检索结果-南通市图书馆

The role of undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells in peripheral nerve repair

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第5期13卷 757-763页

作者： Rui Zhang Joseph M.Rosen dartmouth geisel school of medicine Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center

Peripheral nerve injuries impose significant health and economic consequences, yet no surgical repair can deliver a complete recovery of sensory or motor function. Traditional methods of repair are less than ideal： direct coaptation can only be performed when tension-free repair is possible, and transplantation of nerve autograft can cause donor-site morbidity and neuroma formation. Cell-based therapy delivered via nerve conduits has thus been explored as an alternative method of nerve repair in recent years. Stem cells are promising sources of the regenerative core material in a nerve conduit because stem cells are multipotent in function, abundant in supply, and more accessible than the myelinating Schwann cells. Among different types of stem cells, undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cell（uASC）, which can be processed from adipose tissue in less than two hours, is a promising yet underexplored cell type. Studies of uASC have emerged in the past decade and have shown that autologous uASCs are non-immunogenic, easy to access, abundant in supply, and efficacious at promoting nerve regeneration. Two theories have been proposed as the primary regenerative mechanisms of uASC： in situ trans-differentiation towards Schwann cells, and secretion of trophic and anti-inflammatory factors. Future studies need to fully elucidate the mechanisms, side effects, and efficacy of uASC-based nerve regeneration so that uASCs can be utilized in clinical settings.

关键词： peripheral nerve injury adipose-derived stem cells Schwann cells cell therapy nerve conduits axonal regeneration stem cell differentiation neurotrophic factors anti-apoptosis immunosuppression

Patterns of in-hospital mortality and bleeding complications following PCI for very elderly patients： insights from the dartmouth Dynamic Registry

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2018年第2期15卷 131-136页

作者： Shawn X Li Hannah I Chaudry Jiyong Lee Theodore B Curran Vishesh Kumar Kendrew K Wong Bruce W Andrus James T DeVries dartmouth geisel school of medicine Hanover NH USA Department of Internal medicine Dartmouth-Hitcheock Medical Center Lebanon NH USA Section of Cardiovascular medicine Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon NH USA

Background Very elderly patients （age 〉 85 years） are a rapidly increasing segment of the population. As a group, they experience high rates of in-hospital mortality and bleeding complications following percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. However, the relationship between bleeding and mortality in the very elderly is unknown. Methods Retrospective review was performed on 17,378 consecutive PCI procedures from 2000 to 2015 at dartmouth-Hitchcock medical Center. Incidence of bleeding during the index PCI admission （bleeding requiring transfusion, access site hematoma 〉 5 cm, pseudoaneurysm, and retroperitoneal bleed） and in-hospital mortality were reported for four age groups （〈 65 years, 65-74 years, 75-84 years, and ≥ 85 years）. The mortality of patients who suffered bleeding complications and those who did not was calculated and multivariate analysis was performed for in-hospital mortality. Lastly, known predictors of bleeding were compared between patients age 〈 85 years and age ≥85 years. Results Of 17,378 patients studied, 1019 （5.9%） experienced bleeding and 369 （2.1%） died in-hospital following PCI. Incidence of bleeding and in-hospital mortality increased monotonically with increasing age （mortality： 0.94%, 2.27%, 4.24% and 4.58%; bleeding： 3.96%, 6.62%, 10.68% and 13.99% for ages 〈 65, 65-4, 75-84 and ≥ 85 years, respectively）. On multivariate analysis, bleeding was associated with increased mortality for all age groups except patients age ≥85 years [odds ratio （95% CI）： age 〈 65 years, 3.65 （1.99-6.74）; age 65-74 years, 2.83 （1.62-4.94）; age 75-84 years, 3.86 （2.56-5.82）, age ≥ 85 years 1.39 （0.49-3.95）]. Conclusions Bleeding and mortality following PCI increase with increasing age. For the very elderly, despite high rates of bleeding, bleeding is no longer predictive of in-hospital mortality following PCI.

关键词： Complications In-hospital mortality Percutaneous coronary intervention The elderly

Genetic profiling of cancer with circulating tumor DNA analysis

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2018年第2期45卷 79-85页

作者： Ling Lu Junqin Bi Liming Bao Department of Rheumatology Huashan HospitalFudan University Center for Clinical Molecular medicine Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College

Circulating cell-free tumor DNA（ctDNA） in the blood is DNA released from apoptotic, circulating, and living tumor cells. ctDNA is about 140 nt in length and has a half-life of about 1.5 h. ctDNA analysis provides a noninvasive means to assess the genetic profile of cancer in real time. With the advent of molecular technologies, including digital PCR and massively parallel sequencing（MPS）, ctDNA analysis has shown promise as a highly sensitive and specific alternative to conventional tissue biopsy in cancer detection, longitudinal monitoring, and precision therapy. This review provides an overview of the latest development in our understanding of the biologic characteristics, detection methodologies, and potential clinical implications of ctDNA, as well as the challenges in translating ctDNA analysis from the research arena to patient care.

