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Performance Evaluation of Dry Season Okra under Sawdust and Trash Mulch Cover Treatments in Southwestern Nigeria

Open Journal of Soil Science 2013年第8期3卷 337-341页

作者： Oladipo Isaac Olaposi Adewumi Johnson Kayode Dairo Olawale Usman Adejuyigbe Samuel Babatope Ajayi Ebenezer Ayodele department of agricultural engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria department of agricultural engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria department of Mechanical engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria the federal polytechnic department of agricultural and bioenvironmental engineering pmb Ado Ekiti Nigeria

This paper reports the experimental investigation of the agronomic performance of okra under various quantities of both sawdust and trash mulches. The location of the field was the research farmland of the federal polytechnic Ado Ekiti Nigeria;Lat 6?N and Long 16?E. The experimental design used was complete randomized design with 6 treatments on both specimens. The experiments were repeated the following year on the same plot but with transposed plot allocation. Soil moisture loss from uncovered plot was with the highest value dropping to less than 2 per cent. It was followed by that of trash plot and the lowest loss was on sawdust mulched plot. The number of leave formed by okra on sawdust, trash and no mulch plots was 43, 36 and 27 respectively while maximum girth diameter was 37 mm in both trash and sawdust covered plots but okra plant on control plot attained only 26 mm diameter. Fruit yield were almost similar to trash and sawdust mulched okra having 7.5 and 7.6 Tonnes/Ha respectively while control plot recorded 5.2 Tonnes/Ha. The ash content of dry matter of sawdust, trash and no mulched plants was 0.25, 0.20 and 0.17 kg respectively. It was concluded that sawdust could perform as much as the traditional trash materials commonly used in Southwestern Nigeria. Also, sawdust was a good material for conserving soil moisture.

关键词： Evapotranspiration Carbon Capture Agronomic Development Soil Moisture Climate Change

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Bioactive and nutritional characterization of modeled and optimized consumer-ready flakes from pseudocereal(Amaranthus viridis), high-protein soymeal and modified corn starch

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2021年第1期3卷 136-148页

作者： Temitope Omolayo Fasuan Kenneth Chigozie Asadu Cynthia Chioma Anyiam Linda Obianuju Ojokoh Titilope Modupe Olagunju Judith Uchenna Chima Kingsley Osita Okpara department of Food Technology Akanu Ibiam Federal PolytechnicUnwanaEbonyiStateNigeria department of Science Laboratory Science Akanu Ibiam Federal PolytechnicUnwanaEbonyiStateNigeria department of agricultural and Environmental engineering Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeNigeria

Flake is consumed in many parts of the *** are majorly prepared from ***,most flakes are deficient in protein and some other healthful ***-protein soymeal is rich in protein,mineral,amino acids,antioxidants,and other healthful *** flakes with high-protein soymeal would improve the health status of *** work investigated consumer-ready flake from amaranth,high-protein soymeal,and modified corn starch produced under the optimized condition and characterized with the aim to develop models that would give a healthful consumer-ready *** viridis,corn,and soybean grains were sorted,wet-cleaned,and *** grains were processed into high-protein soymeal,starch was extracted from corn grains while *** grains were processed into *** flour mixtures were developed into flakes using three-level factorial categoric factor design of response surface *** flakes were analyzed using standard *** flour mixtures of high-protein soymeal(34.78 g/100 g),amaranth(56.52 g/100 g),and modified corn starch(8.70 g/100 g)were *** showed the optimized flakes contained per 100 g:29.05 g protein,6.00 g fat,4.10 g fibre,3.84 g ash,8.96 g moisture,249.74 mg calcium,272.35 mg magnesium,12.08 mg iron,618.42 mg phosphorus,6.41 mg niacin,4.85 mg pyridoxine,0.21 g tannin,1.85 mg phytate,2.96 mg alkaloids,908.24GAE total phenolics and 12.75mgRE flavonoids with good quality characteristics in amino *** study illustrated the feasibility of formulating quality consumer-ready flakes from amaranth,high-protein soymeal,and modified corn *** production process is scalable and could be employed for both domestic and industrial purposes.

