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Trends in Arctic summer cloud variability from 2000 to 2022 and the potential causes

science China Earth sciences 2025年第04期68卷 1245-1260页

作者： Haotian ZHANG Chuanfeng ZHAO Annan CHEN Yikun YANG Jiefeng LI Xin ZHAO Yue ZHOU Hao FAN department of atmospheric and Oceanic sciences School of PhysicsPeking University Faculty of Geographical science Beijing Normal University department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology School of Systems science Beijing Normal University

Climate change in the Arctic serves as a pivotal indicator of alterations in the global climate system, with clouds playing an essential role in regulating the surface radiative energy balance in the Arctic. Elucidating the patterns of Arctic cloud variability and the underlying mechanisms is of paramount scientific importance for understanding Arctic climate *** analysis of Arctic cloud characteristics reveals that since the onset of the 21st century, low clouds have predominantly comprised the Arctic summer cloud fraction(approximately 60%), followed by middle clouds(approximately 30%). The total-cloud fraction has exhibited a marked increasing trend, especially in the Beaufort Sea and Chukchi Sea(0.45%/yr). An attribution analysis suggests that the changes in the Arctic cloud fraction are chiefly driven by trends in two atmospheric circulation modes: The Arctic Oscillation(AO) and the Arctic dipole anomaly(DA). During positive phases of the AO, the cloud fraction increases across all Arctic basins. Conversely, in the positive phases of the DA, the cloud fraction decreases in the Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, and Greenland Sea, whereas it increases in the East Siberian Sea, Kara Sea, and Barents Sea,indicating an “east-west” dipole distribution. Since 2000, the AO has been on an upward trend, whereas the DA has been declining. The combined effect of these two modes has resulted in a significant increase in the cloud fraction within the Beaufort Sea region. Further examination of cloud radiative effects indicates that an increase in the cloud fraction intensifies both longwave warming and shortwave cooling effects, leading to an overall net negative radiative effect. Analyzing the long-term trends in Arctic summer clouds enhances our comprehension of Arctic climate change.

关键词： Arctic cloud Cloud radiative effect atmospheric circulation Arctic oscillation Arctic dipole anomaly

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Characteristics of Energy Fluxes and Cold Frontal Effects on Energy Exchange over a Boreal Lake

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 2025年第2期42卷 357-372页

作者： Lujun XU Huizhi LIU Ivan MAMMARELLA Aki VÄHÄ Joonatan ALA-KÖNNI Xuefei LI Qun DU Yang LIU Timo VESALA State Key Laboratory of atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100864China department of atmospheric sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Institute for atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki 00014Finland

Understanding the characteristics and variations of heat exchange and evaporation of lakes is important for regional water resource management and sustainable *** on eddy covariance measurements over Lake Vanajavesi in southern Finland,characteristics of energy fluxes and cold frontal effects on energy exchange were *** lake acted as a heat sink in spring and summer and a heat source in *** latent heat flux reached its minimum value in the morning and peaked in the *** diurnal variation of sensible heat flux was opposite to that of latent heat *** factors for the sensible heat flux were mainly the lake-air temperature difference and the product of lake-air temperature difference and wind *** latent heat flux was mainly affected by the vapor pressure deficit and the product of vapor pressure deficit and wind *** annual mean values of bulk transfer coefficients for momentum,heat,and water vapor were 1.98×10^(-3),1.62×10^(-3),and 1.31×10^(-3),*** transfer coefficients for heat and water vapor were not equal,indicating that the parameterization of energy exchange in numerical models,where the assumption that the heat coefficient equals the water vapor coefficient needs *** the ice-free season,cold fronts resulted in 28 sensible heat pulses and 17 latent heat pulses,contributing to 50.59%and 34.89%of sensible and latent heat exchange in Lake *** results indicate that cold fronts significantly impact the surface energy budget and evaporation over lakes.

