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A Novel Method for Forecasting Freak Wave Occurrence in A Short Crested Coastal Sea

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China ocean engineering 2024年第1期38卷 104-116页

作者： WANG Ying-guang state key laboratory of ocean engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of ocean and Civil engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In order to forecast the distribution of crest amplitudes and the occurrence of freak waves in a short crested coastal sea,a novel transformed linear simulation method is initially proposed in this paper.A Hermite transformation model expressed as a monotonic cubic polynomial serves as the foundation for the novel simulation *** wave crest amplitude exceedance probabilities of two sea states-one with a directional wave spectrum based on the measured wave elevation data at the Yura coast and the other with a typical directional JONSWAP wave spectrum-have been predicted using the novel simulation method that has been *** likelihood that a particular critical wave crest amplitude will be exceeded is directly correlated with the probability that freak waves will *** is shown that the novel simulation approach suggested can provide predictions that are more precise than those obtained from the Rayleigh crest amplitude distribution model,the Jahns and Wheeler crest amplitude distribution model,or the conventional linear simulation *** study also demonstrated that the nonlinear simulation method is less effective than the novel simulation method in terms of efficiency.

关键词： wave crest amplitude freak waves short crested sea transformed linear simulation

Simultaneous enhancement of red luminescence and thermal stability of a novel red phosphor:A Li+-Eu3+ co-occupied site strategy in BaAl2Ge2O8 lattices

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1846-1854页

作者： Wei Zhang Changjian Wang Xusheng Qiao Xianping Fan state key laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang University ocean Academy Zhejiang University

The rapid development of phosphor-converted white light emitting diodes（pc-WLEDs） requires new red phosphors with efficient and thermally stable luminescence for high-quality warm-white ***,it is still a challenge to discover red phosphors with facile synthesis,high internal quantum efficiency（IQE）,excellent thermal stability and high color ***,a novel red-emitting Eu3+activated barium dialuminum digermanate（BaAl2Ge3O8,EAGO） phosphor showing strong red emission at 610 nm was *** IQE is improved from 32.91% to 78.84% by employing a charge compensation *** lithium-ion co-dop ed BAGO:Eu3+phosphor exhibits a nearly twofold increase in integral photoluminescence（PL） intensity and the high color purity reaches 94.17%.Impressively,the PL intensity of the BAGO:Eu3+,Li+phosphor drops by only 2.6% at 150℃ of that at room ***,the pc-WLED using the red BAGO:Eu3+,Li+phosphor exhibits white light with the chromaticity coordinate of（0.3515,0.3495）,a high color-rendering index of 92 and a low correlated color temperature of 4746 *** these results manifest that BAGO:Eu3+,Li+phosphor is a suitable red phosphor for nearultraviolet（NUV） chip-based pc-WLEDs.

关键词： Red phosphor Charge compensation High quantum efficiency Excellent thermal stability Rare earths

Experimental investigation on the permeability of gap-graded soil due to horizontal suffusion considering boundary effect

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第3期16卷 1072-1084页

作者： Xuwei Wang Yeshuang Xu state key laboratory of ocean engineering School of Naval ArchitectureOceanand Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Shanghai key laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure Department of Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

The boundary condition is a crucial factor affecting the permeability variation due to *** experimental investigation on the permeability of gap-graded soil due to horizontal suffusion considering the boundary effect is conducted,where the hydraulic head difference(DH)varies,and the boundary includes non-loss and soil-loss *** samples are filled into seven soil storerooms connected in *** evaluation,the variation in content of fine sand(ΔR_(f))and the hydraulic conductivity of soils in each storeroom(C_(i))are *** the non-loss test,the soil sample filling area is divided into runoff,transited,and accumulated areas according to the negative or positive ΔR_(f) values.ΔR_(f) increases from negative to positive along the seepage path,and Ci decreases from runoff area to transited area and then rebounds in accumulated *** the soil-loss test,all soil sample filling areas belong to the runoff area,where the gentle-loss,strengthened-loss,and alleviated-loss parts are further divided.ΔR_(f) decreases from the gentle-loss part to the strengthened-loss part and then rebounds in the alleviated-loss part,and C_(i) increases and then decreases along the seepage *** relationship between ΔR_(f) and Ci is different with the boundary *** exponentially decreases with ΔR_(f) in the non-loss test and increases with ΔR_(f) generally in the soil-loss test.