关键词： ctDNA Cancer genetics Genetic profile Liquid biopsy Precision therapy

Detecting white matter alterations in multiple sclerosis using advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 114-123页

作者： Sourajit M.Mustafi Jaroslaw Harezlak Chandana Kodiweera Jennifer S.Randolph James C.Ford Heather A.Wishart Yu-Chien Wu Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Indiana University School of Medicine Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Indiana University Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and dartmouth Brain Imaging Center Dartmouth College Department of Psychiatry Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth

Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative and inflammatory disease, a hallmark of which is demyelinating lesions in the white matter. We hypothesized that alterations in white matter microstructures can be non-invasively characterized by advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Seven diffusion metrics were extracted from hybrid diffusion imaging acquisitions via classic diffusion tensor imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and q-space imaging. We investigated the sensitivity of the diffusion metrics in 36 sets of regions of interest in the brain white matter of six female patients(age 52.8 ± 4.3 years) with multiple sclerosis. Each region of interest set included a conventional T2-defined lesion, a matched perilesion area, and normal-appearing white matter. Six patients with multiple sclerosis(n = 5) or clinically isolated syndrome(n = 1) at a mild to moderate disability level were recruited. The patients exhibited microstructural alterations from normal-appearing white matter transitioning to perilesion areas and lesions, consistent with decreased tissue restriction, decreased axonal density, and increased classic diffusion tensor imaging diffusivity. The findings suggest that diffusion compartment modeling and q-spa ce analysis appeared to be sensitive for detecting subtle microstructural alterations between perilesion areas and normal-appearing white matter.

关键词： multiple sclerosis hybrid diffusion imaging NODDI diffusion tensor imaging q-space imaging

CD4^＋ T-cell dependence of primary CD8^＋ T-cell response against vaccinia virus depends upon route of infection and viral dose

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第1期13卷 82-93页

作者： Zhuting Hu Michael J Molloy Edward J Usherwood _Department of Microbiology and Immunology Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon NH USA

CD4^＋ T-cell help （CD4 help） plays a pivotal role in CD8^＋ T-cell responses against viral infections. However, the role in primary CD8^＋ T-cell responses remains controversial. We evaluated the effects of infection route and viral dose on primary CD8^＋ T-cell responses to vaccinia virus （VACV） in MHC class II^-/- mice. CD4 help deficiency diminished the generation of VACV-specific CD8^＋ T cells after intraperitoneal （i.p.） but not after intranasal （i.n.） infection. A large viral dose could not restore normal expansion of VACV-specific CD8^＋ T cells in i.p. infected MHC II-/- mice. In contrast, dependence on CD4 help was observed in i.n. infected MHC II-/- mice when a small viral dose was used. These data suggested that primary CD8~ T-cell responses are less dependent on CD4 help in i.n. infection compared to i.p. infection. Activated CD8~ T cells produced more I FN-y, TNF-a and granzyme B in i.n. infected mice than those in i.p. infected mice, regardless of CD4 help. IL-2 signaling via CD25 was not necessary to drive expansion of VACV-specific CD8~ T cells in i.n. infection, but it was crucial in i.p. infection. VACV-specific CD8^＋ T cells underwent increased apoptosis in the absence of CD4 help, but proliferated normally and had cytotoxic potential, regardless of infection route. Our results indicate that route of infection and viral dose are two determinants for CD4 help dependence, and intranasal infection induces more potent effector CD8^＋ T cells than i.D. infection.

关键词： CD4 help MHC II^-/- mice primary CD8^+ T-cell response vaccinia virus

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

癌症化学预防:过去,现在和未来(英文)

化学进展 2013年第9期25卷 1421-1428页

作者： Michael B. Sporn Karen T. Liby Department of Pharmacology Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Hanover New Hampshire 03755 USA

本文将对癌症化学预防的发展历史、研究现状及其未来前景作一简要评述,主要包括以下内容:癌症化学预防的科学基础,正在使用的癌症化学预防药物,对新合成药物的需求,以及面临的挑战等。本文尤其强调了联合用药在有效的癌症预防中的重要性。

