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The dopaminergic system and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2495-2512页

作者： Yuhan Zhang Yuan Liang Yixue Gu International medical college Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina college of Pharmacy Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of NeurologyChongqingChina

Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder in older *** its prevalence,its pathogenesis remains unclea *** addition to the most widely accepted causes,which in clude excessive amyloid-beta aggregation,tau hyperphosphorylation,and deficiency of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine,numerous studies have shown that the dopaminergic system is also closely associated with the occurrence and development of this *** is a crucial catecholaminergic neurotransmitter in the human ***-associated treatments,such as drugs that target dopamine receptor D and dopamine analogs,can improve cognitive function and alleviate psychiatric symptoms as well as ameliorate other clinical *** r,therapeutics targeting the dopaminergic system are associated with various adverse reactions,such as addiction and exacerbation of cognitive *** review summarizes the role of the dopaminergic system in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease,focusing on currently available dopamine-based therapies for this disorder and the common side effects associated with dopamine-related *** aim of this review is to provide insights into the potential connections between the dopaminergic system and Alzheimer's disease,thus helping to clarify the mechanisms underlying the condition and exploring more effective therapeutic options.

关键词： adverse drug reaction Alzheimer's disease catecholamine dopamine receptor dopamine receptor heterodimers dopaminergic system neurodegenerative disease neurotransmitter signaling pathways traditional Chinese medicine treatment

Neuroprotective potential for mitigating ischemia-reperfusion-induced damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2199-2217页

作者： Zi Ye Runqing Liu Hangxing Wang Aizhen Zuo Cen Jin Nan Wang Huiqi Sun Luqian Feng Hua Yang The clinical medical college Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal MedicinePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina School of medical Imaging Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Division of Gastroenterology First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina The Second clinical medical college Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina

Reperfusion following cerebral ischemia causes both structural and functional damage to brain tissue and could aggravate a patient's condition;this phenomenon is known as cerebral ischemia-reperfusion *** studies have elucidated the neuroprotective role of the sirtuin protein family(Sirtuins)in modulating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion ***,the potential of utilizing it as a novel intervention target to influence the prognosis of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury requires additional *** this review,the origin and research progress of Sirtuins are summarized,suggesting the involvement of Sirtuins in diverse mechanisms that affect cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury,including inflammation,oxidative stress,blood-brain barrier damage,apoptosis,pyroptosis,and *** therapeutic avenues related to Sirtuins that may improve the prognosis of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury were also investigated by modulating Sirtuins expression and affecting representative pathways,such as nuclear factor-kappa B signaling,oxidative stress mediated by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase,and the forkhead box *** review also summarizes the potential of endogenous substances,such as RNA and hormones,drugs,dietary supplements,and emerging therapies that regulate Sirtuins *** review also reveals that regulating Sirtuins mitigates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury when combined with other risk *** Sirtuins show promise as a potential target for the treatment of cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury,most recent studies are based on rodent models with circadian rhythms that are distinct from those of humans,potentially influencing the efficacy of Sirtuinstargeting drug ***,this review provides new insights into the role of Sirtuins in the pathology and treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

关键词： apoptosis autophagy blood-brain barrier dietary supplements drug hormones inflammation neuroprotection oxidative stress prognosis pyroptosis reperfusion injury risk factors RNA therapeutics

Gentiopicroside Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Suppressing Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Vascular Endothelial Cells via SIRT1/Nrf2 Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2025年第2期31卷 118-130页

作者： LI Zhu-qing ZHANG Feng LI Qi WANG Li SUN Xiao-qiang LI Chao YIN Xue-mei LIU Chun-lei WANG Yan-xin DU Xiao-yu LU Cheng-zhi Department of Cardiology Tianjin First Central HospitalTianjin300192China The first Central clinical School Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China Department of Cardiology The First College of Clinical Medical ScienceChina Three Gorges University&Yichang Central People’s HospitalYichangHubei Province443003China School of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjin300071China

Objective:To evaluate the protective effects of gentiopicroside(GPS)against reactive oxygen species(ROS)-induced NOD-like receptor family,pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome activation in endothelial cells,aiming to reduce ***:Eight-week-old male ApoE-deficient mice were randomly divided into 2 groups(n=10 per group):the vehicle group and the GPS treatment *** groups were fed a high-fat diet for 16 ***(40 mg/kg per day)was administered by oral gavage to the GPS group,while the vehicle group received an equivalent volume of the vehicle *** the end of the treatment,blood and aortic tissues were collected for assessments of atherosclerosis,lipid profiles,oxidative stress,and molecular expressions related to NLRP3 inflammasome activation,ROS production,and ***,in vitro experiments on human aortic endothelial cells treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)were conducted to evaluate the effects of GPS on NLRP3 inflammasome activation,pyroptosis,apoptosis,and ROS production,specifically examining the role of the sirtuin 1(SIRT1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)***1 and Nrf2 inhibitors were used to confirm the pathway's ***:GPS treatment significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesions in the en face aorta(P<0.01),as well as in the thoracic and abdominal aortic regions,and markedly decreased sinus lesions within the aortic root(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Additionally,GPS reduced oxidative stress markers and proinflammatory cytokines,including interleukin(IL)-1βand IL-18,in lesion areas(P<0.05,P<0.01).In vitro,GPS inhibited ox-LDL-induced NLRP3 activation,as evidenced by reduced NLRP3(P<0.01),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD,cleaved-caspase-1,and cleavedgasdermin D expressions(all P<0.01).GPS also decreased ROS production,apoptosis,and pyroptosis,with the beneficial effects being significantly reversed by SIRT1 or Nrf2 ***:GPS exe