关键词： Suffusion Permeability Experimental investigation Boundary effect Horizontal seepage

Investigation of stress-induced progressive failure of mine pillars using a Voronoi grain-based breakable block model

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第5期34卷 713-729页

作者： Shili Qiu Shirui Zhang Quan Jiang Shaojun Li Hao Zhang Qiankuan Wang state key laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China state key laboratory of ocean engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The Voronoi grain-based breakable block model(VGBBM)based on the combined finite-discrete element method(FDEM)was proposed to explicitly characterize the failure mechanism and predict the deformation behavior of hard-rock mine *** influence of the microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical behavior was investigated using laboratory-scale *** field-scale pillar models(width-to-height,W/H=1,2 and 3)were calibrated based on the empirically predicted stress-strain curves of Creighton mine *** results indicated that as the W/H ratios increased,the VGBBM effectively predicted the transition from strain-softening to pseudo-ductile behavior in pillars,and explicitly captured the separated rock slabs and the V-shaped damage zones on both sides of pillars and conjugate shear bands in core zones of *** volumetric strain field revealed significant compressional deformation in core zones of *** the peak strains of W/H=1 and 2 pillars were relatively consistent,there were significant differences in the strain energy storage and release mechanism.W/H was the primary factor influencing the deformation and strain energy in the pillar *** friction coefficient of the structural plane was also an important factor affecting the pillar strength and the weakest discontinuity *** fracture surface was controlled by the discontinuity angle and the friction *** study demonstrated the capability of the VGBBM in predicting the strengths and deformation behavior of hard-rock pillars in deep mine design.

关键词： Pillar strength FDEM Voronoi tessellation Spalling Bulking

Bionic soft robotic gripper with feedback control for adaptive grasping and capturing applications

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Frontiers of Mechanical engineering 2024年第1期19卷 129-148页

作者： Tingke WU Zhuyong LIU Ziqi MA Boyang WANG Daolin MA Hexi YU Department of engineering Mechanics School of Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China state key laboratory of ocean engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China MOE key laboratory of Hydrodynamics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Robots are playing an increasingly important role in engineering *** robots have promising applications in several fields due to their inherent advantages of compliance,low density,and soft interactions.A soft gripper based on bio-inspiration is proposed in this *** analyze the cushioning and energy absorption mechanism of human fingertips in detail and provide insights for designing a soft gripper with a variable stiffness *** investigate the grasping modes through a large deformation modeling approach,which is verified through *** characteristics of the three grasping modes are quantified through testing and can provide guidance for robotics ***,the adaptability of the soft gripper is verified by grasping multi-scale and extremely soft ***,a cushioning model of the soft gripper is proposed,and the effectiveness of cushioning is verified by grasping extremely sharp objects and living ***,we validate the advantages of the variable stiffness of the soft gripper,and the results show that the soft robot can robustly complete assemblies with a gap of only 0.1 *** to the unstructured nature of the engineering environment,the soft gripper can be applied in complex environments based on the abovementioned experimental ***,we design the soft robotics system with feedback capture based on the inspiration of human catching *** feasibility of engineering applications is initially verified through fast capture experiments on moving *** design concept of this robot can provide new insights for bionic machinery.

关键词： soft bionic gripper variable stiffness structure large deformation modeling feedback control soft robotic system

Characteristics of Particulate Matter Emissions for Low-Sulfur Heavy Oil Used in Low-Speed Two-Stroke Diesel Engines of ocean-Going Ships

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 739-750页

作者： WU Gang MA Qianli WEI Lijiang JIANG Guohe WANG Tengfei LI Tie Merchant Marine College Shanghai Maritime UniversityShanghai201306China state key laboratory of ocean engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

In this work,particulate matter(PM) emissions from a large two-stroke,low-speed marine diesel engine were investigated when the engine was operated with low-sulfur heavy fuel oil(HFO) at various *** samples were collected in situ from the engine exhaust to determine the detailed physical and chemical *** nanostructure and morphology of the nanoparticles were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy images(TEM).The results show that volatile organic carbon(OC) accounts for more than 80% in the HFO particles and leads to an increase in particle *** thermodynamic conditions of a low-speed engine favor the behavior of capturing the soluble organic components.A large number of spherical char HFO particles with aerodynamic diameters of 0.2 μm-0.5 μm and a suspected inner metal core were *** two peak aerodynamic diameters of the HFO nanoparticles are 15 nm and 86 *** morphological differences among the HFO nanoparticles in varied engine conditions represent the formation process from primary nascent particles to mature graphitized particles caused by *** above study will be valuable for understanding the characteristics of PM emissions from low-sulfur HFO to achieve the ship PM emissions reduction target.

关键词： low-speed diesel engine maritime regulations heavy fuel oil TEM particles size and distribution

Insights into the role of oxygen-containing functional groups on carbon surface in water–electricity generation

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6645-6653页

作者： Wan Xue Zongbin Zhao Honghui Bi Bolun Zhang Xuzhen Wang Jieshan Qiu state key laboratory of Fine Chemicals Liaoning Key Laboratory for Energy Materials and Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China state key laboratory of Fine Chemicals Liaoning Key Laboratory for Energy Materials and Chemical EngineeringSchool of ChemistryDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China state key laboratory of Chemical Resource engineering College of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

A deep understanding of the electricity generation mechanism from the interaction between water molecules and carbon material surfaces is attractive for next-generation water-based energy conversion and storage ***,an asymmetric generator was assembled based on functionalized carbon nanotubes films to investigate the relative contribution from various oxygen functional groups on carbon surface to the water-electrical *** and calculations demonstrate that the electricity mainly originates from the water molecule adsorption by carboxyl groups and dissociation of functional groups on carbon surface,which leads to the formation of electrical double layers at *** device allows the electricity generation with a variety of water sources,such as deionized water,tap water,as well as *** particular,the generator based on carboxyl carbon nanotubes can induce a voltage of over 200 mV spontaneously in natural seawater with the power density of about 0.11 mW·g^(−1).High voltages can be achieved easily through the series-connection strategy to power electronic products such as a liquid crystal *** work reveals the dominant role of carboxyl groups in carbon-based water–electricity conversion and is expected to offer inspiration for the preparation of carbon materials with high electrical performance.

