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Genetic Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Contents of Mineral Nutrients in Rice Grain

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2009年第1期51卷 84-92页

作者： Ana Luisa Garcia-Oliveira Department of plant Genetics and Breeding and State key laboratory of plant Physiology and Biochemistry China Agricultural University National Centre for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild plant Rice Beijing key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Genome of Ministry of Agriculture

In present study, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ca, Mg, P and K contents of 85 introgression lines （ILs） derived from a cross between an elite indica cultivar Teqing and the wild rice （Oryza rufipogon） were measured by inductively coupled argon plasma （ICAP） spectrometry. Substantial variation was observed for all traits and most of the mineral elements were significantly positive correlated or independent except for Fe with Cu. A total of 31 putative quantitative trait loci （QTLs） were detected for these eight mineral elements by single point analysis. Wild rice （O. rufipogon） contributed favorable alleles for most of the QTLs （26 QTLs）, and chromosomes 1,9 and 12 exhibited 14 QTLs （45%） for these traits. One major effect of QTL for zinc content accounted for the largest proportion of phenotypic variation （11%-19%） was detected near the simple sequence repeats marker RM152 on chromosome 8. The co-locations of QTLs for some mineral elements observed in this mapping population suggested the relationship was at a molecular level among these traits and could be helpful for simultaneous improvement of these traits in rice grain by marker assisted selection.

关键词： introgression lines mineral elements Oryza sativa Oryza rufipogon quantitative trait loci.

Genome sequencing reveals the evolution and pathogenic mechanisms of the wheat sharp eyespot pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis

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The Crop Journal 2023年第2期11卷 405-416页

作者： Lin Lu Feilong Guo Zhichao Zhang Xiuliang Zhu Yu Hao Jinfeng Yu Wenwu Ye Zengyan Zhang National key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/key laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic ChinaInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of plant Pathology/key laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic China) The Key Laboratory of Plant ImmunityNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina College of plant Protection Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018ShandongChina

The necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis is the causal agent of devastating diseases of cereal crops including wheat(Triticum aestivum).We present a high-quality genome assembly of *** Rc207,a virulent strain causing wheat sharp *** assembly(56.36 Mb)is composed of 17.87%repeat sequences and 14,433 predicted protein-encoding *** Rc207 genome encodes a large and diverse set of genes involved in pathogenicity,especially rich in those encoding secreted proteins,carbohydrateactive enzymes(CAZymes),peptidases,nucleases,cytochrome P450,and secondary metabolismassociated *** secretory protein-encoding genes,including CAZymes,peroxygenases,dehydrogenases,and cytochrome P450,were up-regulated during fungal infection of *** identified 831 candidate secretory effectors and validated the functions of 10 up-regulated candidate effector *** them,nine were confirmed as necrotrophic pathogen’s effectors promoting fungal *** potential mobile or plastic genomic regions rich in repeat sequences suggest their roles in fungal adaption and virulence-associated genomic *** study provides valuable resources for further comparative and functional genomics on important fungal pathogens,and provides essential tools for development of effective disease control strategies.

关键词： Effector Evolution Pathogenesis Rhizoctonia cerealis Secretory proteins Sharp eyespot Wheat(Triticum aestivum)

A new loss-of-function allele 28y reveals a role of ARGONAUTE1 in limiting asymmetric division of stomatal lineage ground cell

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2014年第6期56卷 539-549页

作者： Kezhen Yangy Min Jiangy Jie Le key laboratory of plant Molecular Physiology Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences

In Arabidopsis thaliana L., stomata are produced through a series of divisions including asymmetric and symmetric divisions. Asymmetric entry division of meristemoid mother cellproduces two daughter cells, the smal er meristemoid and the larger sister cell, a stomatal lineage ground cell（SLGC）. Stomatal lineage ground cells can differentiate into epidermal pavement cells but have the potential to divide asymmetrical y, spacing divisions, to create satel ite meristemoids. Peptide ligands and TOO MANY MOUTHS （TMM） and ERECTA family receptors regulate the initiation of stomatal lineages, activity, and orientation of spacing divisions. Here, we reported that a natural mutant 28y displayed an increased stomatal density and index. Using map-based cloning, we identified mutation in ARGONAUTE1 （AGO1） as the cause of 28y phenotypes. Time-lapse tracing of stomatal lineage cells reveals that stomatal overproduction in 28y is caused by the excessive asymmetric spacing division of *** genetic results demonstrated that AGO1 acts down-stream of TMM and negatively regulates the SPCH transcripts, but in a brassinosteroid-independent manner. Upregulation of AGAMOUS-LIKE16 （AGL16） in 28y mutants suggests that AGO1 is required to restrict AGL16-mediated stomatal spacing divisions, an miRNA pathway in addition to ligand-receptor signaling modules.

