shaped specimens repaired with the linear laser input energy varied from 19.5 to 30.0 J mm–*** tensile properties of the repaired specimens and interface structures were also investigated in *** was found that the repaired specimens had a slightly higher tensile strength despite a reduction in tensile elongation compared to the A36 steel base *** influence of interfacial microstructure and heterogeneity on the mechanical properties of the repaired specimens was *** work suggests the promising potential to employ AM for structural repair and provides fundamental insights into processing-structure-property relationships in laser AM-repaired materials.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Structural repair Mechanical properties Transportation infrastructure Dissimilar joint

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Gas Generation Mechanism in Li-Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第1期5卷 327-336页

作者： Huajun Zhao Jun Wang Huaiyu Shao Kang Xu Yonghong Deng Guangdong-hong kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices Department of Materials Science and EngineeringAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Energy Storage Branch US Army Research LaboratoryAdelphi MD 20783USA Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacaoAvenida da UniversidadeTaipa Macao SAR China

Gas generation induced by parasitic reactions in lithium-metal batteries(LMB)has been regarded as one of the fundamental barriers to the reversibility of this battery chemistry,which occurs via the complex interplays among electrolytes,cathode,anode,and the decomposition species that travel across the *** this work,a novel in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry is constructed to differentiate the speciation and source of each gas product generated either during cycling or during storage in the presence of cathode chemistries of varying structure and nickel *** unambiguously excludes the trace moisture in electrolyte as the major source of hydrogen and convincingly identifies the layer-structured NCM cathode material as the source of instability that releases active oxygen from the lattice at high voltages when NCM experiences H2→H3 phase transition,which in turn reacts with carbonate solvents,producing both CO_(2)and proton at the cathode *** proton in solvated state travels across the cell and becomes the main source for hydrogen generated at the anode *** are proposed to account for these irreversible reactions,and two electrolyte additives based on phosphate structure are adopted to mitigate the gas generation based on the understanding of the above decomposition chemistries.

关键词： differential electrochemical mass spectrometry gas evolution lithium metal lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide oxygen release

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Perturbative countersurveillance metaoptics with compound nanosieves

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Light(science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 236-245页

作者： Jiancai Xue Zhang-Kai Zhou Limin Lin Chao Guo Shang Sun Dangyuan Lei Cheng-Wei Qiu Xue-Hua Wang State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of PhysicsSun Yat-sen University510275 GuangzhouChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117583Singapore Department of Materials science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong

The progress of metaoptics relies on identifying photonic materials and geometries,the combination of which represents a promising approach to complex and desired optical *** candidate options are primarily limited by natural ***,the search for meta-atom geometries,by either forward or inverse means,plays a pivotal role in achieving more sophisticated *** efforts mainly focused on building the geometric library of individual meta-atoms and synthesizing various ones into a ***,those efforts neglected the powerfulness of perturbative metaoptics due to the perception that perturbations are usually regarded as adverse and in need of being ***,we report a perturbation-induced countersurveillance strategy using compound nanosieves mediated by structural and thermal *** information can be almost perfectly concealed and camouflaged by the induced thermal-spectral drifts,enabling information storage and exchange in a covert *** perturbative metaoptics can self-indicate whether the hidden information has been attacked during *** results establish a perturbative paradigm of securing a safer world of information and internet of things.

关键词： optics sieve compound

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Effects of Dropsonde Data in Field Campaigns on Forecasts of Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific in 2020 and the Role of CNOP Sensitivity

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2023年第5期40卷 791-803页

作者： Xiaohao QIN Wansuo DUAN Pak-Wai CHAN Boyu CHEN Kang-Ning HUANG State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China hong kong Observatory Hong KongChina Weather Forecasting office National Meteorological CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Research and Development Center Central Weather BureauTaipei 100006China

Valuable dropsonde data were obtained from multiple field campaigns targeting tropical cyclones,namely Higos,Nangka,Saudel,and Atsani,over the western North Pacific by the hong kong Observatory and Taiwan Central Weather Bureau in *** conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(CNOP)method has been utilized in real-time to identify the sensitive regions for targeting observations adhering to the procedure of real-time field campaigns for the first *** observing system experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of dropsonde data and CNOP sensitivity on TC forecasts in terms of track and intensity,using the Weather Research and Forecasting *** is shown that the impact of assimilating all dropsonde data on both track and intensity forecasts is ***,assimilation using only the dropsonde data inside the sensitive regions displays unanimously positive effects on both the track and intensity forecast,either of which obtains comparable benefits to or greatly reduces deterioration of the skill when assimilating all dropsonde ***,these results encourage us to further carry out targeting observations for the forecast of tropical cyclones according to CNOP sensitivity.

关键词： tropical cyclones targeting observation field campaign CNOP sensitivity dropsonde intensity forecasts

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Observation of acoustic spin

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National science Review 2019年第4期6卷 707-712页

作者： Chengzhi Shi Rongkuo Zhao Yang Long Sui Yang Yuan Wang hong Chen Jie Ren Xiang Zhang NSF Nano-scale science and Engineering Center (NSEC) University of CaliforniBerkeley George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology NSF Nano-scale science and Engineering Center (NSEC) University of CaliforniaBerkeley Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy science China-EU Joint Center for Nanophononics Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology School of Physics Sciences and Engineering Tongji University Faculties of science and Engineering University of Hong Kong

Unlike optical waves, acoustic waves in fluids are described by scalar pressure fields, and therefore are considered spinless. Here, we demonstrate experimentally the existence of spin in acoustics. In the interference of two acoustic waves propagating perpendicularly to each other, we observed the spin angular momentum in free space as a result of the rotation of local particle velocity. We successfully measured the acoustic spin, and spin-induced torque acting on a designed lossy acoustic probe that results from absorption of the spin angular momentum. The acoustic spin is also observed in the evanescent field of a guided mode traveling along a metamaterial waveguide. We found spin–momentum locking in acoustic waves whose propagation direction is determined by the sign of spin. The observed acoustic spin could open a new door in acoustics and its applications for the control of wave propagation and particle rotation.