关键词： High-protein soymeal Modified corn starch Amaranth Optimized consumer-ready flakes Modeling Characterization

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Effects of processing parameters of Roselle seed on its oil yield

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2011年第1期4卷 82-86页

作者： A.Isaac Bamgboye Oyebola I.Adejumo department of agricultural and Environmental engineering University of IbadanIbadanNigeria department of agricultural engineering The Federal PolytechnicP.M.B.55BidaNigeria

The effect of the processing parameters of Roselle seed on its oil yield was *** seeds were ground and classified into two particle sizes(fine and coarse)using ASAE Standard *** samples were conditioned by adding calculated amount of distilled water to different moisture levels from the initial moisture levels of 4.4%and 5.14%respectively,(fine,4.4%,6.4%,8.4%and 10.4%and coarse samples 5.14%,7.14%,9.14%and 11.14%w.b.).The samples were heated at different temperatures of 80,90,100 and 110℃over a period of 15,20,25 and 30 min,expressed at 15,22.5,30 and 37.5 MPa using hydraulic oil extractor for 10,20,30 and 40 *** yield increases by 5%-6%with an increase in the processing parameters of pressure up to 30 MPa,temperature of 100℃and decreased beyond these *** yield increased by 7%-8%with an increase in moisture *** ground samples were found to have higher yield than coarsely ground samples at the different processing *** parameters were found to affect the yield of oil from Roselle seeds.

关键词： Roselle seed moisture level temperature pressure hydraulic oil extractor

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Investigation of extracted Sclerocarya birrea seed oil as a bioenergy resource for compression ignition engines

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2012年第3期5卷 59-67页

作者： Ejilah Robinson Abdulkadir Lukman Adisa Bello department of Mechanical engineering Technology Federal PolytechnicBauchiNigeria Mechanical engineering Programme Abubakar Tafawa Balewa UniversityBauchiNigeria

Sclerocarya birrea(Marula)seed oil was extracted and characterized for its physico-chemical properties and fatty acid compositions,respectively,by using standardized laboratory methods of the Association of Official and Analytical Chemist(AOAC).The fuel and lubrication properties of marula oil were also determined by using the ASTM methods,and the oil was evaluated in terms of its antiwear,viscometrics,volatility,stability,environmental compatibility properties and energy *** was found that the high percentage of mono-unsaturated oleic acid(73.6%)provided the oiliness that makes marula oil a natural alternative to genetically modify high oleic acid sunflower oil used in biodiesel *** aggregate properties of seed oiliness as exemplified by the high oleic acid content,high saponification value(178.6 mg/KOH)and viscosity(41 mm2/s)makes marula oil to be prospective based oil for engine crank case biolubricants with antiwear and friction reduction ***,the higher oil viscosity exhibited by marula seed oil in comparison to diesel could pose some durability problems to compression ignition engines,when used directly as ***,the reduction of oil viscosity would be required by heating,blending with diesel fuel,or by transesterification to forestall the risk of engine failure resulting from the use of unmodified marula *** flash point of marula oil(235℃)is somewhat close to that of monograde SAE 40 mineral oil(240℃),and appreciably higher than that of diesel fuel(52℃).The high flash point makes the seed oil less flammable and ensures safer handling and ***,the low pour point(-13.7℃)ensures the oil usability for engines at cold start and under low load *** oxidation stability of marula oil is ascribed to the traces of natural antioxidants presented in the oil and improves the oil’s shelf life,notwithstanding the high peroxide value(4.58 mequiv/kg),and linolenic acid content(0.3%),which ought to have be

关键词： marula seed oil high oleic acid oxidation stability cetane number heating value bioenergy resource compression ignition engine

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Efficiency test of adapted EGEM model in predicting ephemeral gully erosion around Mubi,Northeast Nigeria

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2015年第1期3卷 15-27页

作者： Ijasini John Tekwa John Matthew Laflen Abubakar Musa Kundiri department of agricultural Technology Federal PolytechnicP.M.B 35 MubiAdamawa StateNigeria department of agricultural and Biological engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA department of Soil Science Federal University DutseP.M.B 7156 DutseJigawa StateNigeria

A field adaptation test of the Ephemeral Gully Erosion Model(EGEM)to predict ephemeral gully(EG)erosion was carried out in the 2008 and 2009 farming seasons in the Mubi area,NE *** use,conservation practices,and EG channel features were measured and/or noted at each *** loss varied among the sites and *** measured area,volume,and mass of soil loss were used to test the standard EGEM_(std),and the adapted models'(EGEM_(Ad) and EGEM_(Al))prediction *** result showed that EGEM_(std) could not predict the area of soil loss *** EGEM_(Ad) and EGEM_(Al) were efficient and better adapted to predicting area,volume,and mass loss from EG *** adapted models are therefore strongly recommended for implementation in the study area.

