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Trends in mortality among the geriatric population undergoing Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and potential racial disparities: a 20-year perspective via the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第7期21卷 716-722页

作者： Nomesh Kumar Kamleshun Ramphul FNU Bawna Nitish Behary Paray Mansimran Si-ngh Dulay Jasninder Singh Dhaliwal Shruti Aggarwal Sebastian Mactaggart Suma Sri Chennapragada Shaheen Sombans Renuka Verma Hemamalini Sakthivel Raheel Ahmed department of Internal Medicine Detroit Medical Center Sinai Grace-Wayne State UniversityMichiganUSA In-dependent researcher TrioletMauritius Independent researcher Farmington HillsMichiganUSA Royal Devon University healthcare NHS Foundation Trust ExeterUnited Kingdom Royal Brompton Hospital part of Guy’s and St.Thomas’NHS Foundation TrustLondonUnited Kingdom department of Internal Medicine University of Cali-forniaRiversideUSA Independent researcher New DelhiIndia Northumbria Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust NewcastleUnited Kingdom department of Internal Medicine Louisiana State UniversityShreveportUSA Sha-heen Sombans Independent ResearcherHyderabadIndia department of Internal Medicine Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLVLas VegasUSA One Brooklyn health System/Interfaith Medical Ctr Program BrooklynNYUSA

ed data from the National(Nationwide)Inpatient Sample over a 20-year period from 2001 to 2020 using specific ICD-9 and ICD-10 *** included patients aged≥60 and≤80 years with races recorded as White,African American,or Hispanic at the time of their hospitalization for *** analyzed and reported the baseline characteristics,risk-adjusted in-mortality,and complications stratified by *** Results Of 420,181 patients studied,90.0%identified as White,4.0%as African American and 6.0%as *** a de-crease in overall in-hospital mortality rates from 3.8%between 2001-2005 to 1.8%between 2016-2020,African Americans had higher odds of all-cause in-hospital deaths compared to Whites(aOR=1.390,Pdisparities in health outcomes remain pervasive with minorities more likely to report higher in-hospital mor-bidity and mortality.

关键词： mortality likely spite

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Sudden unexpected infant death rates and risk factors for unsafe sleep practices

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第3期18卷 225-229页

作者： Balkissa S.Ouattara Melissa K.Tibbits Drissa M.Toure Lorena Baccaglini department of Environmental Agricultural and Occupational HealthCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center984388 Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-4388USA department of health Promotion College of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center986075 Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-6075USA department of health Promotion Center for Reducing Health DisparitiesCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center984340 Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-4340USA department of Epidemiology College of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center984395 Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-4395USA

Sudden unexpected infant death(SUID),the leading cause of death in the post-neonatal period in developed countries,represents the death of an infant less than 1 year of age that is sudden and unexpected[1-3].SUID is a general term that encompasses the following:sudden infant death syndrome(SIDS),accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed,and unknown causes of death in infants less than 1 year of age[4,5].

关键词： death infant SIDS

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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger Anne M.Lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove Karen L.Christopher Richard S.Davidson Michael J.Taravella Naresh Mandava Jennifer L.Patnaik department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for ***,observed surgical complicatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

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Influence of lithospheric thickness distribution on oil and gas basins,China seas and adjacent areas

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 1-14页

作者： Jing Ma Wanyin Wang Hermann Zeyen Yimi Zhang Zhongsheng Li Tao He Dingding Wang School of Geology Engineering and Geomatics Key Laboratory of Western China’s Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering of Ministry of EducationChang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China UMR8148 GEOPS CNRS/UniversitéParis-SaclayDépartement des Sciences de la TerreBât.50491405France CNOOC research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100027China Qingdao Institute of marine geology Qingdao 266071China department of Earth Sciences Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNewfoundland AlB3X5Canada University of Naples Federico Ⅱ Department of Earth SciencesNaples80138Italy

The distribution of oil and gas resources is intricately connected to the underlying structure of the ***,investigating the characteristics of lithospheric thickness and its correlation with oil and gas basins is highly *** research utilizes recently enhanced geological–geophysical data,including topographic,geoid,rock layer thickness,variable rock layer density,and interface depth *** the principles of lithospheric isostasy and heat conduction,we compute the laterally varying lithospheric thickness in the China seas and adjacent *** these results,two pivotal parameters for different types of oil and gas basins were statistically analyzed:the minimum lithospheric thickness and the relative fluctuation in lithospheric thickness.A semiquantitative analysis was used to explore the connection between these parameters and the hydrocarbon abundance within the oil and gas *** study unveils distinct variations in lithospheric thickness among basins,with oil and gas rich basins exhibiting a thicker lithosphere in the superimposed basins of central China and a thinner lithosphere in the rift basins of eastern ***,the relative fluctuations in lithospheric thickness in basins demonstrate significant disparities:basins rich in oil and gas often exhibit greater thickness ***,in the offshore basins of China,a conspicuous negative linear correlation is observed between the minimum lithospheric thickness and the relative fluctuation in lithospheric *** study posits that deep-seated thermal upwelling results in lithospheric undulations and extensional thinning in oil and gas ***,sustained deep-seated heat influences sedimentary materials in basins,creating favorable conditions for oil and gas *** insights derived from this study contribute to a quantitative understanding of the intricate relationships between deep lithospheric structures and oil and gas basins.