关键词： endothelial dysfunction gentiopicroside NLRP3 inflammasome SIRT1 nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Chinese medicine

Mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2025年第1期24卷 76-83页

作者： Xia Chen Rui Zhong Bing Hu Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Gastroenterology Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChengdu 610500China

The mechanism of cell damage during acute pancreatitis (AP) has not been fully elucidated, and there is still a lack of specific or effective treatments. Increasing evidence has implicated mitochondrial dysfunction as a key event in the pathophysiology of AP. Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to calcium (Ca^(2+)) overload, intracellular adenosine triphosphate depletion, mitochondrial permeability transition pore openings, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, mitophagy damage and inflammatory responses. Mitochondrial dysfunction is an early triggering event in the initiation and development of AP,and this organelle damage may precede the release of inflammatory cytokines, intracellular trypsin activation and vacuole formation of pancreatic acinar cells. This review provides further insight into the role of mitochondria in both physiological and pathophysiological aspects of AP, aiming to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanism which may lead to the development of therapeutic and preventive strategies for AP.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Autophagy Calcium Cell death Inflammation Mitochondria Mitophagy

Impact of triglyceride-glucose index on the long-term prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients receiving immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第5期31卷 68-83页

作者： Zhi-Yuan Yao Xiao Ma Yong-Zheng Cui Jie Liu Zheng-Xiang Han Jun Song Department of Oncology The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical CollegeXuzhou 221000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Oncology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Radiotherapy The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical CollegeXuzhou 221000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical CollegeXuzhou 221000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of death *** advancements in immunotherapies,patient prognosis remains poor,necessitating the identification of key prognostic factors to optimize the treatment *** resistance,as indicated by the triglyceride glucose(TyG)index,is increasingly recognized for its impact on cancer progression and immune modulation,and its potential role in GC prognosis is of particular *** To investigate whether the TyG index,a surrogate marker of insulin resistance,can predict the prognosis of patients with advanced GC receiving immunotherapy combined with *** This retrospective study included 300 patients with advanced GC who received sintilimab combined with *** patients were categorized into two groups according to high or low TyG index,and independent prognostic factors for overall survival(OS)were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis,which led to the development of a nomogram *** Of the included patients,136 had a high TyG index and 164 had a low TyG *** median progression-free survival of the high TyG index group was significantly longer than that of the low TyG index ***,the median OS of the high TyG index group was significantly longer than that of the low TyG index *** ob-jective response and disease control rates in the two groups were 18.38%vs 9.15%and 58.82%vs 46.95%,*** significant difference was noted in the incidence of adverse reactions at any level between the two groups(P>0.05).In multivariate analysis,the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score,programmed cell death ligand 1 expression,and TyG index acted as independent prognostic factors for *** these factors,the hazard ratio of the TyG index was 0.36(95%confidence interval:0.36-0.55,P<0.001),and the nomogram model re-emphasized its importance as the main predictor of patient prognos

关键词： Triglyceride glucose index Gastric cancer Sintilimab Prognostic model Efficacy Safety

Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Cardiac Electrophysiology and clinical Diagnosis with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computational Modeling Techniques

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2025年第1期30卷 53-65页

作者： ZHAN Heqin HAN Guilail WEI Chuan'an LI Zhiqun college of Biomedical Information and Engineering Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199China Radiology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHainan Medical UniversityHaikou570102China

The underlying electrophysiological mechanisms and clinical treatments of cardiovascular diseases,which are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,have gotten a lot of attention and been widely explored in recent *** the way,techniques such as medical imaging,computing modeling,and artificial intelligence(AI)have always played significant roles in above *** this article,we illustrated the applications of AI in cardiac electrophysiological research and disease *** summarized general principles of AI and then focused on the roles of AI in cardiac basic and clinical studies incorporating magnetic resonance imaging and computing modeling *** main challenges and perspectives were also analyzed.

关键词： artificial intelligence(AI) magnetic resonance imaging computing modeling cardiovascular disease

Impact of microplastics on the human digestive system:From basic to clinical

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第4期31卷 8-23页

作者： Ya-Fen Wang Xin-Yi Wang Bang-Jie Chen Yi-Pin Yang Hao Li Fan Wang Department of Radiation Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022Anhui ProvinceChina first clinical medical college Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230000Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022Anhui ProvinceChina

As a new type of pollutant,the harm caused by microplastics(MPs)to organisms has been the research ***,the proportion of MPs ingested through the digestive tract has gradually increased with the popularity of fast-food products,such as *** damage to the digestive system has attracted increasing *** reviewed the literature regarding toxicity of MPs and observed that they have different effects on multiple organs of the digestive *** mechanism may be related to the toxic effects of MPs themselves,interactions with various substances in the biological body,and participation in various signaling pathways to induce adverse reactions as a carrier of toxins to increase the time and amount of body *** on the toxicity mechanism of MPs,we propose specific suggestions to provide a theoretical reference for the government and relevant departments.

