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Early-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease and Metabolic Dysfunction, a Comparative Review

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2018年第1期7卷 1-11页

作者： Julie Anne Griffith Marie Kelly-Worden department of Biology Ball State University Cooper Life Science Building Muncie IN USA

Alzheimer’s disease is quickly becoming one of the most known diseases in the country due to its devastating effects and lack of treatment options. Within this lethal disease, there is a smaller group, those individuals that are diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. It is understood that these individuals see faster effects of the disease and die considerably sooner, but it is not understood why. This review compares the early-onset (EOAD) and late-onset (LOAD) types to try and determine some of the most blaring differences between the two. The genetic basis linking EOAD and LOAD has been the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) to indicate metabolic alteration with the ε4 allele specifically. The topographical atrophy disparities between EOAD and LOAD supported the more noticeable cognitive differences between the two Alzheimer’s disease categories. The faster and wider spread atrophy of EOAD patients correlates with the difficulty they experience with attention, language, visuo-spatial, and executive functions. Finally, brain metabolism differs between both AD subtypes as well, where EOAD indicates the wide spread damage and metabolic breakdown across more diverse regions of the brain.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease Early-Onset Late-Onset Glucose Metabolism

Analysing Mismatches in the Demand and Supply of Classrooms in the Basic and Secondary Education Sectors in Cameroon

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2022年第3期14卷 175-192页

作者： Aloysious Kohtem Lebga Aristide Yemmafouo Chretien Ngouanet Anehmbom Ghoutum Bienvenu Magloire Takem Mbi National Institute of Cartography Yaoundé Cameroon department of Geography University of Dschang Yaoundé Cameroon

The present work analyzed the contribution of Cameroon’s public contracts and territorial planning policies toward the reduction of classroom disparities across the country. Many localities in Cameroon suffer due to misallocation of classrooms on one hand and inefficient public contracting-execution system on the other hand. This paper uses a hypothetico-deductive method to understand the nexus of public contracting-territorial planning within the educational sector in Cameroon. To do this we made use of existing infrastructural data collected from various Ministerial departments and public contracts data from 2016 to 2022. Findings show that there is a great disparity of existing classrooms, injustice in the allocation of classrooms and bad governance practices in the award and execution of allocated classrooms that directly contribute to this uneven repartition. At the national scale, the Centre and Littoral regions seem to be saturated with about 20,574 and 10,436 classrooms respectively, the Far North which is part of the Priority Education Zone is in dying need of about 11,293 classrooms while on the local or regional scale these two saturated regions show some degree of insufficiency in term of available classrooms. Therefore, much needs to be done by the Cameroonian authorities in order to ensure inclusive, equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all as stipulated by the Sustainable Development Goal 4.

关键词： Public Contracts Territorial Planning Territorial disparities Governance Classroom Cameroon

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Graphene 2016年第2期5卷 55-72页

作者： Rasheed Atif Fawad Inam department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Environment Northumbria University Newcastle UK

Modeling and simulation allow methodical variation of material properties beyond the capacity of experimental methods. Due to the hexagonal structure of graphene, it is considered as frame-like structure. In the frame, covalent C-C bonds are taken as beams joined together with carbon atoms placed at the joints. Uniaxial beam elements, defined by their cross-sectional area, material properties, and moment of inertia represent the covalent bonds. The parameters of the beam elements are determined by establishing equivalence between structural and computational mechanics. However, the bonds connecting the carbon atoms do not have physical existence as they are a compromise between attractive and repulsive forces. Also, defects at nanoscale make graphene different from frame-like structure. In addition, the topography of graphene makes it non-linear structure and even the axial loading changes to eccentric loading. Here we show that, by using basic statics principles, disparities between graphene and frame-likes structures can be highlighted.

