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The Use of Far Infrared Treatment Prior to Exercise in Horses: An mfBIA and Acoustic Myography Three Case Study

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第4期14卷 69-89页

作者： Adrian Harrison D.Phil Department for Veterinary and Animal Sciences (IVH) Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen K&#248benhavn Denmark

Background: Acute effects of Far Infrared (FIR) treatment in horses are unknown, especially short periods of 30 minutes, as is any effect on such muscle parameters as warm-up balance, overall exercise balance and laterality asymmetries. Aim: This study examines three equine cases in detail to measure any effects of a short period of FIR treatment. Methods: Multi-frequency bioimpedance (mfBIA) and acoustic myography (AMG), non-invasive techniques, were applied pre- and post-treatment with FIR to the back (T5-L4/5) and for *** dorsi and *** medius was recorded during a 15-minute warm-up regimen. mfBIA parameters included extracellular resistance (Re), centre frequency (fc), membrane capacitance (Mc), intracellular resistance (Ri) and phase angle (PA) which indicates level of training and health status. Results: FIR treatment responses for mfBIA parameters were found to be horse-specific and different, whilst in terms of AMG, FIR treatment for 30 minutes had a beneficial effect on overall balance in all three horses (5 out of 6 muscles), and a beneficial effect on the AMG parameter ST (force symmetry) in all three horses (6 out of 6 muscles). An overall improvement for combined balance and ST values for both muscles and all three horses of 86% was noted with FIR treatment, compared to 56% without. Conclusions: This preliminary study of FIR treatment in three horses, has been found to result in an overall improvement in combined balance and ST values for both muscles. FIR has potential as a promising treatment to reduce the risk of warm-up-related injuries in athletic horses.

关键词： Equine FIR muscle Balance muscle Force Injury Prevention

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Assessment of voluntary rhythmic muscle contraction-induced exercising blood flow variability measured by Doppler ultrasound

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Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology 2013年第4期3卷 158-165页

作者： Takuya Osada Bengt Saltin Goran Radegran Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion Tokyo Medical UniversityTokyoJapan the copenhagen muscle research centre RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark The Clinic for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease Skane University HospitalLundSweden Department of Cardiology Clinical SciencesLund UniversityLundSweden

Given recent technological developments, ultrasound Doppler can provide valuable measurements of blood velocity/flow in the conduit artery with high temporal resolution. In human-applied science such as exercise physiology, hemodynamic measurements in the conduit artery is commonly performed by blood flow feeding the exercising muscle, as the increase in oxygen uptake (calculated as a product of arterial blood flow to the exercising limb and the arterio-venous oxygen difference) is directly proportional to the work performed. The increased oxygen demand with physical activity is met through a central mechanism, an increase in cardiac output and blood pressure, as well as a peripheral mechanism, an increase in vascular conductance and oxygen extraction (a major part of the whole exercising muscles) from the blood. The increase in exercising muscle blood flow in relation to the target workload (quantitative response) may be one indicator in circulatory adjustment for the ac- tivity of muscle metabolism. Therefore, the determination of local blood flow dynamics (potential oxygen supply) feeding repeated (rhythmic) muscle contractions can contribute to the understanding of the factors limiting work capacity including, for instance, muscle metabolism, substance utilization and magnitude of vasodilatation in the exercising muscle. Using non-invasive measures of pulsed Doppler ultrasound, the validity of blood velocity/flow in the forearm or lower limb conduit artery feeding to the muscle has been previously demonstrated during rhythmic muscle exercise. For the evaluation of exercising blood flow, not only muscle contraction induced internal physiological variability, or fluctuations in the magnitude of blood velocity due to spontaneous muscle contraction and relaxation induced changes in force curve intensity, superimposed in cardiac beat-by-beat, but also the alterations in the blood velocity (external variability) due to a temporary sudden change in the achieved workloa

关键词： Exercising Blood Flow Doppler Ultrasound muscle Contraction Blood Flow Alterations

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Measurement of the exercising blood flow during rhythmical muscle contractions assessed by Doppler ultrasound:Methodological considerations