关键词： China seas and adjacent areas lithospheric thickness oil and gas basins

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Thermal transports in the MXenes family:Opportunities and challenges

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Nano research 2024年第8期17卷 7700-7716页

作者： Yurui Liu Yue Wu Xinwei Wang department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Iowa State University618 Bissell AmesIA 50011USA department of Mechanical Engineering 271 Applied Science Complex II1915 Scholl RoadIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

The carbides and nitrides of transition metals known as“MXenes”refer to a fast-growing family of two-dimensional materials discovered in *** to their unique nanolayer structure,superior electrical,mechanical,and thermal properties,MXenes have shown great potential in addressing the critical overheating issues that jeopardize the performance,stability,and lifetime of high-energy-density components in modern devices such as microprocessors,integrated circuits,and capacitors,*** outstanding intrinsic thermal conductivity of MXenes has been proved by experimental and theoretical *** MXenes-enabled high thermal conductivity composites incorporated with polymer matrix have also been reported and widely used as thermal management *** the booming heat dissipation demands,MXenes-enabled thermal management material is an extremely valuable and scalable option for modern electronics ***,the fundamental thermal transport mechanisms behind the MXenes family remain *** MXene thermal conductivity disparities between the theoretical prediction and experimental results are still *** better understand the thermal conduction in MXenes and provide more insights for engineering high-performance MXene thermal management materials,in this article,we summarize recent progress on thermal conductive *** essential factors that affect MXenes intrinsic thermal conductivities are tackled,selected MXenes-polymer composites are highlighted,and prospects and challenges are also discussed.

关键词： transition metal carbide(MXene) thermal transport two-dimensional materials thermally conductive composites

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地理大数据揭示中国主要城市建成环境物质存量的空间格局

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Engineering 2024年第3期34卷 143-153页

作者： Zhou Huang Yi Bao Ruichang Mao Han Wang Ganmin Yin Lin Wan Houji Qi Qiaoxuan Li Hongzhao Tang Qiance Liu Linna Li Bailang Yu Qinghua Guo Yu Liu Huadong Guo Gang Liu Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China International research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals Beijing 100094China SDU Life Cycle Engineering Department of Green TechnologyUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense 5230Denmark department of Construction Management School of Civil EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Computer Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Geographical Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100048China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China department of Geography California State UniversityLong BeachCA 90840USA Aerospace Information research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The patterns of material accumulation in buildings and infrastructure accompanied by rapid urbanization offer an important,yet hitherto largely missing stock perspective for facilitating urban system engineering and informing urban resources,waste,and climate ***,our existing knowledge on the patterns of built environment stocks across and particularly within cities is limited,largely owing to the lack of sufficient high spatial resolution *** study leveraged multi-source big geodata,machine learning,and bottom-up stock accounting to characterize the built environment stocks of 50 cities in China at 500 m fine-grained *** per capita built environment stock of many cities(261 tonnes per capita on average)is close to that in western cities,despite considerable disparities across cities owing to their varying socioeconomic,geomorphology,and urban form *** is mainly owing to the construction boom and the building and infrastructure-driven economy of China in the past ***’s urban expansion tends to be more“vertical”(with high-rise buildings)than“horizontal”(with expanded road networks).It trades skylines for space,and reflects a concentration-dispersion-concentration pathway for spatialized built environment stocks development within cities in *** results shed light on future urbanization in developing cities,inform spatial planning,and support circular and low-carbon transitions in cities.

