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Coordinating environmental protection and agricultural development: a village-based case study for promoting green transformation

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and engineering 2024年第1期11卷 100-112页

作者： Kemo JIN Nico HEERINK William JDAVIES Jianbo SHEN Yifeitong ZHANG Yong HOU Yaqiao ZHAO Zhengxiong ZHAO Fusuo ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Social Sciences Wageningen University and Research6700 AA Wageningenthe Netherlands Lancaster Environment Centre University of LancasterLancasterLA14YQUK college of Agricultural and environmental science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA college of Economics and Management Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China college of Resources and Environment Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China

Balancing ecological preservation with sustainable agricultural practices is a global issue. Erhai Lake has felt this challenge keenly. To address it, in 2022, a Science and Technology Backyards(STBs) project was launched in Gusheng Village. The goal of this is to care for the environment while ensuring that farms and farmers can thrive sustainably. The uniqueness of the Erhai STB arises from its interdisciplinary integration, encompassing fields such as ecology, agronomy and social science, resulting in specifically-designed solutions for the Erhai context. While this model aligns with broader STB paradigms, its distinctive edge lies in technological innovation and robust support mechanisms for local agricultural stakeholders. This paper describes the methodology and outcomes of the STB initiative, highlighting its pivotal role in spearheading sustainable transition in Erhai. Preliminary findings underscore the potential of the STB model as an efficacious tool for harmonizing environmental conservation and agricultural practices, that are both financially and environmentally sustainable, rendering it a potential model for comparable regions in China and other counties.

关键词： Agriculture green development Science and Technology Backyards Erhai environmental protection smallholders

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Impact of mechanical compaction on crop growth and sustainable agriculture

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and engineering 2024年第2期11卷 243-252页

作者： Zijian LONG Yifei WANG Baoru SUN Xiaoyan TANG Kemo JIN college of Resources and Environmental Sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions(Ministry of Education)China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China college of Resources Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

With the development of agricultural technology to meet the growing demands of a rapidly increasing population and economic development,intensive agriculture practices have been widely adopted globally. However,this intensification has resulted in adverse consequences for soil structure due to intensified farming activities and increased usage of heavy farm *** particular concern is soil compaction, which leads to the degradation of physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. Soil compaction negatively impacts crop growth, reduces yields and poses a significant threat to food security and the overall sustainability of agricultural *** these challenges, this review aims to deepen understanding of the factors contributing to soil compaction and to develop effective mitigation strategies. By doing so, it is intended to attenuate the adverse impacts of soil compaction, improve soil structure, increase crop yield and ultimately enhance the sustainability of agricultural practices.

关键词： Soil compaction mechanical compaction bio-tillage agricultural production

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Probing the Gamma-Ray Emission Region of Five TeV Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 156-169页

作者： Hu-Bing Xiao Hai-Tao Cao Rui Xue Jin-Ting Cai Ge-Ge Wang Marina Manganaro Shao-Hua Zhang Zhi-Hao Ouyang Li-Ping Fu Jun-Hui Fan Shanghai Key Lab for Astrophysics Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China School of Information engineering Guangzhou Panyu PolytechnicGuangzhou 511483China Department of Physics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China college of Mathematics and Physics Guangxi Minzu UniversityNanning 530006China Key Laboratory of Cosmology and Astrophysics(Liaoning) College of SciencesNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Department of Physics University of RijekaRijeka 51000Croatia Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory for Astronomical Observation and Technology of Guangzhou Guangzhou 510006China Astronomy Science and Technology Research Laboratory of Department of Education of Guangdong Province Guangzhou 510006China

The location ofγ-ray emission of blazars remains a contested topic,inspiring the development of numerous investigative techniques to address this *** this work,we analyzed Fermiγ-ray light curves in the GeV and MeV bands,employing the discrete cross-correlation function method to discern time lags between the two *** 4C+21.35,Ton 599,B21420+32,and PKS 1510-089,we identified a time lag spanning several days,while for PKS 1441+25,the time lag was not statistically *** results imply that the soft photons necessary for inverse Compton scattering predominantly originate from the dusty torus in the first four sources,whereas for PKS1441+25,they seem to be sourced mainly from the broad-line *** analysis of the opacity(τγγ)and the GeV spectra study supports the conclusion that the location of the dissipation region must be beyond the BLR to avoid significant ***,for PKS 1441+25,the emission region is also posited to lie outside yet proximate to the *** parameters of describing the emission region were obtained by fitting broadband spectral energy distribution with contemporaneous observation *** findings suggest that for the five TeV FSRQs,during Te V flaring events,the jet appears to maintain an equilibrium between the energy density of the magnetic field and that of the particles for all investigated sources,with the exceptions of 4C+21.35 and PKS1441+*** terms of the overall jet power,particle energy is the dominant contributor,and the observed blazar radiation cannot be solely attributed to the magnetic field,except in the case of 4C+***,magnetic reconnection is unlikely to be the primary mechanism behind particle acceleration in these systems.