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2012年第12期5卷 779-788页

作者： Takuya Osada Bengt Saltin Stefan P.Mortensen Goran Radegran Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion Tokyo Medical UniversityTokyoJapan Cardiac Rehabilitation Center Tokyo Medical University HospitalTokyoJapan the copenhagen muscle research centre RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark The Clinic for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease Skane University Hospitaland Department of CardiologyIKVLLund UniversityLundSweden

Given the recent technological developments, ultra-sound Doppler can provide valuable measurements of arterial blood flow with high temporal resolution. In a clinical setting, measurements of hemodynamics is used to monitor, diagnose and manage changes in blood velocity profile for cardiac valve disease, relatively large vessel stenosis and other cardiovascular diseases. In health science and preventive medicine for cardiovascular disease with exercise therapy, evaluation of cardiac and vascular function is a useful indicator not only at rest but also during exercise, leading to improved exercise tolerance as well as physical activity. During exercise, the increase in oxygen uptake (calculated as product of arterial blood flow to the exercising limb and the arteriovenous oxygen difference) is directly proportional to the work performed. The increased oxygen demand is met through a central mechanism, an increase in cardiac output and blood pressure, as well as a peripheral mechanism, an increase in vascular conductance and oxygen extraction (major part in the whole exercising muscles) from the blood. Therefore, the determination of the local blood flow dynamics (potential oxygen supply) feeding to rhythmic muscle contractions can contribute to the understanding of the factors limiting the work capacity including, for instance the muscle metabolism, substance utilization and vasodilatation in the exercising muscle. Using non-invasive measures of pulsed Doppler ultrasound the validity of evaluating blood velocity/flow in the fore- arm or lower limb conduit artery feeding to the mus- cle is demonstrated during rhythmic muscle exercise;however the exercising blood velocity profile (fast Fourier transformation) due to muscle contractions is always seen as a physiological variability or fluctuations in the magnitude in blood velocity due to the spontaneous muscle contraction and relaxation induced changes in force curve intensity. Considering the above mentioned variation

关键词： Exercising Blood Flow Doppler Ultrasound muscle Contraction Physiological Flow Variations

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Exercise as Medicine: A translational perspective

Exercise as Medicine: A translational perspective

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第十一届全国体育科学大会

作者： Bente Klarlund Pedersen centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and centre for Physical Activity research Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen

Physical inactivity is one of the leading health problems in the world. Strong epidemiological and clinical evidence demonstrates that exercise decreases the risk of more than 35 different disorders and that exercise should be prescribed as medicine for many chronic diseases. The physiology and molecular biology of exercise suggests that exercise activates multiple signaling pathways of major health importance. When skeletal muscle contracts it produces, expresses and releases myokines with either autocrine, paracrine or endocrine effects. Hundreds of secreted peptides have been identified as part of the muscle secretome and provide a conceptual basis for understanding how muscles communicate with other organs, such as adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, bone and brain. Some myokines are thought to induce anti-inflammatory responses with each bout of exercise and other mediate long-term exercise-induced improvements in cardiovascular risk factors, having an indirect anti-inflammatory effect. Myokines also mediate anticancer effects and contribute to regulate metabolism and cognitive function. There is, however, a need to close the gap between knowledge and practice and assure that basic research is translated, implemented, and anchored in society, leading to change of praxis and political statements.

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Fitness and health benefits of team handball training for young untrained women--A cross-disciplinary RCT on physiological adaptations and motivational aspects

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第2期7卷 139-148页

作者： Therese Hornstrup Johan M.Wikman Bjorn Fristrup Susana Povoas Eva W.Helge Signe H.Nielsen Jorn W.Helge Jesper L.Andersen Lars Nybo Peter Krustrup Department of Nutrition Exercise and Sports University of Copenhagen Copenhagen N 2200 Denmark research Center in Sports Sciences Health Sciences and Human Development CIDESD University Institute of Maia ISMAI Maia 4475-690 Portugal Center of Healthy Aging Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen N 2200 Denmark Institute of Sports Medicine copenhagen Bispebjerg Hospital Copenhagen NV 2400 Denmark Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC) University of Southern Denmark Odense 3450 Denmark Sport and Health Sciences University of Exeter Exeter EX1 2LU UK

