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Alpiniae oxyphyllae Fructus ameliorates renal lipid accumulation in diabetic kidney disease via activating PPARα

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2025年第1期15卷 11-23,I0008-I0012页

作者： Zi-Jie Yan Lin Zhang Xin-Yao Han Yu Kang Shu-Man Liu Tian-Peng Ma Man Xiao Yi-Qiang Xie college of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199China first clinical college of Medicine of Guizhou university of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang 550002China Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Harbin 150001China Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education School of Basic Medicine and Life SciencesHainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199China

Objective:To investigate the effects of Alpiniae oxyphyllae Fructus(AOF)on renal lipid deposition in diabetic kidney disease(DKD)and elucidate its molecular ***:The mechanism of AOF in treating DKD was explored by network pharmacological enrichment analysis,molecular docking,and molecular dynamics *** effects of AOF on renal function and lipid deposition were assessed in a mouse model of DKD and high glucose-stressed HK-2 *** viability and lipid accumulation were detected by CCK8 and oil red O *** expressions of PPARαand fatty acid oxidation-related genes(ACOX1 and CPT1A)were detected by quantitative RT-PCR,Western blot,and ***,PPARαknockdown was performed to examine the molecular mechanism of AOF in treating ***:Network pharmacological enrichment analysis,molecular docking,and molecular dynamics simulation showed that the active compounds in AOF targeted PPARαand thus transcriptionally regulated ACOX1 and *** lowered blood glucose,improved dyslipidemia,and attenuated renal injury in DKD ***-containing serum accentuated high glucose-induced decrease in cell viability and ameliorated lipid ***,it significantly upregulated the expression of PPARα,ACOX1,and CPT1A in both in vivo and in vitro experiments,which was reversed by PPARα***:AOF may promote fatty acid oxidation via PPARαto ameliorate renal lipid deposition in DKD.

关键词： Diabetic kidney disease Alpiniae oxyphyllae Fructus Natural medicine Lipid accumulation PPARα Fatty acid oxidation

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Peficitinib suppresses diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor by targeting TYK2 and JAK/STAT signaling

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Shan Lu Chenxi Cao Wenjia Zhang Jiayi Li Jingli Yang Zisheng Huang Zhijun Wu Baitao Liu Hongjie Huang Haijun Wang Yongjian Wang Dingge Liu Zhihua Zhang Kaiping Liu Gang Yang Xi Gong Hui Dai Yingjia Li Erdan Dong Xin Zhang Yan Zhang Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third HospitalState Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling Peking University Department of Sports Medicine Peking University Third Hospital Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Molecular Medicine College of Future Technology Peking University Peking university Health Science Centre Peking University Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Sciences NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology Peking University Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital) School of Health and Life Sciences University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Research Unit of medical Science Research Management/Basic and clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor(dTGCT) is a destructive but rare benign proliferative synovial neoplasm. Although surgery is currently the main treatment modality for dTGCT, the recurrence risk is up to 50%. Therefore, there is a great need for effective drugs against dTGCT with minor side effects. The Janus kinase(JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT) signaling plays a central role in rheumatoid arthritis(RA), a disease with similar characteristics as dTGCT, but its function in dTGCT remains *** fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS) and macrophages were isolated from 10 synovial tissue samples from dTGCT patients for the screening and validation of the five clinically approved JAK inhibitors to treat RA against dTGCT. Cell viability, cell death, inflammation and the activity of the JAK family members of cultured dTGCT FLS(both 2-D and 3-D) and macrophages were investigated for the efficacy of the JAK inhibitors. Here, we found that similar to RA, JAK/STAT signaling was markedly activated in the dTGCT synovium. Of the 5 JAK inhibitors, peficitinib was shown to have the most potency in addressing some of the pathological responses of dTGCT FLS and *** potency of peficitinib was much higher than pexidartinib, which is the only FDA-approved drug for dTGCT. Mechanistically, peficitinib inhibited tyrosine kinase 2(TYK2), a JAK family member necessary for the pathological progression of dTGCT FLS and macrophages. In summary, we not only revealed JAK/STAT(especially TYK2) signaling as the major mechanism underlying dTGCT, but also identified peficitinib as a promising drug against dTGCT.

