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Local State Capacity and Uneven Taxation across Industrial Firms

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China & World Economy 2024年第3期32卷 191-214页

作者： Linke Hou Zhikuo Liu Qi Zhang Xiaolu Zhao the economic Research Center Shandong UniversityChina China Center for economic studies Fudan UniversityChina School of economics Ocean University of ChinaChina

In this research we investigate the association between local state capacity(LSC)and effective tax burdens(ETBs)on industrial firms within counties between 1998 and *** LSC measures a state's capacity for policy implementation and specifically its ability to acquire low-cost agricultural land for nonagricultural(industrial or commercial)*** on China's government-led development experience since the 1990s,we draw on two unique household survey datasets to capture LSC at county *** find robust evidence that greater LSC was associated with much lower ETBs on large industrial *** taxation pattern implies local government's primary reliance on larger manufacturing firms,while the ETBs for small-and-medium enterprises are not as prominently *** research highlights that LSC can affect both the amount of revenue a local government can generate and the methods it uses to collect these revenues.

关键词： China effective tax burdens land requisition local government local state capacity

How the adoption of industry 4.0 technologies is related to participation in global and domestic value chains: Evidence from Russia

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International Journal of Innovation studies 2024年第2期8卷 93-108页

作者： Anna A.Fedyunina Nikolay A.Gorodnyi Yuri V.Simachev Centre for Industrial Policy studies National Research University Higher School of EconomicMoscow11Pokrovsky BoulevardZip Code:101000Russia

This study explores the relationships among Industry 4.0 technologies, their application areas,and the involvement of Russian manufacturing firms in global and domestic value chains. Weapply logit and multinomial logit regressions using an original survey dataset of approximately1700 Russian manufacturing firms. We make a novel contribution to the literature by uncoveringan asymmetry in adopting Industry 4.0 technologies among Russian industrial firms in domesticvalue chains (DVCs) and global value chains (GVCs). This asymmetry has the potential to impedeGVC localization and DVC internationalization. Based on our results, software automation solu-tions are the only ones demonstrating statistical significance for firms participating simulta-neously in GVCs, DVCs, and both GVCs and DVCs. Companies in DVCs demonstrate a broaderutilization of Industry 4.0 technologies across various application areas. We also identify evidenceof reshoring in DVCs, indicating that Industry 4.0 adoption encourages firms to establish enduringrelationships with domestic suppliers. Highlighting that differences in technology adoption areinfluenced by external factors, including adherence to international standards and regulatoryprinciples, we propose policy implications for developing countries. Recommendations encom-pass reducing entry barriers to DVCs, improving procurement transparency, and promotingcompetition in the digital solutions market to empower firms for seamless GVC integration.

关键词： Industry 4.0 Global value chains Domestic value chains Forward linkages Backward linkages

Measures of Relative and Absolute Convergence and Pro-poor Growth with an Illustration based on China(2010–2018)

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China & World Economy 2024年第2期32卷 1-41页

作者： Elena Bárcena-Martin Jacques Silber Yuan Zhang Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales Universidad de MálagaSpain Department of economics Bar-Ilan UniversityIsrael China Center for economic studies Fudan UniversityChina

Income mobility is a key issue for understanding the process of economic growth and distributional *** economists have used the concept of“pro-poor growth”to examine,with individual-level panel data,whether the poor benefit more than the rich from economic growth by tracking the extent of income mobility among different population *** is also literature in macroeconomics on the measurement of *** paper introduces population-weighted relative and absolute indices of mobility,convergence,and pro-poor growth;it also distinguishes between anonymous and nonanonymous approaches to these *** empirical analysis is based on Chinese panel data for the period 2010–*** both absolute and relative terms,income growth in China was greater for individuals with an initially lower income but only for lower income deciles in relative *** was also an overall increase in individual welfare from anonymous and nonanonymous perspectives,which was higher among younger *** welfare of the poor did not increase more than that of the *** results shed light on the evolution of income distribution in China during the past decade's rapid economic growth.