关键词： Ephemeral gully EGEM Soil loss Prediction Semi-arid Nigeria

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Production of Bio Fuel Using Green Algea

Production of Bio Fuel Using Green Algea

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作者： John Chigbo Onu department of agricultural engineering federal polytechnic Oko Anambra state Nigeria

Hydrogen gas is thought to be the ideal fuel for a world in which air pollution has been alleviated, global warming has been arrested, and the environment has been protected in an economically sustainable manner. Hydrogen and electricity could team to provide attractive options in transportation and power generation. Interconversion between these two forms of energy suggests on-site utilization of hydrogen to generate electricity, with the electrical power grid serving in energy transportation, distribution utilization, and hydrogen regeneration as needed. A challenging problem in establishing H as a source of energy for the future is the renewable and environmentally friendly generation of large quantities of H gas. Thus, processes that are presently conceptual in nature, or at a developmental stage in the laboratory, need to be encouraged, tested for feasibility, and otherwise applied toward commercialization.

关键词： Bio fuel electricity global warming and Green-Algea

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Evaluation of Temporal Changes in Deep Well Water Quality in Igabi Local Government Area of Kaduna State

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第1期11卷 22-33页

作者： John Jiya Musa Otuaro Ebierni Akpoebidimiyen Mohammed Tanimu Musa Pius Olusegun Olufemi Dada Elijah Tsado Musa department of agricultural and Bioresources engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria Civil engineering department Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria department of agricultural and Bio-Environmental engineering Kaduna Polytechnic Kaduna Nigeria department of agricultural and Bioresources engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Central Research Laboratory University of Ilorin Ilorin Nigeria

The research work was carried out in Igabi Local Government of Kaduna State. Thirty water samples from boreholes were randomly collected within the major towns in November to April (Dry), and May to October (Rainy season). The samples were analyzed for physical, chemical, and bacteriological parameters and to observe any changes in the groundwater quality of the area. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson Correlation were performed on the data obtained using SPSS 10.0 for a window for significant variations and inter-element relationship. High mean turbidity was recorded in boreholes in Danfili (12.2 NTU), Kwarau (6.2 NTU). Mean turbidity of 4.3 NTU was recorded in Dry season for wells with Rigachikun having 5.1 NTU. It was observed that a negative correlation exists between well depth and heavy metal concentration. There was also a linear relationship of 0.686 between well distance and nitrate (faecal contaminant). Mean value for Fluoride (0.22 mg/l), Sodium (20.78 mg/l), Calcium (15.7 mg/l), Iron (0.013 mg/l), Nitrate (3.69 mg/l), Cadmium (0.00102 mg/l) Chloride (22.107 mg/l) recorded for sampled wells were all within WHO standard. A high value of 24 mg/l and 25 mg/l for Nitrate was recorded in Saminaka Road and Danfili. An indication of contamination during the rainy season indicates surface-groundwater intrusion (influx). The results of the bacteriological analysis indicated that most wells sampled have a range of 1 cfu/100 ml to 7 cfu/100 ml with Danfili Mani having the highest value (7 cfu/100 ml) which make it unsaved (not Potable).

关键词： Temporal Change Analysis Groundwater Physiochemical Bacteriological Quality

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In Vitro Regeneration of Commercial Sugarcane （Saccharum spp.） Cultivars in Nigeria

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Journal of Life Sciences 2012年第7期6卷 721-725页

作者： Sani Lawan Abdu Mustapha Yahaya Usman Inuwa Shehu College of Engeneering Science Technology Federal Polytechnic Kazaure PMB 5004 Kazuare Nigeria department of Biological Sciences Bayero University Kano PMB 3011 Kano Nigeria department of Plant Science Institute for Agricultural Research Ahmadu Bello University PMB 1044 Zaria Nigeria

The effect of different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine （BA） with or without 0.2 mg/L NAA on in vitro regeneration of sugarcane （Saccharum spp.） cultivars SP726180, B47419, M1176/77 and M2119/88 were evaluated. Leaf base explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog （MS） basal medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2,4-D） for 4 weeks. Thereafter, induction of somatic embryogenesis was observed following the transfer of resulting calli to 2,4-D-free medium for another 4 weeks. Regeneration was achieved by transfer of the embryogenic calli to regeneration media fortified with different concentrations of BA ＋ tt-naphthylacetic acid （NAA）. The number, length and vigor of shoots produced in all the genotypes were highest on media supplemented with 1.0 and 1.5 mg/L BA with and without 0.2 mg/L NAA. Among the genotypes tested, B47419 and M1176/77 recorded highest number of shoots, while maximum shoot length and crop vigor was obtained with M1176/77. Induction of callus with 3.0 mg/L 2,4-D and its subsequent incubation on 2,4-D-free media, followed by regeneration on media supplemented with 1.0 or 1.5 mg/L BA with 0.2 mg/L NAA was found to be efficient for in vitro regeneration of the sugarcane genotypes used in this study. This protocol could be applied for micropropagation of other elite genotypes.