关键词： electricity generation water adsorption dissociation carboxyl groups carbon nanotubes

Numerical and experimental study of the effects of wind turbine operation on sand-dust transport characteristics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 97-113页

作者： Gaosheng Ma Hong Han Ye Li Deshun Li Yan Wang Ning Fu Quan Zheng Rennian Li School of Energy and Power engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China Gansu Provincial Technology Center for Wind Turbines Lanzhou 730050China key laboratory of Fluid Machinery and Systems Lanzhou 730050China Multiple Function Towing Tank laboratory State Key Laboratory of Ocean EngineeringSchool of Naval ArchitectureOcean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Given factors such as reduced land availability for onshore wind farms,wind resource enrichment levels,and costs,there is a growing trend of establishing wind farms in deserts,the Gobi,and other arid ***,the relationship between sanddust weather environments and wind turbine operations has garnered significant *** investigate the impact of wind turbine wakes on sand-dust transportation,this study employs large eddy simulation to model flow fields,coupled with an actuator line model for simulating rotating blades and a multiphase particle in cell model for simulating sand *** research focuses on a horizontal axis wind turbine model and examines the motion and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of four typical sizes of sand particles in the turbine *** findings reveal that sand particles of varying sizes exhibit a spiral settling pattern after traversing the rotating plane of wind turbine blades,influenced by blade shedding vortex and *** particles tend to cluster in the peripheries of the vortex cores of low vorticity in the wind turbine *** rotation of wind turbines generates a wake vortex structure that causes a significant clustering of sand particles at the tip *** the wake distance increases,the particles that cluster at the turbine's tip gradually spread outward to approximately twice the rotor diameter and then begin to mix with the incoming flow *** turbines have a noticeable impact on sand-dust transportation,hindering their movement to a significant *** average sand-blocking rate exhibits a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing as the wake distance *** its peak,the sand-blocking rate reaches an impressive 67.55%.The presence of wind turbines induces the advanced settling of sand particles,resulting in a“triangular”distribution of the deposition within the ground projection area of the wake.

关键词： wind turbine particle transportation actuator line model dry deposition particle clustering

Potassium isotopic signatures of modern offshore detrital sediments from different climatic regimes and the implications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 405-419页

作者： Jun MU Tianyu CHEN Qian YU Shichao AN Jianfang CHEN Xuefa SHI Weiqiang LI state key laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Ministry of Education key laboratory for Coast and Island Development School of Geography and Ocean ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China state key laboratory of Satellite ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou310012China key laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao266061China

Potassium isotopes are a novel tracer for continental *** K isotope studies on chemical weathering generally targeted weathering profiles under a particular climate region,yet the effects of chemical weathering on K isotopes under different climatic backgrounds remain ***,little is known about the K isotope signatures of modern unconsolidated detrital ***,we report K isotopic data of surficial seafloor sediments from continental shelves along the east coast of China(ECC),as well as those around the tropical Hainan island in the northern South China *** ECC sediments have a relatively narrow distribution ofδ^(41)K(with reference to NIST3141a)values,which range from(-0.40±0.01)‰to(-0.57±0.04)‰,with an average of(-0.51±0.09)‰.By contrast,δ^(41)K values of Hainan offshore sediments display a larger variation,ranging from(-0.28±0.07)‰to(-0.67±0.02)‰.Theδ^(41)K values of Hainan offshore sediments exhibit negative correlations with the chemical index of alteration(CIA),Al/K,Ti/K,and total iron(FeT),which underlines the control of chemical weathering on K isotopic signatures of detritus inputs into *** also measured Mg isotope compositions for the same samples;interestingly,the variability inδ^(26)Mg of the samples is small(~0.24‰)for all ECC and Hainan offshore sediments,andδ^(26)Mg values do not show clear correlations with indexes of chemical *** study demonstrates the link between K isotopic variability of detrital sediments and climatic conditions including rainfall intensity,which indicates that K isotopes of the detrital component of marine sediments could be applied to study Earth’s climate in deep ***δ^(41)K values of the offshore detrital sediments are significantly less variable than those of pelagic marine sediments,highlighting the importance of distinguishing the effects of diagenesis and neoformation of clay minerals from continental weathering in attempts to study deep-time climate-weathering

关键词： Potassium isotopes Magnesium isotopes Chemical weathering Detrital sediments Climatic regimes Mean annual precipitation