关键词： Arabidopsis ARGONAUTEI cell division stomatal development

Silencing GRAS2 reduces fruit weight in tomato

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2018年第6期60卷 498-513页

作者： Miao Li Xin Wang Changxing Li Hanxia Li Junhong Zhang Zhibiao Ye key laboratory of Horticultural plant Biology Ministry of Education Huazhong Agricultural University

GRAS family transcription factors are involved in multiple biological processes in plants. Here, we report that GRAS2 plays a vital role in regulating fruit weight in tomato （Solanum lycopersicum）. We establish that the expression of GRAS2 was elevated in ovaries and maintained at a constant level in fertilized ovules. Reduction of GRAS2 expression in transgenic plants reduced fruit weight through modulating ovary growth and cell size. At the metabolic level, downregulation of GRAS2 decreased activities of the gibberellic acid biosyn- thesis and signal transduction pathways, leading to insufficient levels of active gibberellic acid during the initial ovary development of tomato. Moreover, genotypic diversity of GRAS2 was consistent with the molecular basis of fruit weight evolution, suggesting that GRAS2 contributes to the molecular basis of the evolution of fruit weight in tomato. Collectively, these findings enhance our understanding of GRAS2 functions, in fruit development of tomato, and demonstrate a strong association between the GRAS gene family and fruit development.

关键词： Philip W. Becraft Iowa State University USA

Integration of Metabolomics and Subcellular Organelle Expression Microarray to Increase Understanding the Organic Acid Changes in Post-harvest Citrus Fruit

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2013年第11期55卷 1038-1053页

作者： Xiaohua Sun Andan Zhu Shuzhen Liu Ling Sheng Qiaoli Ma Li Zhang Elsayed Mohamed Elsayed Nishawy Yunliu Zeng Juan Xu Zhaocheng Ma Yunjiang Cheng Xiuxin Deng key laboratory of Horticultural plant Biology Ministry of Education Huazhong Agricultural University

Citric acid plays an important role in fresh fruit flavor and its adaptability to post-harvest storage conditions. In order to explore organic acid regulatory mechanisms in post-harvest citrus fruit, systematic biological analyses were conducted on stored Hirado Buntan Pummelo （HBP; Citrus grandis） fruits. High- performance capillary electrophoresis, subcellular organelle expression microarray, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography mass spectrometry （GC-MS）, and conventional physiological and biochemical analyses were undertaken. The results showed that the concentration of organic acids in HBP underwent a regular fluctuation. GC-MS-based metabolic profiling indicated that succinic acid, ~,-aminobutyric acid （GABA）, and glutamine contents increased, but 2- oxoglutaric acid content declined, which further confirmed that the GABA shunt may have some regulatory roles in organic acid catabolism processes. In addition, the concentration of organic acids was significantly correlated with senescence-related physiological processes, such as hydrogen peroxide content as well as superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, which showed that organic acids could be regarded as important parameters for measuring citrus fruit post-harvest senescence processes.

关键词： Citrus gene expression metabolite organic acids post-harvest storage.

Antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities of total alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第1期27卷 167-174页

作者： Lin Zhang Gang Wei Yang Liu Yuangang Zu Qinghui Gai Lei Yang key laboratory of Forest plant Ecology Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry University

We evaluated the hypoglycemic and antioxi- dant effects of the total alkaloids of leaves and twigs of Catharanthus roseus Linn. （CTA） in streptozotocin （STZ）- induced diabetic rats. The hypoglycemic effect was mea- sured by blood glucose and plasma insulin level. Oxidative stress was measured in heart, liver and kidney by levels of antioxidant markers, free radical scavengers and lipid peroxides i.e. superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, glutathione （GSH） and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances （TBARS）. Biochemical parameters, i.e. aspar- tate aminotransferase （AST）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, alkaline phosphate （ALP） were observed in diabetic control and treated rats. Oral administration of CTA for 30 days was followed by a significant （P 〈 0.05） decrease in fasting blood glucose and increase in insulin level as compared with untreated diabetic rats. Also it significantly （P 〈 0.05） reduced ALT, AST and ALP. The treatment also resulted in significant （P 〈 0.05） reductions in GSH, SOD, CAT, and decrease in TBARS in the heart, liver and kidney of diabetic rats. The results suggest that CTA can effectively normalize the impaired antioxidant status in STZ-induced diabetes in a dose-dependent *** exerted rapid protective effects against lipid peroxi- dation by scavenging of free radicals and reducing the risk of diabetic complications.