关键词： Urban system engineering Built environment stock Spatial pattern Urban sustainability Big geodata

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Strengthening pharmacotherapy research for COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第5期12卷 875-879页

作者： Yan-Miao Liu Jing Zhang Jing-Jing Wu Wei-Wei Guo Fu-Shan Tang The First Clinical Institute Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563006Guizhou ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy in Zunyi City Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563006Guizhou ProvinceChina department of Respiratory Medicine Central Hospital in Jinchang CityJinchang 737102Gansu ProvinceChina department of Clinical Pharmacy Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of PharmacyZunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563006Guizhou ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563006Guizhou ProvinceChina

The global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has resulted in a significant number of individuals developing pulmonary fibrosis(PF),an irreversible lung *** condition can manifest within a short inter-val following the onset of pneumonia symptoms,sometimes even within a few *** lung transplantation is a potentially lifesaving procedure,its limited availability,high costs,intricate surgeries,and risk of immunological rejection present significant *** optimal timing of medication administration for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)-induced PF remains *** this,it is crucial to explore pharmacotherapy interventions,involving early and preventative treatment as well as pharmacotherapy options for advanced-stage ***,studies have demonstrated disparities in anti-fibrotic treatment based on race and gender *** mutations may also impact therapeutic *** research efforts on pharmacotherapy interventions,while considering relevant pharmacological factors and optimizing the timing and dosage of medication administration,will lead to enhanced,personalized,and fair treatment for individuals impacted by COVID-19-related *** measures are crucial in lessening the burden of the disease on healthcare systems and improving patients'quality of life.

关键词： COVID-19 Pulmonary fibrosis Pharmacotherapy intervention Medication administration Timing Dosage

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Excess non-COVID-19-related mortality among inflammatory bowel disease decedents during the COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2677-2688页

作者： Sarah Rotondo-Trivette Xin-Yuan He Jamil S Samaan Fan Lv Emily Truong Michaela Juels Anthony Nguyen Xu Gao Jian Zu Yee Hui Yeo Fan-Pu Ji Gil Y Melmed department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States department of Infectious Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049Shaanxi ProvinceChina David Geffen School of Medicine University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Division of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina National and Local Joint Engineering research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support(Xi’an Jiaotong University) Ministry of EducationXi’an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic disrupted healthcare in the United *** To investigate COVID-19-related and non-COVID-19-related death and characteristics associated with excess death among inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)*** We performed a register-based study using data from the National Vital Statistics System,which reports death data from over 99%of the United States population,from January 1,2006 through December 31,***-related deaths among adults 25 years and older were stratified by age,sex,race/ethnicity,place of death,and primary cause of *** and actual age-standardized mortality rates(ASMRs)per 100000 persons were *** 49782 IBD-related deaths occurred during the study ***-COVID-19-related deaths increased by 13.14%in 2020 and 18.12%in 2021[2020 ASMR:1.55 actual vs 1.37 predicted,95%confidence interval(CI):1.26-1.49;2021 ASMR:1.63 actual vs 1.38 predicted,95%CI:1.26-1.49].In 2020,non-COVID-19-related mortality increased by 17.65%in ulcerative colitis(UC)patients between the ages of 25 and 65 and 36.36%in non-Hispanic black(NHB)Crohn’s disease(CD)*** the pandemic,deaths at home or on arrival and at medical facilities as well as deaths due to neoplasms also *** IBD patients suffered excess non-COVID-19-related death during the *** death was associated with younger age among UC patients,and with NHB race among CD *** death at home or on arrival and due to neoplasms suggests that delayed presentation and difficulty accessing healthcare may have led to increased IBD mortality.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease COVID-19 Excess death Race Sex disparities

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Trustworthy evidence- based versus untrustworthy guidelines: detecting the difference

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Family Medicine and Community health 2023年第4期11卷 85-90页

作者： João Pedro Lima Wimonchat Tangamornsuksan Gordon H Guyatt department of health research Methods Evidenceand ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada

Guidelines are essential tools in healthcare *** guidelines inform clinicians not only on the direction(against or in favour)and strength(strong or weak/conditional)of recommendations but also on the certainty of the underlying *** trustworthy guidelines requires panellists with clinical and methodological expertise who consider patients’values and *** to trustworthiness standards remains variable;clinicians should,therefore,be able to distinguish trustworthy from untrustworthy *** this paper,we offer eight domains of disparities between trustworthy evidence-based guidelines and less trustworthy guidelines.

关键词： worthy trust lists

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Fertility preservation in patients with gynecologic cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2301-2303页

作者： Nicolae Gică department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 775887Romania

In this editorial we comment on the article by Gu et *** focus and debate the necessity of fertility sparing surgery in young women’s with gynecologic cancers,specifically on those patients with the desire to *** type of individu-alized treatment options is often very difficult,due to the risk of disease evolution and multiple disparities in fertility preservation services among women in di-fferent countries and *** this reason national policy interventions are mandatory in order to ensure equitable access this procedures,in women with cancer.

关键词： Fertility sparing surgery Pregnancy Gynecologic cancer Endometrial cancer Ovarian cancer

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