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Transforming osteosarcoma care:from historical milestones to precision medicine advances

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 290-294页

作者： Jichuan Wang David S.Geller Luyang Sun Xiaodong Tang Musculoskleletal Tumor Center Beijing Key Laboratory for Musculoskeletal TumorsPeking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100041China Department of Orthopedic Surgery Montefiore Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronx 10471USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China

Osteosarcoma(OS),one of the earliest recognized cancers in humans,is a rare yet significant malignant bone tumor,diagnosed in 2-6 cases per million annually[1].It predominantly affects adolescents and young adults,with a second peak in incidence occurring around age *** osteosarcoma typically arises in areas of rapid bone growth,such as the knee and shoulder,and often presents persistent bone pain and progressive *** osteosarcoma often has a classic radiographic appearance,diagnosis is ultimately confirmed histologically.

关键词： osteosarcoma diagnosis annually

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SpaGRA:Graph augmentation facilitates domain identification for spatially resolved transcriptomics

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2025年第1期52卷 93-104页

作者： Xue Sun Wei Zhang Wenrui Li Na Yu Daoliang Zhang Qi Zou Qiongye Dong Xianglin Zhang Zhiping Liu Zhiyuan Yuan Rui Gao Center of Intelligent Medicine School of Control Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinanShandong 250061China MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division of BNRIST Department of AutomationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Precision Medicine Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenGuangdong 518036China Department of clinical Laboratory The Second HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong 250033China Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Center for Medical Research and InnovationShanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Recent advances in spatially resolved transcriptomics(SRT)have provided new opportunities for characterizing spatial structures of various ***-based geometric deep learning has gained widespread adoption for spatial domain identification ***,most methods define adjacency relation between cells or spots by their spatial distance in SRT data,which overlooks key biological interactions like gene expression similarities,and leads to inaccuracies in spatial domain *** tackle this challenge,we propose a novel method,SpaGRA(https://***/sunxue-yy/SpaGRA),for automatic multi-relationship construction based on graph *** uses spatial distance as prior knowledge and dynamically adjusts edge weights with multi-head graph attention networks(GATs).This helps SpaGRA to uncover diverse node relationships and enhance message passing in geometric contrastive ***,SpaGRA uses these multi-view relationships to construct negative samples,addressing sampling bias posed by random *** results show that SpaGRA presents superior domain identification performance on multiple datasets generated from different *** SpaGRA,we analyze the functional regions in the mouse hypothalamus,identify key genes related to heart development in mouse embryos,and observe cancer-associated fibroblasts enveloping cancer cells in the latest Visium HD ***,SpaGRA can effectively characterize spatial structures across diverse SRT datasets.

关键词： Spatial domain identification Spatially resolved transcriptomics Multi-head graph attention networks Graph augmentation Geometric contrastive learning

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Yishen Tongluo Formula(益肾通络方) Ameliorates Kidney Injury via Modulating Inflammation and Apoptosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Kidney Disease Mice

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2025年

作者： YUAN Jiayao WU Suhui MENG Yufan LI Hanbing LI Genlin XU Jiangyan clinical Pharmacology Teaching and Research Office， School of Medicine， Henan university of Chinese Medicine School of Pharmacolog， Henan medical college Academy of Chinese medical Sciences， Henan university of Chinese Medicine

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of Yishen Tongluo formula (益肾通络方， YSTLF) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidney disease mice (DKD) mice. Methods: Thirty Institute of Cancer Research mice (specific pathogen free， SPF grade) were divided into five groups (n = 6 per group): control， DKD model， DKD model with YSTLF (4.9 g/kg)， DKD model with YSTLF (9.8 g/kg)， and DKD model with captopril. DKD was induced through a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (150 mg/kg). Body weight， fasting blood glucose and urine C-peptide levels were measured to assess metabolic regulation by YSTLF. Renal function was evaluated using indicators of glomerular and tubular health. Liver function was assessed by measuring aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels. Renal pathological changes were examined using hematoxylin/eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. Inflammatory and apoptosis-related factors were analyzed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay， immunohistochemistry， and western blot analysis. Results: In DKD mice， fasting blood glucose， C-peptide， 24-hour urine protein (UP) levels， and renal damage were elevated， accompanied by increased inflammation and apoptosis. YSTLF significantly reduced 24-hour UP and C-peptide levels and improved kidney and liver function in DKD mice. YSTLF also mitigated glomerular hypertrophy， basement membrane thickening， and podocyte foot process effacement. It upregulated the expression of the podocyte marker podocalyxin. Furthermore， YSTLF alleviated inflammation and apoptosis， likely by reducing the overexpression of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1)， Bax， and Caspase-3 in the kidneys of DKD mice. Conclusions: These findings suggest that YSTLF ameliorates kidney injury by modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokine MCP-1 and the Bax/Caspase-3 apoptosis pathway， providing a potential therapeutic approach for DKD.

