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苏格兰地区心绞痛的患病率、发病率、初级医疗负担和药物治疗:一项关于年龄、性别和社会经济学差异的人群研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2006年第12期2卷 40-41页

作者： Murphy N.F. Simpson C.R. MacIntyre K. J.J.V. McMurray 徐永城 department of Cardiology Western Infirmary Glasgow G11 6NT United Kingdom Prof.

Objective: To examine the epidemiology, primary care burden and treatment of angina in Scotland. Design: Cross-sectional data from primary care practices participating in the Scottish continuous morbidity recording scheme between 1 April 2001 and 31 March 2002. Setting: 55 primary care practices(362 155 patients). Participants: 9508 patients with angina. Results: The prevalence of angina in Scotland was 28/1000 in men and 25/1000 in women(p< 0.05) and increased with age. The prevalence of angina also increased with increasing socioeconomic deprivation from 18/1000 in the least de-prived category to 31/1000 in the most deprived group(p< 0.001 for trend). The incidence of angina was higher in men(1.8/1000) than in women(1.4/1000)(p=0.004) and increased with increasing age and socioeconomic deprivation. Socioeconomically deprived patients(0.48 contacts/patient among the most deprived) were less likely than affluent patients(0.58 contacts/patient among the least deprived) to see their general practitioner on an ongoing basis (p=0.006 for trend). Among men, 52%were prescribed βblockers, 44%calcium channel blockers, 72%aspirin, 54%statins and 36%angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. The corresponding prescription rates for women were 46%(p< 0.001), 41%(p=0.02), 69%(p< 0.001), 45%(p< 0.001) and 30%(p< 0.001). Among patients< 75 years old 52%were prescribed a βblocker and 58%a statin. The corresponding figures for patients ≥75 years were 42%(p< 0.001) and 31%(p< 0.001). Conclusions: Angina is a common condition, more so in men than in women. Socioeconomically deprived patients are more likely to have angina but are less likely to consult their general practitioner. Guideline-recommended treatments for angina are underused in women and older patients. These suboptimal practice patterns, which are worst in older women, are of particular concern, as in Scotland more women(and particularly older women) than men have angina.

关键词：心绞痛冠心病患病率发病率苏格兰

Orbital-scale Asian summer monsoon variations:Paradox and exploration

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第4期64卷 529-544页

作者： Hai CHENG Haiwei ZHANG Yanjun CAI Zhengguo SHI Liang YI Chenglong DENG Qingzhen HAO Youbing PENG Ashish SINHA Hanying LI Jingyao ZHAO Ye TIAN Jonathan BAKER Carlos PEREZ-MEJIAS Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi'an Jiao tong UniversityXi'an 710054China State Key Laboratory^of Loess and Quaternary Geology1 Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics Ministry of Land and ResourcesInstitute of Karst GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesGuilin 541004China State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China department of Earth Sciences California State University Dominguez HillsCarson 90747USA

The Asian summer monsoon(ASM) is a vast climate system, whose variability is critical to the livelihoods of billions of people across the Asian continent. During the past half-century, much progress has been made in understanding variations on a wide range of timescales, yet several significant issues remain unresolved. Of note are two long-standing problems concerning orbital-scale variations of the ASM.(1) Chinese loess magnetic susceptibility records show a persistent glacial-interglacial dominated ~100 kyr(thousand years) periodicity, while the cave oxygen-isotope(δ18 O) records reveal periodicity in an almost pure precession band(~20 kyr periodicity)—the "Chinese 100 kyr problem".(2) ASM records from the Arabian Sea and other oceans surrounding the Asian continent show a significant lag of 8–10 kyr to Northern Hemisphere summer insolation(NHSI), whereas the Asian cave δ18 O records follow NHSI without a significant lag—a discrepancy termed the "sea-land precession-phase paradox". How can we reconcile these differences? Recent and more refined model simulations now provide spatial patterns of rainfall and wind across the precession cycle, revealing distinct regional divergences in the ASM domain, which can well explain a large portion of the disparities between the loess, marine, and cave proxy records. Overall, we also find that the loess, marine, and cave records are indeed complementary rather than incompatible, with each record preferentially describing a certain aspect of ASM dynamics. Our study provides new insight into the understanding of different hydroclimatic proxies and largely reconciles the "Chinese 100 kyr problem" and "sea-land precession-phase paradox".