关键词： galaxies:active gamma-rays:galaxies galaxies:jets

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New indices to balanceα-diversity against tree size inequality

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 229-237页

作者： Li Zhang Brady K.Quinn Cang Hui Meng Lian Johan Gielis Jie Gao Peijian Shi college of Ecology and Environment Bamboo Research InstituteNanjing Forestry University159 Longpan RoadNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China Fisheries and Oceans Canada Andrews Biological Station125 Marine Science DriveSt.AndrewsNB E5B 0E4Canada Department of Mathematical Sciences Centre for Invasion BiologyStellenbosch UniversityMatieland 7602South Africa Mathematical and Physical Biosciences African Institute for Mathematical SciencesCape Town 7945South Africa Department of Biosciences engineering University of AntwerpB-2020 AntwerpBelgium college of Life Science Xinjiang Normal University102 Xinyi RoadUrumqi 830054People’s Republic of China

The number and composition of species in a community can be quantified withα-diversity indices,including species richness(R),Simpson’s index(D),and the Shannon-Wiener index(H΄).In forest communities,there are large variations in tree size among species and individu-als of the same species,which result in differences in eco-logical processes and ecosystem ***,tree size inequality(TSI)has been largely neglected in studies using the available diversity *** TSI in the diameter at breast height(DBH)data for each of 99920 m×20 m forest census quadrats was quantified using the Gini index(GI),a measure of the inequality of size *** generalized performance equation was used to describe the rotated and right-shifted Lorenz curve of the cumulative proportion of DBH and the cumulative proportion of number of trees per *** also examined the relationships ofα-diversity indices with the GI using correlation *** generalized performance equation effectively described the rotated and right-shifted Lorenz curve of DBH distributions,with most root-mean-square errors(990 out of 999 quadrats)being<*** were significant positive correlations between each of threeα-diversity indices(i.e.,R,D,and H’)and the ***,the total abundance of trees in each quadrat did not significantly influence the *** means that the TSI increased with increasing spe-cies ***,two new indices are proposed that can balanceα-diversity against the extent of TSI in the com-munity:(1−GI)×D,and(1−GI)×H’.These new indices were significantly correlated with the original D and H΄,and did not increase the extent of variation within each group of *** study presents a useful tool for quantifying both species diversity and the variation in tree sizes in forest communities,especially in the face of cumulative species loss under global climate change.

关键词： Diameter at breast height(DBH) Gini index Shannon-Wiener index Simpson’s index Quadrat Tree size

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Polycystic ovary syndrome: pathogenic mechanisms and nutritional therapeutic strategies

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yanyan Zhao Bin Liu Junying Zhao Yanpin Liu Hang Pan Yuying Yuan Xiaoyan Tian Weicang Qiao Zhenzhen Zhang Lijun Chen School of Public Health， Shandong Second Medical University National engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child， Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co.Ltd. Beijing engineering Research Center of Dairy， Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research， Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co.Ltd. Key Laboratory of Dairy Science， Ministry of Education， Food Science college， Northeast Agricultural University

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease afflicting women of childbearing age. It is characterized by irregular menstruation， clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenemia， and polycystic ovary morphology. As a complex endocrine-metabolic syndrome， PCOS shares several endocrine-metabolic features with the metabolic syndrome (MS)， with insulin resistance at the core of their pathogenic mechanisms. PCOS and MS are interrelated and thus have similarities in treatment. Currently， the common treatment modalities for both are lifestyle intervention， medication， and surgery. More studies have shown that lifestyle intervention and regulation of intestinal flora are more effective and sustainable. However， progress towards treatment and cure is hampered by unclear etiology and mechanisms. This review aimed to summarize the relationship between PCOS and MS， the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders， and the current nutritional therapeutic strategies， especially lifestyle modifications and modulation of intestinal flora. Lifestyle interventions combined with the regulation of gut flora can be a new perspective for treatment. This perspective has a positive significance in the early diagnosis， adoption of personalized treatment plans， and prevention of complications in PCOS and MS. The need to prevent the occurrence of MS in patients with PCOS should be emphasized.

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Traceable ring signature schemes based on SM2 digital signature algorithm and its applications in the data sharing scheme

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 251-253页

作者： Yongxin ZHANG Hong LEI Bin WANG Qinghao WANG Ning LU Wenbo SHI Bangdao CHEN Qiuling YUE R&D Department SSC Holding CompanyLtd.Chengmai 571924China School of Cyberspace Security(School of Cryptography) Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China college of Computer Science and engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi'an 710071China Blockchain Research Group Oxford-Hainan Blockchain Research InstituteChengmai 571924China

1 Introduction Identity privacy concerns hinder data sharing by casting doubt on the safeguarding of personal information,eroding trust,and impeding the willingness of individuals and organizations to exchange their data[1,2].The traceable ring signatures(TRSs)addresses the contradiction between identity privacy and regulation[3],no scheme has been developed thus far that is based on SM2,the Chinese cryptographic public key algorithm standard,without relying on centralized trust.