关键词：化学预防癌症选择性雌激素受体调控剂 rexinoids 三萜

High school sports programs differentially impact participation by sex

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2015年第3期4卷 282-288页

作者： Keith M. Drake Meghan R. Longacre Todd MacKenzie Linda J. Titus Michael L. Beach Andrew G. Rundle Madeline A. Dalton Hood Center for Children and Families Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon NH 03756 USA Department of Pediatrics Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon NH 03756 USA Department of Community and Family medicine Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon NH 03756 USA Department of medicine Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon NH 03756 USA Department of Anesthesiology Dartmouth--Hitcheock Medical Center Lebanon NH 03756 USA Department of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University New York NY 10032 USA

Background： Among numerous health benefits, sports participation has been shown to reduce the risk of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. schools represent an ideal environment for increasing sports participation, but it is unclear how access and choice influence participation and whether characteristics of the school sports program differentially influence boys＇ and girls＇ participation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of high school athletic programs and determine the extent to which these characteristics influenced boys＇ and girls＇ sports team participation. Methods： Longitudinal telephone surveys were conducted with 1244 New Hampshire and Vermont students. Students self-reported their sports team participation at baseline （elementary school） and follow-up （high school）. High school personnel were surveyed to assess sports oppor- tunities, which were defined for this analysis as the number of sports offered per 100 students （i.e., choice） and the percent of sports offered that did not restrict the number of players （i.e., access）. Results： Approximately 70% of children participated on at least one sports team, including 73% of boys and 66% of girls. We detected sta- tistically significant interactions between sex and two school opportunity variables： 1） the number of sports offered per 100 students （i.e., choice） and 2） the percent of sports offered that did not restrict the number of players （i.e., access）. After controlling for children＇s baseline sports participation and other covariates, boys were more likely to play on at least one sports team per year if their school did not restrict participation in the most popular sports （relative risk, RR = 1.12, p 〈 0.01）; in contrast, girls were more likely to play on at least one sports team per year if their school offered a wider variety of sports （RR = 1.47, p 〈 0.001）. Conclusion： Sports participation has previously been shown to confer a number of health benefits; as

关键词： Adolescents Gender equity High school students school athletic programs Sex differences Sports participation

The role of VISTA in the tumor microenvironment

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2022年第1期8卷 365-378页

作者： Dina Rabadi Alia A.Sajani Randolph J.Noelle J.Louise Lines Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNH 03755USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology Norris Cotton Cancer CenterGeisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanonNH 03756USA

V-domain Ig Suppressor of T cell Activation(VISTA)is a negative immune checkpoint that is expressed on multiple immune cell subsets and has been characterized in T cells,macrophages,and myeloid-derived suppressor *** the only immune checkpoint expressed on naïve T cells,VISTA contributes to the maintenance of T cell quiescence and *** also regulates multiple myeloid cell activities such as chemotaxis,differentiation,and *** the context of cancer,antagonistic monoclonal antibody targeting of VISTA has been shown to aid anti-tumor ***,combination therapies that include other immune checkpoints such as PD-1 or CTLA-4 with VISTA blockade may enhance therapeutic efficacy in a variety of *** therapy may help overcome adaptive resistance to individual checkpoint therapies,thereby improving patient outcomes and ***,we summarize the role of VISTA in myeloid cells and T cells within the tumor *** discuss the proposed counter-receptors for VISTA,VISTA antibodies currently in development,and the potential for combination therapies with checkpoint inhibitors such as PD-1 and CTLA-4.

关键词： VISTA cancer MDSC immune checkpoint

<i>In Vitro</i>Characterization of Docetaxel as a Radiosensitizer in Canine and Feline Cancer Cell Lines

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Veterinary medicine 2012年第4期2卷 285-292页

作者： Cheryl E. Balkman Tracy L. Gieger Marsha M. Zgola Lionel D. Lewis Margaret C. McEntee Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca USA Department of medicine The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon USA

An In Vitro study was conducted to investigate docetaxel as a radiation sensitizer in four canine (mammary carcinoma—CMT12 and CMT25, osteosarcoma—OS2.4, and transitional cell carcinoma—PTCC), and one feline cancer cell line (oral squamous cell carcinoma—SCCF1) to provide a basis for combination therapy in clinical patients. Cells were exposed to docetaxel followed by a single dose of radiation. The percent surviving fraction was determined by MTT assay. The combination index (CI) method determined synergistic cytotoxicity for the CMT12, CMT25 and OS2.4 cell lines with median CI values of 0.35, 0.47, 0.63 respectively. The SCCF1 cell line had moderate synergistic cytotoxicity with a median CI of 0.76, while the PTCC cell line resulted in antagonistic cytoxicity with a median CI of 2.75. The results indicated that docetaxel was a radiation sensitizer in 4 out of the 5 cancer cell lines tested.

关键词： Docetaxel Chemotherapy Radiation Therapy In Vitro