Purpose: The present study evaluated the effects of regular participation in small-sided team handball training on body composition, osteogenic response, physical performance, and cardiovascular risk factors, as well as well-being and motivation, in young untrained ***: Twenty-eight untrained 20- to 30-year-old women were randomized to a handball training group(HG; n = 14, height 170 ± 5 cm, weight 73 ± 11 kg, VO_(2peak) 37.7 ± 4.1 mL/min/kg) that trained 1.7 ± 0.3 times per week over 12 weeks(70 min 4 v 4 handball sessions) or an inactive control group(CG; n = 14, 169 ± 5 cm, 71 ± 12 kg, 38.1 ± 3.7 mL/min/kg). Physiological and psychological and motivational training adaptations were assessed pre-and post-intervention by dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DXA) scans, blood sampling, physical tests, and ***: The average heart rate(HR) over all training sessions was equal to 85% ± 6% HR_(max). Between-group intervention effects were observed in favor of HG for muscle mass(2.1%, p = 0.024), proximal femur bone mineral density(0.8%, p = 0.041), Yo-Yo IE1 intermittent endurance test level 1(IE1) performance(35%, p < 0.001), and incremental treadmill test performance(11.5%, p = 0.003), but not total fat mass(p = 0.176),mean arterial blood pressure(p = 0.328), resting HR(p = 0.219), or blood lipids(p = 0.298—0.854). In CG, no changes were observed in any of the measured physiological variables after the training period. Compared to CG, HG had an increase in intrinsic motivation(p < 0.001) and in the well-being subscale "energy"(p = 0.010).Conclusion: Participation in regular recreational team handball training organized as small-sided games has marked beneficial effects on physical performance, musculoskeletal fitness, well-being, and motivation in untrained young women.

关键词： Bone mineral density (BMD) Intensity Intermittent Motivation muscle mass Physical performance Recreational handball Well-being

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Cerebral Palsy and Stroke—Early and Late Brain Lesion Present Differences in Systemic Biomarkers and Gene Expression Related to muscle Contractures

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2021年第1期11卷 34-47页

作者： Jessica Pingel Camille Potts Theis Wolter Petersen Jens Bo Nielsen Department of Neuroscience University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark The Elsass Foundation Research Unit Charlottenlund Denmark

Background: CNS lesions that are acquired early in life e.g. cerebral palsy (CP) disturb muscle development and growth, while CNS injuries acquired later in life e.g. stroke, affect fully matured muscles and cause paresis and atrophy. These differences may result in different contracture phenotypes. Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare systemic biomarkers and gene expression levels in muscle of individuals with CNS lesions acquired early and later in life. Methods: Blood samples and muscle biopsies were analyzed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Real-time PCR from n = 24 control participants, n = 14 individuals with cerebral palsy, and n = 12 stroke survivors. Results: Systemic markers: Myostatin was significantly decreased in both the cerebral palsy (p = 0.0051), and the stroke group (p = 0.036). Creatine Kinase-MB and C-Reactive Protein were significantly elevated in stroke patients only (p 0.034 respectively). Gene expressions: The expression of myostatin (MSTN) was significantly lower in both the ST and the CP group when compared to Ctrl (p = 0.02). In addition, collagen type 4A1 (COL4A1) was significantly lower in the CP group compared to the other groups (p = 0.015). Finally, the troponin 1 slow skeletal muscle type was significantly increased in the ST group when compared to both CP and Ctrl (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The downregulation of myostatin in individuals with both early and late CNS injury is likely a compensatory reaction to muscle weakness, reduced muscle mass and/or muscle atrophy. Changes in gene expression may reflect a specific alteration depending on when in life the CNS lesions were acquired.