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Research Progress on the Process Optimization and Stability Improvement of Third-generation Cephalosporins

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Medicinal Plant 2025年第1期16卷 23-26页

作者： Hao LIU Yanxi LAI Shengjiu GU Kaimei ZHU college of Pharmacy Guilin Medical UniversityGuilin 541199China

The latest progress in the process optimization and stability improvement of third-generation cephalosporins in recent years was *** introduction of green chemistry,enzyme catalysis,nanotechnology,lyophilization,and nitrogen-filled packaging technologies can only improve production efficiency and reduce the generation of by-products,but also significantly extend the shelf life of *** the future,process automation and intelligent technology will further optimize the large-scale production process,and the combination of nanotechnology and precision drug delivery will promote the improvement of effect in clinical applications.

关键词： Third-generation cephalosporins Process optimization Nanotechnology Green chemistry Drug stability

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Metabolome and transcriptome association study reveals biosynthesis of specialized benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in Phellodendron amurense

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2025年第1期17卷 178-188页

作者： Tingxia Liu Wanran Zhang Sijia Wang Ya Tian Yifan Wang Ranran Gao Shilin Chen Wei Sun Wei Ma Zhichao Xu college of Pharmaceutical Sciences Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences college of Life Sciences Northeast Forestry University

Objective:Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids(BIAs) have pharmacological functions and clinical *** are mainly distributed in plant species across the order Ranunculales and the genus Phellodendron from *** BIA biosynthesis has been intensively investigated in Ranunculales ***,the accumulation mechanism of BIAs in Phellodendron is largely *** aim of this study is to unravel the biosynthetic pathways of BIAs in Phellodendron ***:The transcriptome and metabolome data from 18 different tissues of *** were meticulously sequenced and subsequently subjected to a thorough *** gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),a powerful systems biology approach that facilitates the construction and subsequent analysis of co-expression networks,was utilized to identify candidate genes involved in BIAs *** this,recombinant plasmids containing candidate genes were expressed in Escherichia coli,a widely used prokaryotic expression *** purpose of this genetic engineering endeavor was to express the candidate genes within the bacteria,thereby enabling the assessment of the resultant enzyme ***:The synonymous substitutions per synonymous site for paralogs indicated that at least one whole genome duplication event has *** potential BIA biosynthetic pathway of *** was proposed,and two PR10/Bet v1 members,14 CYP450s,and 33 methyltransferases were selected as related to BIA *** PR10/Bet v1 was identified as norcoclaurine synthase,which could catalyze dopamine and 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde into(S)-***:Our studies provide important insights into the biosynthesis and evolution of BIAs in nonRanunculales species.

关键词： benzylisoquinoline alkaloids biosynthesis evolution norcoclaurine synthase Phellodendron amurense Rupr

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Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of epilepsy: electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy and new technologies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 917-935页