关键词： sensible heat flux latent heat flux roughness length bulk transfer coefficient cold front

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Structure-performance relationship between denitration performance and catalytic interface morphologies of MnCeOx/P84 catalytic filters

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第3期43卷 516-525页

作者： Bo Yang Yujie Lei Maosen Ni Liuying Wang Qiong Huang Mindong Chen Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution ControlSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&Technology

MnCeOx/P84 catalytic filters with spherical,flower-like,cubic and rod-like catalytic interfaces were synthesized respectively,and their catalytic activities in the NH3-SCR reaction were *** MnCeOx/P84 catalytic filter with spherical catalytic interfaces（recorded as S-MnCeOx/P84） exhibits the best catalytic denitration *** NOxremoval efficiency of S-MnCeOx/P84 reaches the highest value of 98.6% at 160℃ when the catalyst loading is 100 g/*** the same time,S-MnCeOx/P84 exhibits good SO2resistance and stability,achieving a NOxremoval rate of 83% at 190℃ with 30 ppm *** characterization results illustrate that the MnCeOxactive component in S-MnCeOx/P84 is present in weak crystalline states,tightly wrapped around the surface of the filter fiber,and uniformly dispersed,and the mesopore is the main pore structure of the S-MnCeOx/P84,which can provide a channel for the catalytic reaction to *** the same time,transmission electron microscopy（TEM） characterization shows that y-MnO2is the main form of MnO2in the S-MnCeOx/*** analysis of H2temperature programmed reduction（H2-TPR）.NH3temperature programmed desorption（NH3-TPD） and in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared spectra（DRIFTS） show that S-MnCeOx/P84 has good redox ability at 100-200℃ and has abundant Lewis acid sites and Br?nsteds acid sites,which provides an important guarantee for its superior low-temperature NH3-SCR denitration performance.

关键词： Catalytic filter Catalytic interface Denitration Nitrogen oxides (NOx) Rare earths

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Effectiveness of Precursor Emission Reductions for the Control of Summertime Ozone and PM2.5 in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region under Different Meteorological Conditions

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 2025年第4期42卷 653-669页

作者： Jing QIAN Hong LIAO Jiangsu Key Laboratory of atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044JiangsuChina

We used observed concentrations of air pollutants,reanalyzed meteorological parameters,and results from the Goddard Earth Observing System Chemical Transport Model to examine the relationships between concentrations of maximum daily 8-h average ozone(MDA8 O_(3)),PM_(2.5)(particulate matter with diameter of 2.5μm or less),and PM_(2.5)components and 2-m temperature(T2)or relative humidity(RH),as well as the effectiveness of precursor emission reductions on the control of O_(3) and PM_(2.5) in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei(BTH)under different summertime temperature and humidity *** observed(simulated)MDA8 O_(3) and PM_(2.5) concentrations increased as T2 went up,with linear trends of 4.8(3.2)ppb℃^(−1) and 1.9(1.5)μg m^(−3)℃^(−1),*** results showed that the decreases in MDA8 O_(3) from precursor emission reductions were more sensitive to T2 than to *** a larger proportion of volatile organic compound(VOC)emissions at higher T2 was more effective for the control of summertime O_(3) in *** the control of summertime PM_(2.5) in BTH,reducing nitrogen oxides(NOx)combined with a small proportion of VOCs was the best *** magnitude of reduction in PM_(2.5) from reducing precursor emissions was more sensitive to RH than to T2,with the best efficiency at high *** from this study are helpful for formulating effective policies to tackle O_(3) and PM_(2.5) pollution in BTH.

关键词： ozone PM_(2.5) emission reductions meteorological conditions

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Significant changes in the physicochemical properties of BC-containing particles during the cold season in Beijing

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第5期151卷 667-676页

作者： Shuya Hu Linghan Zeng Gang Zhao Shiyi Chen Chunsheng Zhao Weilun Zhao Min Hu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control International Joint Research Center for Atmospheric Research(IJRC)College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China department of atmospheric and Oceanic sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Collaborative Innovation Center of atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