关键词： ASM Orbital cycles Precession phase Different climatic proxies

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大脑视皮质损害患儿的视力发育

世界核心医学期刊文摘(眼科学分册) 2006年第1期 26-27页

作者： Lim M. Soul J.S. Hansen R.M. A.B. Fulton 宋虎平 department of Ophthalmology Children' s Hospital Harvard Medical School 300 Longwood Ave Boston MA 02115 United States Dr

Objective: To study the development of visual acuity in termborn children with cerebral visual impairment and a history of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Methods: We studied 19 term-born children, aged 6 months to 6 years, with moderate to severe neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and behaviors indicative of cerebral visual impairment. Longitudinal measures of grating acuity were obtained using preferential looking (PL) and visual evoked potential (VEP) procedures. Visual acuities at first and last visits were compared. The courses of acuity development in the 9 children who underwent both VEP and PL acuity assessment at 4 or more ages were compared with normal development. Results: All children had measurable PL and VEP acuity, despite poor visual behavior. In nearly all, both PL and VEP acuity were below normal for age. For both PL and VEP measures, acuity at the last visit was, on average, 1 octave better than at the first visit, with a rate of improvement lower than normal. Although parallel courses of PL and VEP development occurred in many, substantial disparities in PL and VEP acuity were observed in others. Conclusions: Modest increases in PL and VEP grating acuity occur during early childhood in many of these patients. The rate of increase is lower than normal.

关键词：视力发育患儿大脑视皮质

Individual and Environmental Risk Factors for COVID-19 Mortality in Elderly in 7 European University Hospitals

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2022年第7期13卷 508-526页

作者： Thomas Bourdrel Leo Zabrocki Nathalie Compte Bert Bravenboer Romain Decours Hélène Pelerin Laure De Decker Laurence Le Jumeau de Kergaradec Matthieu Lilamand Claire Roubaud Baudron Bertrand Fougère Rachid Mahmoudi Benoit Schorr Georges Kaltenbach Thomas Vogel Vincent-Henri Puech Fréderic Blanc Marie-Abèle Bind ICube Laboratory UMR 7357 and CNRS University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France Paris School of Economics EHESS Paris France Geriatric department Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel Bruxelles Belgium Service de Gé riatrie Centre hospitalier d&eacute partemental de Vendé e La Roche Sur Yon France Unité de recherche clinique Centre hospitalier d&eacute partemental de Vendé e La Roche Sur Yon France Service de Mé decine aigü e gé riatrique Centre hospitalier universitaires de Nantes Nantes France Service de Gé rontologie Centre hospitalier universitaires de Nantes Nantes France Service de Gé riatrie Assistance publique Hô pitaux de Paris (APHP) Nord Paris France Unité Post Urgences Gé riatriques Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux H&ocirc pital Pellegrin Bordeaux France department of Geriatric Medicine Centre hospitalier universitaire de Tours Tours France Mé decine Interne Gé riatrie et Biologie du Vieillissement Centre hopitalier universitaire de Reims Reims France Pô le de Gé riatrie La Robertsau Geriatric Hospital University Hospital of Strasbourg Strasbourg France European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service London UK Biostatistics Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA

Because the elderly account for 80% of deaths from COVID-19 and they may be more vulnerable to air pollution, in this retrospective study we aimed to explore individual and environmental risk factors for COVID-19 mortality in the geriatric departments of seven European University hospitals, between February and May 2020. Long-term exposure to air pollution was estimated through annual pollutant concentrations at the residential address over the last two years. Short-term variations in air pollutants and weather parameters were also examined through a 20-day period before the confirmed PCR diagnostic of COVID-19. We found positive associations for diabetes and COVID-19 mortality (OR 2.2 CI 95%: 1.1, 4.4). Regarding environmental factors, we found no association between COVID-19 mortality and air pollutants and weather parameters;however, our study suffers from strong disparities—such as patient characteristics—between fairly polluted and less polluted cities. In order to overcome those disparities between cities, we aimed to explore the relationship between air pollution and COVID-19 mortality within each city, but even with the high-efficiency modelisation systems, differences in air pollutants were too small to estimate the effect of air pollution at the city level. Thus, this study highlights the need to improve the estimation of individual exposure to air pollution. To address this issue, solutions exist such as the increase of the number of fixed air monitors, or even better, through the use of individual markers of air pollution exposure such as urinary black carbon or passive individual samplers. Furthermore, we underline that outdoor air pollutant concentrations may not be representative of individual exposure, especially in the elderly, thus, we suggest that further studies focus on indoor air pollution. Regarding meteorological conditions, we found no association between UV, temperature, wind speed and COVID-19 mortality. We found a positive association bet

关键词： COVID-19 Mortality Air Pollution Particulate Matter Ultraviolet Radiation Temperature

Effects of Protective Structures in Morpho-Sedimentological Changes： A Case Study of Rufisque＇s Coast, Petite C6te, Senegal

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2014年第9期4卷 279-289页

作者： Abdoulaye Ndour Isabelle Niang Amadou Tahirou Diaw Kader Ba Issa Sakho Badara Diagne Boubacar Fall department of Geology Faculty of Science and Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar 5005 Senegal department of Geography Faculty of Letters and Humanities University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar-Fann 252 75 Senegal Laboratory of Continental and Coastal Morphodynamics University of Rouen Mont-Saint Aignan 76 821 France