关键词： Modeling Graphene Frame-Like Structure Topographical Features Stress Concentration

Gender-health disparities: exploring the counterbalancing mechanisms of labor disadvantage and health behaviors in rural China

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China Population and Development Studies 2022年第2期6卷 186-205页

作者： Xiaozhao Y.Yang Nan Wu Jiawei Hou department of Sociology and Social Work Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong 510000China

The health disparity associated with gender has raised attention on the rampant health inequity issues in *** gender-health disparity is further complicated by the contrasting evidence in several substantive demographic phenomena such as the female survival paradox and female morbidity *** current study pro-poses a theoretical model to reveal the counterbalancing mechanisms contributing to gender-health disparity in ***,health behaviors and labor market disadvantages are two sets of counterbalancing factors that,when considered alto-gether,reveal the true extent of gender-health *** a 2020 survey in the poverty counties in two provinces of China,the current study investigates the coun-terbalancing mechanisms in gender-health disparity through mediation and suppres-sion *** painful feeling and the number of chronic illnesses as depend-ent variables,this study showed that health behaviors and labor disadvantages are indeed counterbalancing *** gender disparity in pain/chronic ill-nesses disappeared after labor disadvantages were controlled for,but reemerged in greater magnitude after health behaviors were controlled *** chronic illnesses,the previously non-existent gender disparity emerged after health behaviors were controlled *** it not for women’s salubrious health behaviors,they would suf-fer worse pain and chronic illnesses than men’*** study informs the literature of the hidden counterbalancing mechanisms in gender-health disparity,and women’s inferior position in formal and informal labor domains blocks the goal of eradicating health inequity in China.

关键词： Gender health Labor Behaviors Rural China

Ethnic disparities in hospitalized patients with chronic heart failure in Xinjiang

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Ethnic disparities in hospitalized patients with chronic hea...

lmmunotherapy utilization for hepatobiliary cancer in the United States: disparities among patients with different socioeconomic status

中华医学会第十五次全国心血管病学大会

作者： Hua Jiang Xianhui Zhou Baopeng Tang Liman Ai Jinxin Li Yu Zhang Guojun Xu Yanyi Zhang Lin Sun Yaodong Li Jianghua Zhang Qiang Xing department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital XinjiangMedical University

Background& Objectives Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common cause for admission to hospital in the Chinese population. However reports on the large numbers of patients with CHF in ethnic minority areas are *** purpose of this study was to explore the clinical profile and management of patients with CHF in Xinjiang with a population different from the West in its cultural and ethnic origin. Methods This was a prospective, multi-centre, hospital-based study conducted in 15 hospitals distributed

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第1期9卷 13-24,中插2页

作者： Kota Sahara S.Ayesha Farooq Diamantis I.Tsilimigras Katiuscha Merath Anghela Z.Paredes Lu Wu Rittal Mehta J.Madison Hyer Itaru Endo Timothy M.Pawlik department of Surgery Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOHUSA Gastroenterological Surgery Division Yokohama City University School of MedicineYokohamaJapan

Background: Patients with advanced hepatobiliary cancer (HBC) have a dismal prognosis and limited treatment options. Immunotherapy has been considered as a promising treatment, especially for cancers not amenable to surgery. Methods: Between 2004, and 2015, patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intra- and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer (GBC) were identified in the National Cancer Database. Results: Among 249,913 patients with HBC, only 585 (0.2%) patients received immunotherapy. Among patients who received immunotherapy, most patients were diagnosed between 2012 and 2015, had private insurance, as well as an income ≥$46,000 and were treated at an academic facility. The use of immunotherapy among HBC patients varied by diagnosis (HCC, 67.7%;bile duct cancer, 14%). On multivariable analysis, a more recent period of diagnosis (OR 1.80, 95% CI: 1.44-2.25), median income >$46,000 (OR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.11-1.87), and higher tumor stage (stage III, OR 2.22, 95% CI: 1.65-3.01;stage IV, OR 3.24, 95% CI:2.41-4.34) were associated with greater odds of receiving immunotherapy. Conclusions: Overall utilization of immunotherapy in the US among patients with HBC was very low, yet has increased over time. Certain socioeconomic factors were associated with an increased likely of receiving immunotherapy, suggesting disparities in access of patients with lower socioeconomic status.