作者： Dian Jiao Lai Xu Zhen Gu Hua Yan Dingding Shen Xiaosong Gu Academy of medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Affiliated Hospital of Nantong university NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Epilepsy is a severe,relapsing,and multifactorial neurological *** regarding the accurate diagnosis,prognosis,and in-depth pathogenesis are crucial for the precise and effective treatment of *** pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex and involves alterations in variables such as gene expression,protein expression,ion channel activity,energy metabolites,and gut microbiota *** results are lacking for conventional treatments for *** resection of lesions,drug therapy,and non-drug interventions are mainly used in clinical practice to treat pain associated with ***-pharmacological treatments,such as a ketogenic diet,gene therapy for nerve regeneration,and neural regulation,are currently areas of research *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,and treatments of *** also elaborates on the theoretical basis,treatment modes,and effects of invasive nerve stimulation in neurotherapy,including percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation,deep brain electrical stimulation,repetitive nerve electrical stimulation,in addition to non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current *** studies have shown that electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy can markedly improve neurological function and reduce the frequency of epileptic ***,many new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy are being ***,current research is mainly focused on analyzing patients’clinical manifestations and exploring relevant diagnostic and treatment methods to study the pathogenesis at a molecular level,which has led to a lack of consensus regarding the mechanisms related to the disease.

关键词： diagnosis drug treatment electroencephalography epilepsy monitoring epilepsy nerve regeneration neurostimulation non-drug interventions pathogenesis prediction

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Liver parasites:A global endemic and journey from infestation to intervention

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 8-15页

作者： Yumna Shahid Bushra Emman Shahab Abid Department of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyAga Khan University HospitalKarachi 75500SindhPakistan Aga Khan medical college Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 75500SindhPakistan

Parasites have coexisted with humans throughout history,forming either symbiotic relationships or causing significant morbidity and *** liver is particularly vulnerable to parasitic infections,which can reside in,pass through,or be transported to the liver,leading to severe *** editorial explores various parasites that infect the liver,their clinical implications,and diagnostic considerations,as discussed in the article“Parasites of the liver:A global problem?”.Parasites reach the liver primarily through oral ingestion,mucosal penetration,or the bloodstream,with some larvae even penetrating the *** parasites such as cestodes(Echinococcus),trematodes(Clonorchis,Opisthorchis),nematodes(Ascaris),and protozoa(Entamoeba histolytica)can also cause systemic infections like visceral leishmaniasis,malaria,cryptosporidiosis,and *** infections like clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis are linked to persistent hepatobiliary inflammation,potentially progressing to cholangiocarcinoma,a fatal bile duct cancer,particularly prevalent in Southeast *** global nature of liver parasite infestations is alarming,with hundreds of millions affected ***,control over treatment quality remains *** the significant public health threat posed by these parasites,international medical organizations must prioritize improved diagnosis,treatment,and preventive *** educational efforts and enhancing healthcare provider training are critical steps toward mitigating the global impact of parasitic liver diseases.

关键词： Liver flukes Nematodes Cestodes Trematodes Protozoa Parasites

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A novel flexible nerve guidance conduit promotes nerve regeneration while providing excellent mechanical properties

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2084-2094页

作者： Tong Li Quhan Cheng Jingai Zhang Boxin Liu Yu Shi Haoxue Wang Lijie Huang Su Zhang Ruixin Zhang Song Wang Guangxu Lu Peifu Tang Zhongyang Liu Kai Wang Department of Orthopedics the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Department of Training and Sports Medicine Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People’s Armed Police ForceTianjinChina medical School of Chinese PLA BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjinChina Department of Orthopedics Tianjin HospitalTianjinChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Er Quan Hospital of PAPWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

Autografting is the gold standard for surgical repair of nerve defects>5 mm in length;however,autografting is associated with potential complications at the nerve donor *** an alternative,nerve guidance conduits may be *** ideal conduit should be flexible,resistant to kinks and lumen collapse,and provide physical cues to guide nerve *** designed a novel flexible conduit using electrospinning technology to create fibers on the innermost surface of the nerve guidance conduit and employed melt spinning to align ***,we prepared disordered electrospun fibers outside the aligned fibers and helical melt-spun fibers on the outer wall of the electrospun fiber *** presence of aligned fibers on the inner surface can promote the extension of nerve cells along the *** helical melt-spun fibers on the outer surface can enhance resistance to kinking and compression and provide *** novel conduit promoted nerve regeneration and functional recovery in a rat sciatic nerve defect model,suggesting that it has potential for clinical use in human nerve injuries.

关键词： aligned fibers anti-kinking helical fibers nerve guidance conduit nerve regeneration peripheral nerve injury topological guidance

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