关键词： SM2 signature scheme

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High-throughput fluorescent screening of thioredoxin reductase inhibitors to inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 358-362页

作者： Fei Yan Xin Zhao Ruibo Li Xiuyan Han Qiulong Yan Lei Feng Xiulan Xin Jingnan Cui Xiaochi Ma Second Affiliated Hospital Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004China School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China college of Bioengineering Beijing PolytechnicBeijing 100029China

Tuberculosis(TB)is a chronic infectious disease,which is caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb)and reemerged as a global health risk with a significant proportion of multi-drug resistant and extensively drug resistant TB *** is very urgent to find some novel high-confidence drug targets in Mtb for discovering the effective anti-TB *** reductase(TrxR)has been identified to be a highly viable target for anti-TB drugs for its important role in protecting the pathogen from thiol-specific oxidizing stress,regulating intracellular dithiol/disulfide homeostasis and DNA replication and *** the present work,a near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent probe DDAT was developed for the detection of TrxR activity and used to high-throughput screen the TrxR inhibitors from natural *** screened TrxR inhibitors from Sappan Lignum and microbial metabolites that were further used to inhibit Mycobacterium *** the results indicate that DDAT is a practical fluorescent molecular tool for the discovery of potential anti-TB drugs.

关键词： Thioredoxin reductase NIR fluorescent probe Fluorescence imaging High-throughput screening inhibitors Inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan Wang Meng Wang Yanying Wang Dan Tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun Tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University college of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation Clean Air Asia

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public ***,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is *** high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to *** used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases *** analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality ***,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 *** of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health *** enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and *** findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

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Observation of spectral lines in the exceptional GRB 221009A

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 187-206页

作者： Yan-Qiu Zhang Shao-Lin Xiong Ji-Rong Mao Shuang-Nan Zhang Wang-Chen Xue Chao Zheng Jia-Cong Liu Zhen Zhang Xi-Lu Wang Ming-Yu Ge Shu-Xu Yi Li-Ming Song Zheng-Hua An Ce Cai Xin-Qiao Li Wen-Xi Peng Wen-Jun Tan Chen-Wei Wang Xiang-Yang Wen Yue Wang Shuo Xiao Fan Zhang Peng Zhang Shi-Jie Zheng Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650011China Center for Astronomical Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China college of Physics and Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China college of Electronic and Information engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

As the brightest gamma-ray burst ever observed,GRB 221009A provided a precious opportunity to explore spectral line *** this article,we performed a comprehensive spectroscopy analysis of GRB 221009A jointly with GECAM-C and Fermi/GBM data to search for emission and absorption *** the first time we investigated the line feature throughout this GRB including the most bright part where many instruments suffered problems,and identified prominent emission lines in multiple time *** central energy of the Gaussian emission line evolves from about 37 to 6 MeV,with a nearly constant ratio(about 10%)between the line width and central ***,we find that both the central energy and the energy flux of the emission line evolve with time as a power law decay with power law index of–1 and–2,*** suggest that the observed emission lines most likely origin from the blue-shifted electron positron pair annihilation 511 ke V *** find that a standard high latitude emission scenario cannot fully interpret the observation,thus we propose that the emission line comes from some dense clumps with electron positron pairs traveling together with the *** this scenario,we can use the emission line to directly,for the first time,measure the bulk Lorentz factor of the jet(Γ)and reveal its time evolution(i.e.,Γ~t^(-1))during the prompt ***,we find that the flux of the annihilation line in the co-moving frame keeps *** discoveries of the spectral line features shed new and important lights on the physics of GRB and relativistic jet.

关键词： GRB GRB 221009A emission line

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基于实际预压载作业的自升式平台环境载荷图谱绘制新思路

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哈尔滨工程大学学报（英文版） 2024年第1期23卷 209-221页

作者：孙承猛林海花张志刚孙洪源周立师 Naval Architecture and Port engineering college Shandong Jiao Tong UniversityWeihai 264209China School of Ocean engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai 264209China China Merchants Jinling Shipyard(Weihai)Co. Ltd.Weihai 264207China

The environmental load chart is an important technical support required for the jack-up drilling platform to facilitate its adaptation to different operating waters and ensure the safety of *** chart is a crucial part of the platform operation *** chart data are closely related to external factors such as water depth,wind,wave,and current conditions of the working water,as well as to the structural characteristics of the platform itself and the number of variable *** study examines the platform state under extreme wind,wave,and current conditions during *** addition,this study focuses on the difference between the ultimate reaction force of the pile leg during preloading and the reaction force of the pile leg without considering any environmental load before ***,the relationship between the difference and the new reaction force of the pile leg caused by the combination of different environmental conditions is established to facilitate the construction of a new form of environmental load *** newly formed chart is flexible and simple;thus,it can be used to evaluate the environmental adaptability of the platform in the target well location and provides the preloading target demand or variable load limit according to the given environmental ***,the platform can perform personalized preloading operations,thereby improving its capability to cope with complex geological conditions,such as reducing punch-through *** condition reduces the load on jacking system devices and increases its service life.

关键词： Jack-up Environmental load chart Preloading Geometrically nonlinear effect Punch through

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