关键词： Antihyperglycemic activity Antioxidantactivity Catharanthus roseus Streptozotocin-induceddiabetic rats Total alkaloids

plant villins: Versatile actin regulatory proteins

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2015年第1期57卷 40-49页

作者： Shanjin Huang Xiaolu Qu Ruihui Zhang key laboratory of plant Molecular Physiology Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Regulation of actin dynamics is a central theme in cell biology that is important for different aspects of cell physiology. Villin, a member of the villin/gelsolin/fragmin superfamily of proteins, is an important regulator of actin. Villins contain six gelsolin homology domains （G1-G6） and an extra headpiece domain. In contrast to their mammalian counterparts, plant villins are expressed widely, implying that plant villins play a more general role in regulating actin dynamics. Some plant villins have a defined role in modifying actin dynamics in the pollentube; most of their in vivo activities remain to be ascertained. Recently, our understanding of the functions and mechanisms of action for plant villins has progressed rapidly, primarily due to the advent of Arabidopsis thaliana genetic approaches and imaging capabilities that can visualize actin dynamics at the single filament level in vitro and in living plant cells. In this review, we focus on discussing the biochemical activities and modes of regulation of plant villins. Here, we present current understand- ing of the functions of plant villins. Finally, we highlight some of the key unanswered questions regarding the functions and regulation of plant villins for future research.

关键词： Actin bundle actin capping actin cytoskeleton filamentsevering villin

Degeneration of photosynthetic capacity in mixotrophic plants, Chimaphila japonica and Pyrola decorata (Ericaceae)

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plant Diversity 2017年第2期39卷 80-88页

作者： Jiaojun Yu Chaobo Wang Xun Gong key laboratory for plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650201 PR China Yunnan key laboratory for wild plant Resources Kunming 650201 PR China key laboratory of Economic plants and Biotechnology Kunming Institute of Botany Kunming PR China

The evolution of photosynthesis is an important feature of mixotrophic *** inferences proposed that mixotrophic taxa tend to retain most genes relating to photosynthetic functions but vary in plastid gene ***,no sequence data are available to test this hypothesis in *** investigate changes in plastid genomes that may result from a transition from autotrophy to mixotrophy,the plastomes of two mixotrophic plants,Pyrola decorata and Chimaphila japonica,were sequenced at Illumina's Genome Analyzer and compared to the published plastome of the autotrophic plant Rhododendron simsii,which also belongs to *** greatest discrepancy between mixotrophic and autotrophic plants was that ndh genes for both *** and *** plastomes have nearly all become *** and *** also retained all genes directly involved in photosynthesis under strong *** calculated rate of nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions and synonymous substitutions of protein-coding genes(dN/dS) showed that substitution rates in shade plants were apparently higher than those in sunlight *** two mixotrophic plastomes were generally very similar to that of non-parasitic plants,although ndh genes were largely *** genes under strong selection were retained in the two mixotrophs,however,with greatly increased substitution *** research is needed to gain a clearer understanding of the evolution of autotrophy and mixotrophy in Ericaceae.

关键词： Chimaphila japonica Pyrola decorata Mixotroph Plastid genome

A lipid droplet-associated protein Nem1 regulates appressorium function for infection of Magnaporthe oryzae

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aBIOTECH 2023年第2期4卷 108-123页

作者： Deng Chen Xuan Cai Junjie Xing Shen Chen Juan Zhao Zhiguang Qu Guotian Li Hao Liu Lu Zheng Junbin Huang Xiao-Lin Chen State key laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Provincial key laboratory of plant Pathology of Hubei Province College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China State key laboratory of Hybrid Rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research CenterChangsha 410125China Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of High Technology for plant Protection Plant Protection Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

Lipid droplets are important storages in fungal conidia and can be used by plant pathogenic fungi for ***,the regulatory mechanism of lipid droplets formation and the utilization during fungal development and infection are largely ***,in Magnaporthe oryzae,we identified a lipid droplet-associated protein Nem1 that played a key role in lipid droplets biogenesis and ***1 was highly expressed in conidia,but lowly expressed in appressoria,and its encoded protein was localized to lipid *** of NEM1 resulted in reduced numbers of lipid droplets and decreased content of diacylglycerol(DAG)or triacylglycerol(TAG).NEM1 was required for asexual development especially conidia ***Δnem1 mutant was nearly loss of virulence to host plants due to defects in appressorial penetration and invasive ***,Nem1 was regulated by the TOR signaling pathway and involved in the autophagy *** Ser303 residue of Nem1 could be phosphorylated by the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway and was important for biological function of ***,our study revealed a regulatory mechanism of lipid biogenesis and metabolism during the conidium and appressorium formation of the rice blast fungus.

关键词： Lipid biogenesis TOR signaling cAMP-PKA signaling Conidium formation Appressorium Magnaporthe oryzae