关键词： anonymous and nonanonymous approach convergence exchange and structural mobility pro-poor growth

Spatial Structure of Peer Networks and Academic Achievement Based on a Random Control Trial Experiment

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China & World Economy 2024年第3期32卷 67-97页

作者： Shilan Feng Ya Tan Zhi Wang Qinghua Zhang School of Marxism Peking UniversityChina School of International Trade and economics University of International Business and EconomicsChina China Center for economic studies Fudan Universityand Shanghai Institute of International Finance and EconomicsChina Guanghua School of Management Peking UniversityChina

This paper investigates whether changing the seating arrangement in a classroom can facilitate positive spillovers from top-performing students to others,using a field experiment conducted in a Chinese high *** study groups with balanced abilities,the treatment altered the spatial distribution by assigning the two top students to seats in the spatial center of each *** the reference groups where students were allowed to choose their own seating arrangements,the lowest performing were significantly less likely to sit next to a top student than they would be under a random *** results suggest that,in the treated groups,there could be enhanced academic spillovers from the top *** treatment especially benefited the two lowest performing students in science *** contrast,the treatment exerted negative effects on the test scores of the two middle-performing students,due to a disruption *** results suggest that the spatial layout of a peer network can have a significant impact on learning outcomes.

关键词： field experiment peer effects social interactions spatial structure test scores

Recent advances and future prospects on Ni_(3)S_(2)-Based electrocatalysts for efficient alkaline water electrolysis

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第4期9卷 659-683页

作者： Shiwen Wang Zhen Geng Songhu Bi Yuwei Wang Zijian Gao Liming Jin Cunman Zhang Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center School of Automotive StudiesTongji UniversityShanghai201804China

Green hydrogen(H_(2))produced by renewable energy powered alkaline water electrolysis is a promising alternative to fossil fuels due to its high energy density with zero-carbon ***,efficient and economic H_(2) production by alkaline water electrolysis is hindered by the sluggish hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Therefore,it is imperative to design and fabricate high-active and low-cost non-precious metal catalysts to improve the HER and OER performance,which affects the energy efficiency of alkaline water ***_(3)S_(2) with the heazlewoodite structure is a potential electrocatalyst with near-metal conductivity due to the Ni–Ni metal ***,the review comprehensively presents the recent progress of Ni_(3)S_(2)-based electrocatalysts for alkaline water ***,the HER and OER mechanisms,performance evaluation criteria,preparation methods,and strategies for performance improvement of Ni_(3)S_(2)-based electrocatalysts are *** challenges and perspectives are also analyzed.

关键词： Alkaline water electrolysis Hydrogen Electrocatalysts Ni_(3)S_(2)

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两个端到端无缺口基因组的完整组装揭示了Brassica rapa中复杂的结构变异（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期 2346-2351页

作者：周一凡叶瀚哲刘恩纬田京京宋莉萍任志勇王蔓孙征辉汤利光任中月李金泉聂启军汪爱华王坤 State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Hubei Hongshan Laboratory College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan Vegetable Research Institute Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of economic Crops Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute for Advanced studies Wuhan University RNA Institute Wuhan University

Brassica has long been of paramount importance to agriculture and human nutrition. Among the Brassica genus, Brassica rapa,the AA diploid, stands out as a prominent representative, valued for its versatility both as a vegetable and oil crop and its genetic proximity to other Brassica species. economically, B. rapa plays an important role in the food industry, contributing to 12%of the global edible oil supply and 10%of vegetable yield [1].