Correlation of structural and electrical properties of PrBaCo2O5td thin films at high temperature

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Journal of Materiomics 2018年第1期4卷 51-55页

作者： Brennan Mace Zach Harrell Xing Xu Chonglin Chen Erik Enriquez Aiping Chen Quanxi Jia department of Physics and Astronomy University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249USA Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies(CINT) Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545USA department of Materials Design and Innovation University at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260USA

Epitaxial PrBaCo_(2)O_(5+δ)(PBCO,0≤δ≤1)thin films were deposited by pulsed laser *** structural and electrical properties of the films were characterized at high temperatures in reduced environments.X-ray diffraction scans at high temperature in reduced environment show potential structural transitions of PBCO as evidenced by both a large(Dl=0.335 nm)expansion of the out-plane(caxis)lattice,due to thermal and chemical expansion,and a step in the expansion of the c-axis lattice *** transitions indicate the presence of oxygen vacancy ordering as the oxygen content in the films is *** measurements under the same environments also show evidence of sharp transitions related with the structural *** study helps the understanding of the structure-property relationship of PBCO at high temperature and provides important technological information to utilize these materials for solid oxide fuel cell at intermediate temperatures.

关键词： High temperature Physical properties Complex oxide Oxygen vacancy Lattice structures

Hypertension in the elderly:Are we all on the same wavelength?

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World Journal of Cardiology 2011年第8期3卷 263-266页

作者： Sadip Pant Pritam Neupane Khatri Chhetri Ramesh Murari Barakoti department of Internal Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205United States Medical College of Georgia AugustaGA 30192United States Mercy Catholoc Medical Center DarbyPA 19023United States Institute of Medicine MaharajgunjKtm 20009Nepal

Hypertension is of frequent occurrence in the elderly *** systolic hypertension(ISH) accounts for the majority of cases of hypertension in the *** is associated with a 2-4-fold increase in the risk of myocardial infarction,left ventricular hypertrophy,renal dysfunction,stroke,and cardiovascular *** have been many studies to determine the optimal treatment for hypertension in the elderly. Why,when and how to treat hypertension in the elderly was the scope of the majority of these *** countless efforts many aspects remain *** a number of novel drugs are being developed,the issue of whether all antihypertensive drugs bestow parallel benefits or whether some agents offer a therapeutic advantage beyond blood pressure control remains of crucial ***,the response of theelderly to different antihypertensive agents also differs from that of younger patients and may explain some of the disparities in outcomes of trials conducted in elderly patients with hypertension.

关键词： Hypertension Myocardial infarction Left ventricular hypertrophy Antihypertensive agents

幼儿缺铁、长期奶瓶喂养和种族差异之间的关系

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第4期2卷 25-25页

作者： Brotanek J.M. Halterman J.S. Auinger P. 贺莉 Center for the Advancement of Underserved Children Department of Pediatrics Medical College of Wisconsin 8701 Watertown Plank Rd Milwaukee WI 53226 United StatesDr

Background: Childhood iron deficiency is associated with behavioral and cognitive delays. Few studies have explored the relationship between prolonged bottle-feeding and iron-deficiency anemia among toddlers. Objective: To examine the association between prolonged bottle-feeding and iron deficiency in a nationally representative sample of children ages 1 to 3 years. Design and Methods: The National health and Nutrition Examination Survey III provides data on the feeding practices of children 1 to 3 years old and contains measures of iron status including transferrin saturation, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin, and serum ferritin. The prevalence of iron deficiency and duration of bottle-feeding were determined for black, white, and Mexican American toddlers. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to examine the association between bottle-feeding duration and iron deficiency. Results: Among 2121 children ages 1 to 3 years, the prevalence of iron deficiency was 6% among whites, 8% among blacks, and 17% among Mexican Americans (P < .001). With increasing duration of bottle-feeding, the prevalence of iron deficiency among all children increased (3.8% , bottle-fed ≤ 12 months; 11.5% , bottle-fed 13- 23 months; and 12.4% , bottle-fed 24- 48 months [P < .001]). At 24 to 48 months of age, 36.8% of Mexican American children were still bottle-fed, compared with 16.9% of white and 13.8% of black children. In multivariate analyses, bottle-feeding for 24 to 48 months and Mexican ethnicity were associated with iron deficiency (odds ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.3- 6.0; and odds ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.5- 5.6, respectively). Conclusions: Children with prolonged bottle-feeding and Mexican American children are at higher risk for iron deficiency. Screening practices and nutritional counseling should be targeted at these high-risk groups.

关键词：缺铁种族差异喂养时间喂养方法引起行为血清铁蛋白墨西哥人营养研究营养咨询多变量分析