关键词： Microplastics Digestive system Oxidative stress Metabolism Toxicity

NIR driven catalytic enhanced acute lung injury therapy by using polydopamine@Co nanozyme via scavenging ROS

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 337-343页

作者： Xiaoshuai Wu Bailei Wang Yichen Li Xiaoxuan Guan Mingjing Yin Wenquan Lv Yin Chen Fei Lu Tao Qin Huyang Gao Weiqian Jin Yifu Huang Cuiping Li Ming Gao Junyu Lu Intensive Care Unit The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Department of Critical Care Medicine The Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Life Sciences Institute Guangxi Medical University Department of Emergency The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University college & Hospital of Stomatology Guangxi Medical University Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Guangxi Medical University

Acute lung injury(ALI) was characterized by excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels and inflammatory response in the lung. Scavenging ROS could inhibit the excessive inflammatory response, further treating ALI. Herein, we designed a novel nanozyme(P@Co) comprised of polydopamine(PDA) nanoparticles(NPs) loading with ultra-small Co, combining with near infrared(NIR) irradiation, which could efficiently scavenge intracellular ROS and suppress inflammatory responses against ALI. For lipopolysaccharide(LPS) induced macrophages, P@Co + NIR presented excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities through lowering intracellular ROS levels, decreasing the expression levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) as well as inducing macrophage M2 directional polarization. Significantly, it displayed the outstanding activities of lowering acute lung inflammation, relieving diffuse alveolar damage, and up-regulating heat shock protein 70(HSP70) expression, resulting in synergistic enhanced ALI therapy effect. It offers a novel strategy for the clinical treatment of ROS related diseases.

关键词： Acute lung injury M2 directional polarization Nanozyme NIR driven ROS scavenging

Prevalence of malnutrition among adult inpatients in China:a nationwide cross-sectional study

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yan Liu Chunhua Song Xue Wang Xianghua Ma Pianhong Zhang Gaiyun Chen Zhenqian Cheng Juying Liu Ying Yao Wenjun Ma Zengning Li Ping Sun Fan Lin Weilian Hou Ting Han Ying Zhang Min Weng Wanying Shi Dagang Yang Ji Feng Junqiang Chen Li Li Hua Jiang Hongxia Xu Ruifang Guo Ying Liu Xiaopan Chen Qian Zhao Yumei Qi Qiang Chi Rong Liu Rui Xiong Tiantian Wu Shangfeng Tang Shuyan Guo Wei Chen Department of clinical Nutrition The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University Department of clinical Nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Department of clinical Nutrition Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Provincial Hospital Department of clinical Nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of China Department of clinical Nutrition Shanghai Tenth People’s HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Department of clinical Nutrition Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Department of clinical Nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Department of clinical Nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou medical university The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang university Department of clinical Nutrition Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi medical university Department of clinical Nutrition The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Institute for Emergency and Disaster Medicine Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China Department of clinical Nutrition Daping HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital Jilin People’s Hospital (Jilin) The first Affiliated Hospital of Hainan medical university Department of clinical Nutrition Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People’s Hospital Department of clinical Nutrition Tianjin Third Central Hospital The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin medical university Department of Epidemiology and Statistics College of Public HealthZhengzhou University The first Hospital of Lanzhou university Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital School of Medicine and Health Management Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong Uni

Malnutrition substantially contributes to adverse clinical ***,no national survey has been conducted to characterize its epidemiology in hospital settings in *** conducted the China Nutrition Fundamental Data 2020 project among a multistage stratified cluster sample of adult inpatients from 291 study sites across 30 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities(except for Hong Kong,Macao,Taiwan Province,and the Xizang Autonomous Region,please see MATERIALS AND METHODS for details of the causes) of China to generate reliable data on the prevalence of malnutrition and explore the associated risk *** collected information on participants' sociodemographic characteristics,physical examinations,and laboratory test *** was defined according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition(GLIM) *** standardized prevalence of malnutrition was calculated,and factors associated with malnutrition were examined using logistic regression *** included 54,652 individuals with seven systemic diseases who completed all the survey documents in the final *** overall prevalence of malnutrition was 12.5%,representing 7.6 million adult inpatients in *** prevalence of malnutrition was higher in men,individuals aged≥60 years,residents of central and western regions,people from lower economic areas,and those with lower education levels than in women,individuals aged<60 years,residents of eastern regions,individuals from higher economic areas,and those with higher education *** with higher disease severity scores,infectious diseases,and neoplasms had a higher tendency for malnutrition than those without such ***,age,region,economic level,education level,disease severity score,infectious diseases,and neoplasms were independently associated with *** conclusion,malnutrition is prevalent among Chinese adult inpatients,necessitating national-and hospital-level *** surv

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