关键词： Immunotherapy hepatobiliary cancer (HBC) trends socioeconomic status

Motivated by a mandate: a university-clinic partnership to develop a perinatal depression registry at a community based hospital in the Midwest

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Social Work and Social Welfare 2019年第1期1卷 7-12页

作者： Karen M Tabb Pamela Samara Shinwoo Choi Aubrey Hudson Linda Donovan Hsiang Huang School of Social Work University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Carle Foundation Hospital Urbana IL USA department of Sociology Anthropology Social Work University of North Florida USA Cambridge health Alliance and Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA USA Institute of Psychiatry & LIM-23 Faculty of Medicine University of Sao Paulo Brazil Identifying Depression through Early Assessment (IDEA) research Team Urbana IL USA

disparities in maternal mental health outcomes persist despite the myriad of existing evidence based treatments and recent public health prevention policy efforts. Integrated health care delivery models such as Collaborative Care and patient medical home models have the potential to reduce health disparities in clinic settings. These evidence-based approaches require multidisciplinary teams for successful implementation and to provide quality care to improve specified patient outcomes. However, strategies for successful collaboration and steps for critical reflection are often overlooked in clinical and health services research. Furthermore, a shared vision of social justice is essential in the process of building and sustaining patient-centered care models, but is often understated. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and implementation of a social justice-informed hospital-based perinatal depression registry to address maternal health disparities. Our partnership is informed by community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles for carrying out health services research. We describe the steps for building a sustainable university-hospital collaboration between traditional and non-traditional researchers using principles from CBPR in a clinic setting.

关键词： community-based participatory research maternal mental health perinatal depression psychosocial screening

Siamese Network with Deconvolution for Matching Cost Computation

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Estimating the impact of azimuth-angle variations on photovoltaic annual energy production

第37届中国控制会议

作者： Hang Li Yan Song Yongxiong Wang Ming Li department of Control Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology

An efficient Siamese network（Sia Net） with deconvolution is proposed for matching cost computation of the stereo estimation. The architecture of such a proposed Sia Net with deconvolution which is established by learning a similarity measure on small image patches, is a multi-class classification with the classes corresponding to all possible disparities. By adding some deconvolution layers, the architecture of our Sia Net can obtain a larger receptive field as a greater descriptor for the output of network branches. Then, a new loss function based on cross-entropy is developed by taking all the pixels in the receptive field with the corresponding ground-truth patch into account. As such, the performance can be effectively improved by considering the more information of the input patches. Finally, some experiments for matching network on the KITTI 2012 and KITTI 2015 are utilized to demonstrate the validity of the proposed Sia Net with deconvolution.

关键词： Siamese network with deconvolution Stereo estimation Matching cost computation

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Clean Energy 2019年第1期3卷 47-58页

作者： Mahmoud Dhimish Santiago Silvestre Laboratory of Photovoltaics University of HuddersfieldQueensgateHD13DHHuddersfieldUK MNT Group Electronic Engineering DepartmentUniversitat Politecnica de Catalunya(UPC)BarcelonaTechC/Jordi Girona 1-3Campus Nord UPC08034 BarcelonaSpain

The performance of a photovoltaic(PV)installation is affected by its tilt and azimuth angles,because these parameters change the amount of solar energy absorbed by the surface of the PV ***,this paper demonstrates the impact of the azimuth angle on the energy production of PV *** different PV sites were studied,where the first comprises PV systems installed at-13°,-4°,+12°and+21°azimuth angles in different geographical locations,whereas the second PV site included adjacent PV systems installed at-87°,-32°,+2°and+17°azimuth *** the investigated PV sites were located in Huddersfield,*** summary,the results indicate that PV systems installed between-4°and+2°presented the maximum energy production over the last 4 years,while the worst energy generation were observed for the PV system installed at an azimuth angle of-87°.Finally,the probability projections for all observed azimuth angles datasets have been *** PV systems are affected by various environmental conditions such as fluctuations in the wind,humidity,solar irradiance and ambient temperature,ultimately,these factors would affect the annual energy generation of the PV *** that reason,we have analysed the disparities and the probability of the annual energy production for multiple PV systems installed at different azimuth angles ranging from-90°to+90°degrees,and affected by different environmental *** analyses are based on the cumulative density function modelling technique as well as the normal distribution function.

关键词： photovoltaics azimuth angle energy production CDF modelling