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Explainable artificial intelligence models for mineral prospectivity mapping

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2864-2875页

作者： Renguang ZUO Qiuming CHENG Ying XU Fanfan YANG Yihui XIONG Ziye WANG Oliver P.KREUZER State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Corporate Geoscience Group (CGSG) economic Geology Research Centre (EGRU) College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook University

Mineral prospectivity mapping(MPM) is designed to reduce the exploration search space by combining and analyzing geological prospecting big data. Such geological big data are too large and complex for humans to effectively handle and interpret. Artificial intelligence(AI) algorithms, which are powerful tools for mining nonlinear mineralization patterns in big data obtained from mineral exploration, have demonstrated excellent performance in MPM. However, AI-driven MPM faces several challenges, including difficult interpretability, poor generalizability, and physical inconsistencies. In this study, based on previous studies, we devised a novel workflow that aims to constructing more transparent and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI) models for MPM by embedding domain knowledge throughout the AI-driven MPM, from input data to model design and model output. This newly proposed approach provides strong geological and conceptual leads that guide the entire AI-driven MPM model training process, thereby improving model interpretability and performance. Overall, the development of XAI models for MPM is capable of embedding prior and expert knowledge throughout the modeling process, presenting a valuable and promising area for future research designed to improve MPM.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Mineral prospectivity mapping Geological prospecting big data Domain knowledge Interpretability

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Whose Aid is Beneficial to Firms'Exports?Evidence from a Post-disaster Aid Experiment in China

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China & World Economy 2024年第2期32卷 73-96页

作者： Tan Li Qing Liu Lihe Xu School of International Business Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChina School of economics Renmin University of ChinaChina Institute of studies for the Greater Bay Area Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesChina

Post-disaster aid is widely regarded as important in helping local recovery and *** paper examines the effectiveness of post-disaster aid on exports,which are a driving factor of economic *** reports a natural experiment in China–the case of post-disaster aid following the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008–to examine how donors'experiences affected the exports of manufacturing firms in disaster-stricken *** export experience of the donor was *** coming from donors with more export experience was more beneficial to the exports of firms in recipient counties than aid from less experienced donors.“Learning from the donor”is a potential channel through which this effect *** is,firms in recipient counties learned from donors'export experience by exporting more products similar to those of donors,exporting more to the destination countries of donors,and participating in the donors'supply-chain networks by exporting more of the donors'***“learning from the donor”effects show that knowledge spillover can occur between spatially distant parties,which complements the literature.

关键词： China export knowledge spillover post-disaster aid

Genetic mechanism of body size variation in groupers:Insights from phylotranscriptomics

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 314-328页

作者： Wei-Wei Zhang Zhuo-Ying Weng Xi Wang Yang Yang Duo Li Le Wang Xiao-Chun Liu Zi-Ning Meng State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic AnimalsSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510275China Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering(Zhuhai) ZhuhaiGuangdong 519000China Area of Ecology and Biodiversity School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Molecular Population Genetics Group Temasek Life Sciences LaboratorySingapore City 117604Singapore

Animal body size variation is of particular interest in evolutionary biology,but the genetic basis remains largely *** studies have shown the presence of two parallel evolutionary genetic clusters within the fish genus Epinephelus with evident divergence in body size,providing an excellent opportunity to investigate the genetic basis of body size variation in ***,we performed phylotranscriptomic analysis and reconstructed the phylogeny of 13 epinephelids originating from the South China *** genetic clades with an estimated divergence time of approximately 15.4 million years ago were correlated with large and small body size,respectively.A total of 180 rapidly evolving genes and two positively selected genes were identified between the two *** enrichment analyses of these candidate genes revealed distinct enrichment categories between the two *** pathways and genes may play important roles in body size variation in groupers through complex regulatory *** on our results,we speculate that the ancestors of the two divergent groups of groupers may have adapted to different environments through habitat selection,leading to genetic variations in metabolic patterns,organ development,and lifespan,resulting in body size divergence between the two locally adapted *** findings provide important insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying body size variation in groupers and species differentiation.

关键词： Phylotranscriptomics Grouper Body size Rapidly evolving genes(REGs) Positively selected genes(PSGs)

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