关键词： acoustic spin spin-induced torque spin–momentum locking

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Drug discovery of sclerostin inhibitors

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第5期12卷 2150-2170页

作者： Sifan Yu Dijie Li Ning Zhang Shuaijian Ni Meiheng Sun Luyao Wang Huan Xiao Dingdong Liu Jin Liu Yuanyuan Yu Zongkang Zhang Samuel Tin Yui Yeung Shu Zhang Aiping Lu Zhenlin Zhang Baoting Zhang Ge Zhang Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases School of Chinese MedicineHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TsaiHong Kong 999077China Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational science School of Chinese MedicineHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TsaiHong Kong 999077China Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing EducationShenzhen 518000China School of Chinese Medicine Faculty of Medicinethe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine Ministry of EducationAir Force Medical UniversityXi’an 710000China Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease Department of Osteoporosis and Bone DiseasesShanghai Jiao Tong University Afﬁliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai 200000China

Sclerostin, a protein secreted from osteocytes, negatively regulates the WNT signaling pathway by binding to the LRP5/6 co-receptors and further inhibits bone formation and promotes bone resorption. Sclerostin contributes to musculoskeletal system-related diseases, making it a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of WNT-related bone diseases. Additionally, emerging evidence indicates that sclerostin contributes to the development of cancers, obesity, and diabetes, suggesting that it may be a promising therapeutic target for these diseases. Notably, cardiovascular diseases are related to the protective role of sclerostin. In this review, we summarize three distinct types of inhibitors targeting sclerostin, monoclonal antibodies, aptamers, and small-molecule inhibitors, from which monoclonal antibodies have been developed. As the first-in-class sclerostin inhibitor approved by the U.S. FDA,the monoclonal antibody romosozumab has demonstrated excellent effectiveness in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis;however, it conferred high cardiovascular risk in clinical trials. Furthermore,romosozumab could only be administered by injection, which may cause compliance issues for patients who prefer oral therapy. Considering these above safety and compliance concerns, we therefore present relevant discussion and offer perspectives on the development of next-generation sclerostin inhibitors by following several ways, such as concomitant medication, artificial intelligence-based strategy, druggable modification, and bispecific inhibitors strategy.

关键词： Sclerostin WNT signalling pathway Sclerostin inhibitors Antibody Bone diseases Aptamer Small molecule inhibitors Artificial intelligence

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Simplified Compact Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency of 19.6% via Interface Engineering

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2020年第1期3卷 5-11页

作者： Dedi Li Changwen Liu Shi Chen Weiguang kong Haichao Zhang Deng Wang Yan Li Jianhui Chang Chun Cheng Department of Materials science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Academy for Advanced interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen Guangdong Province 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Electric Power Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

For the commercialization of perovskite solar cells(PSCs), it is more appealing to develop high-performance simplified PSCs where perovskite films are just sandwiched between the back and front electrodes, in order to simplify the fabrication process and to reduce the cost. However, to date, this kind of devices shows rather low performance, and there are few researches on this ***, we report on a kind of compact PSCs(CPSCs) that are free of independent charge transport layers(CTLs). The devices are realized by the use of organic monolayer-modified effective electrodes, along with the use of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester(PCBM)-assisted anti-solvent technique to obtain ultra-thin(~10 nm) PCBM-embedded perovskite films. Compared to control devices, CPSCs achieve a promising champion power conversion efficiency of 19.6% with largely reduced hysteresis. Moreover, the unencapsulated CPSC shows good stability under ambient atmosphere, with only 10% efficiency loss after 60 days’ storage. This work indicates that, by delicate design, CPSCs with smaller materials consumption in device architecture can perform competitively as conventional PSCs. Further reduction in the actual usage of costly CTL materials can be expected upon our CPSCs by developing more facile and economic methods to prepare ultra-thin CTLs.

关键词： charge transport layers compact perovskite solar cells interface engineering monolayer-modified electrodes ultra-thin

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Biphasic Cholinergic Modulation of Reverberatory Activity in Neuronal

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第5期39卷 731-744页

作者： Xiao-Wei Li Yi Ren Dong-Qing Shi Lei Qi Fang Xu Yanyang Xiao Pak-Ming Lau Guo-Qiang Bi CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease School of Life SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230027China CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation Interdisciplinary Center for Brain Informationthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhen 518055China

Acetylcholine(ACh)is an important neuromod-ulator in various cognitive ***,it is unclear how ACh influences neural circuit dynamics by altering cellular ***,we investigated how ACh influ-ences reverberatory activity in cultured neuronal *** found that ACh suppressed the occurrence of evoked reverberation at low to moderate doses,but to a much lesser extent at high ***,high doses of ACh caused a longer duration of evoked reverberation,and a higher occur-rence of spontaneous *** whole-cell recording from single neurons,we found that ACh inhibited excita-tory postsynaptic currents(EPSCs)while elevating neu-ronal firing in a dose-dependent ***,all ACh-induced cellular and network changes were blocked by muscarinic,but not nicotinic receptor *** computational modeling,we found that simulated changes in EPSCs and the excitability of single cells mimicking the effects of ACh indeed modulated the evoked network reverberation similar to experimental ***,ACh modulates network dynamics in a biphasic fashion,probably by inhibiting excitatory synaptic transmission and facilitating neuronal excitability through muscarinic signaling pathways.

关键词： Acetylcholine Neuronal network Reverberation Synaptic current Excitability

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