关键词： Cerebral Palsy Stroke Biomarkers Creatin Kinase Myostatin C-Reactive Protein

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Application of correlation techniques in the analysis of corpus cavernosum electromyographic signals

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第3期9卷 369-376页

作者： Xiao-Gang Jiang Jan Holsheimer Ljubomir Manola Gorm Wagner Hessel Wijkstra Ben Knipscheer Eric J. H. Meuleman Department of Urology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre 6500 HB Nijmegen the Netherlands Institute for Biomedical Technology University of Twente 7500 AE Enschede the Netherlands Institute of Preventive Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital DK-1375 Copenhagen Denmark Department of Urology Academic Medical Centre 1105 AZ Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Urology Free University Medical Centre 1007 MB Amsterdam the Netherlands

Aim： To establish an objective, easy-to-use and comprehensive method to analyze corpus cavernosum electromyo- graphic signals （CC-potentials）. Methods： CC-potentials were recorded during flaccidity in 23 young healthy volunteers, with surface electrodes placed on the penile shaft bilaterally. Based on the correlation function of Matlab software, an application program for the analysis of CC-potentials was developed. Individual CC-potentials and their autocorrelation function were evaluated, yielding parameters amplitude （A）, duration （D）, and dominant frequency （DF）. The crosscorrelation function of both longitudinal and bilateral pairs of adjacent electrodes was calculated to assess the similar- ity and mutual delay of CC-potentials recorded simultaneously from different parts of the CC. The parameters derived were squared maximum cross-correlation coefficient （Rmax） and delay （τ）. Based on the absolute value of τ and the corresponding inter-electrode distance, propagation velocity （PV） was calculated. Results. The values of the parameters were determined automatically. No significant difference related to the locations of the electrodes for parameters A, D, and DF was detected. The cross-correlation showed that both longitudinal and bilateral CC-potential pairs had highly similar waveforms （the absolute values of Rmax were 0.80 ± 0.05 and 0.87 ± 0.06, respectively）. PV of longitudinal pairs was estimated as 6.15 ± 3.98 cm/s. Conclusion： The application program for correlation analysis of CC-potentials is a comprehensive and versatile method to analyze corpus cavernosum electromyographic recordings. Its objectiveness makes multi-center application possible.

关键词： corpus cavernosum corpus cavernosum electromyography electrophysiology erectile dysfunction smooth muscle

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Coordinated transcriptional and post-transcriptional epigenetic regulation during skeletal muscle development and growth in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 564-577页

作者： Du Zhang Shumei Wu Xinxin Zhang Shuqiang Ren Zhonglin Tang Fei Gao Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China College of Animal Sciences South China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular BreedingNational Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine IndustryGuangzhou 510642China Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesFoshan 528226China GuangXi Engineering centre for Resource Development of Bama Xiang Pig Bama 547500China Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark.

Background:N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)and DNA 5-methylcytosine(5mC)methylation plays crucial roles in diverse biological processes,including skeletal muscle development and *** studies unveiled a potential link between these two systems,implicating the potential mechanism of coordinated transcriptional and post-transcrip-tional regulation in porcine prenatal myogenesis and postnatal skeletal muscle ***:Immunofluorescence and co-IP assays were carried out between the 5mC writers and m^(6)A writers to investigate the molecular basis ***-scale in-house transcriptomic data were compiled for applying weighted correlation network analysis(WGCNA)to identify the co-expression patterns of m^(6)A and 5mC regulators and their potential role in pig ***-genome bisulfite sequencing(WGBS)and methylated RNA immu-noprecipitation sequencing(MeRIP-seq)were performed on the skeletal muscle samples from Landrace pigs at four postnatal growth stages(days 30,60,120 and 180).Results:Significantly correlated expression between 5mC writers and m^(6)A writers and co-occurrence of 5mC and m^(6)A modification were revealed from public datasets of C2C12 *** protein-protein interactions between the DNA methylase and the m^(6)A methylase were observed in mouse myoblast ***,by analyzing tran-scriptome data comprising 81 pig skeletal muscle samples across 27 developmental stages,we identified a 5mC/m^(6)A epigenetic module eigengene and decoded its potential functions in pre-or post-transcriptional regulation in postnatal skeletal muscle development and growth of *** integrative multi-omics analyses on the WGBS methylome data and MeRIP-seq data for both m^(6)A and gene expression profiles revealed a genome/transcriptome-wide correlated dynamics and co-occurrence of 5mC and m^(6)A modifications as a consequence of 5mC/m^(6)A crosstalk in the postnatal myogenesis progress of ***,we identified a group of myogenesis-relat