关键词： Saccharum spp. leaf explant 2 4-D callus BA NAA regeneration.

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Automated,economical,and environmentally-friendly asphalt mix design based on machine learning and multi-objective grey wolf optimization

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation engineering(English Edition) 2024年第3期11卷 381-405页

作者： Jian Liu Fangyu Liu Linbing Wang department of Civil and Environmental engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA School of Environmental CivilAgricultural and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Illinois Center for Transportation Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

The increasing impact of the greenhouse effect on ecosystems is prompting transportation agencies to seek methods for reducing CO_(2)emissions during pavement construction and ***,the laboratory mix design process,which involves selecting aggregate gradation and binder content,is time-consuming and *** accelerate the traditional mix design procedure,this study presented a mix design procedure that can automatically determine gradation and binder content based on machine learning(ML)and a meta-heuristic ***,ML approaches were employed to model the relationship between volumetric properties(mixture bulk specific gravity(Gmb)and air void(VV))and both mixture component properties and mixture proportion,based on a dataset collected from literature with 660 mixture *** with the prediction of ML models and the modified multi-objective grey wolf optimization(MOGWO)algorithm,an automatic asphalt mix design was proposed to pursue three goals,including VV,cost,and CO_(2)*** results indicated that least squares support vector regression(LSSVR)and e Xtreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)achieved the highest prediction accuracies(correlation coefficient:0.92 for VV and 0.96 for Gmb).The MOGWO algorithm successfully found the 26 optimal mix designs for the case of VV *** ***_(2)*** to the traditional laboratory design,the optimal mixture with VV of4%achieves a cost saving of 2.46%and a reduction of 4.03%in carbon *** volumetric properties of the mixtures output by the approach also align closely with values measured in a laboratory.

关键词： Asphalt mix design Machine learning MOGWO CO_(2)emission Volumetric properties

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Effect of Water Application Rate on Growth Parameters of Farro 44 Rice Grown in a Selected Irrigation Scheme in Niger State, Nigeria

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agricultural Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 533-547页

作者： Ebierni Akpoebidimiyen Otuaro John Jiya Musa Abayomi Ibrahim Kuti Peter Obasa Sunday Enebojojo Daniel department of Civil engineering Faculty of Engineering Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria department of agricultural and Bioresources engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria department of agricultural and Bio-Environmental engineering Technology Kogi State Polytechnic Lokoja Nigeria

Water and land are the necessary agricultural inputs, and both are scarce these days. This study aims to determine the effect of water application rate on selected planting and crop parameters of Farro 44 rice during dry season farming and its growth response. The randomised complete block design was employed for the Farro 44 rice variety, with each plot size 4 m2 (2 m × 2 m) for ease of monitoring. A 0.3 m bound space separated each plot. The crop spacing was 0.2 m × 0.3 m, 0.3 m × 0.3 m, and 0.3 m × 0.4 m, respectively, for the row-to-row and plant-to-plant distance. The data collected were statistically analysed. The height of the faro 44 variety of rice ranged between 35.50 cm to 44.00 cm for plots with 2 tillers per hill, while that of 4 and 6 tillers per hill ranged between 35.50 cm to 41.40 cm and 35.50 cm to 39.30 cm, respectively. Minimum damage of 2.32% was seen for plant hills of 2 tillers, while 9.21% and 11.89% were observed for tillers of 4 and 6, respectively. It was seen that plots with the highest spacing of 30 × 40 cm and tillers of 2 per hill were observed to perform better than those of the other plots within the experimental pots. Such plots had a maximum plant tiller of 37 when counted, with the height of the plants reaching 44 cm after 70 days of planting. In conclusion, farmers within the study area of the Kanko community in Niger State. Nigeria appears not to have any known knowledge of the soil they are cultivating and the water they use as a source of irrigation within the farming areas. It was further concluded that the rice crops would be produced maximally with minimal water application to the rice field.

关键词： Farro 44 Water Rice Irrigation Days

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