关键词： DNA methylation Epigenetic modification Epigenomic analysis 5mC regulators m^(6)A methylation m^(6)A regulators Myogenesis

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MRI of the Bladder in Patients Suspected of Bladder Tumors

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Open Journal of Radiology 2014年第2期4卷 207-214页

作者： Karen Lind Gandrup Jorgen Nordling Henrik S.Thomsen Department of Diagnostic Radiology Copenhagen University Hospital HerlevCopenhagenDenmark Department of Urology Copenhagen University Hospital HerlevCopenhagenDenmark

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the use of MRI for the detecting of bladder tumors and the T- stage using T2W, T1W and diffusion-weighted images (DWI). Material and methods: Twenty-eight consecutive patients (21 men, 7 women;age range, 20 - 82 years;mean age, 62.8 years) suspected of bladder tumors underwent MRI, flexible cystoscopy and transurethral resection (TURB). The presence of bladder tumor was confirmed by histopathology in 21 patients;18 patients had pTa, one pT1 and two pT2. The images were reviewed by two uroradiologists. They assigned the presence of a bladder tumor and whether the tumor was non-muscle invasive (Ta and T1) or muscle- invasive (T2, T3 or T4). Results: Compared to the histopathological results, the accuracy for identifying a bladder tumor was 60.7% and 53.7% for reviewer A and B, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were 66.7%/61.9% and 57.1%/42.9%. Positive predictive values were 82.6%/ 76.5%. The overall staging was correct in 47.6%/52.5%, but improved on stage-by-stage up to 50%/66.7%. The agreement between the reviewers was moderate in the detecting, staging and location of the tumor (Kappa = 0.47 - 0.57). Conclusion: A simple MRI using no contrast media, but DWI, cannot replace flexible cystoscopy in the detection of new or recurrent bladder tumors.

关键词： Urography Diagnostic Imaging Hematuria Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cystoscopy

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Human skeletal muscle perilipin 2 and 3 expression varies with insulin sensitivity

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第5期6卷 65-72页

作者： Andreas Vigelso Clara Prats Thorkil Ploug Flemming Dela Jorn W. Helge Center for Healthy Aging CopenhagenDenmark Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

Background: Impaired insulin sensitivity may partly arise from a dysregulated lipid metabolism in human skeletal muscle. This study investigates the expression levels of perilipin 2, 3, and 5, and four key lipases in human skeletal muscle from the subjects that exhibit a range from normal to very low insulin sensitivity. Methods: 25 middle aged male participants were matched for lean body mass and recruited into three groups;type 2 diabetes patients (T2D), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and healthy sedentary controls (CON) according to their glucose tolerance and VO2peak. A muscle biopsy was obtained from vastus lateralis, and a two-step sequential euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp was performed. muscle samples were analyzed by Western blot for expression of perilipin 2, 3, 5, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), endothelial lipase (EL) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Results: Perilipin 3 expression was higher in T2D compared to CON. Perilipin 2 expression was higher in CON than T2D. We observed no difference in expression of perili pin 5, ATGL, HSL, EL or LPL between the groups. Conclusions: In the present study the muscle perilipin 3 expression and perilipin 2 expression varied markedly with insulin sensitivity. This difference in perilipin expression may indicate that the lipid droplet function and thus storage and release of fatty acid-vary with insulin sensitivity.

关键词： Lipid Metabolism Insulin Sensitivity Perilipin Proteins Lipolysis Human Skeletal muscle Lipotoxicity

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