The ambient air quality has improved significantly under strict emission controls in Beijing,China over the last *** carbon(BC),as a short-lived climate forcer in ambient aerosols,profoundly impacts the air quality and *** studies have demonstrated a decline in the mass concentration of *** this study,we characterized the chemical compositions and size distributions of BC-containing particles during the cold season of 2022 in Beijing using state-of-the-art instruments capable of exclusively measuring BCcontaining *** optical properties of BC-containing particles were further calculated based on the Mie ***,we compared the properties of BC-containing particles in 2022 with the results of previous *** results showed that the diameters of BC cores became larger while the coating thickness of BC-containing particles became thinner in *** the coating materials,the mass fraction of nitrate increased obviously,and even replaced organic matter as the dominant component during the peak of the pollution *** in chemical compositions and size distributions resulted in lower mass absorption cross-sections(MAC)of BC-containing particles from 10.5±1.1 m^(2)/g in 2016 to 7.3±0.8 m^(2)/g in 2022,reduced by 30.5%.Our results demonstrate the synergistic benefits of air pollution control in improving air quality and mitigating climate ***,the MAC of BC adopted in climate models should vary with the changing air pollution *** study emphasizes that it is imperative to conduct long-term observations of BC-containing particles to better estimate BC’s climate effects.

关键词： Black carbon Chemical composition Size distribution Light absorption ability

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Increase in the variability of terrestrial carbon uptake in response to enhanced future ENSO modulation

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atmospheric and Oceanic science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 32-38页

作者： Younong Li Li Dan Jing Peng Qidong Yang Fuqiang Yang Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of atmospheric Environment and Processes in the Boundary Layer over the Low-Latitude Plateau Region Department of Atmospheric ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is a major driver of climate change in middle and low latitudes and thus strongly influences the terrestrial carbon cycle through land-air *** the ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability are projected to increase in the future,but their connection still needs further *** investigate the impact of future ENSO modulation on carbon flux variability,this study used 10 CMIP6 earth system models to analyze ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability in middle and low latitudes,and their relationship,under different scenarios simulated by CMIP6 *** results show a high consistency in the simulations,with both ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability showing an increasing trend in the *** higher the emissions scenario,especially SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP2-4.5,the greater the increase in *** flux variability in the middle and low latitudes under SSP2-4.5 increases by 30.9%compared to historical levels during 1951-2000,while under SSP5-8.5 it increases by 58.2%.Further analysis suggests that ENSO influences mid-and low-latitude carbon flux variability primarily through *** occurrence may potentially be attributed to the increased responsiveness of gross primary productivity towards regional temperature fluctuations,combined with the intensified influence of ENSO on land surface temperatures.

关键词： Carbon variability ENSO modulation CMIP6 models

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Ultrasonic humidifier aerosols:Observed high heavy metal enrichment and a new emission control method

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第2期148卷 298-305页

作者： Tao Zhang Xiaohui Lu Ruoyu Zhang Xinghua Jiang Shanye Yang Xiewen Ma Qianqian Gao Xiaofei Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

Ultrasonic humidifiers are commonly used in households to maintain indoor humidity and generate a large number of droplets or spray ***,there have been various health concerns associated with humidifier use,largely due to aerosols generated during ***,we investigated the size distribution,chemical composition,and charged fraction of aerosol particles emitted from commercial ultrasonic *** metals in water used for humidifiers were found to be highly enriched in the ultrasonic humidifier aerosols(UHA),with the enrichment factors ranging from 102 to *** enrichment may pose health concerns for the building occupants,as UHA concentrations of up to 106 particles/cm^(3) or 3 mg/m^(3) were ***,approximately 90%of UHA were observed to be electrically charged,for the first time according to our *** on this discovery,we proposed and tested a newmethod to remove UHA by using a simple electrical *** designed electrical field in this work can efficiently remove 81.4%of ***,applying this electrical field could be an effective method to significantly reduce the health risks by UHA.

关键词： Ultrasonic humidifier aerosols Water-to-Air transfer Heavy metal Enrichment factor Electrical field

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Investigation of oxidative potential of fresh and O_(3)-aging PM_(2.5)from various emission sources across urban and rural regions

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第5期151卷 608-615页

作者： Shuaishuai Ma Dongsheng Cheng Yingying Tang Younuo Fan Qiong Li Chengxiang He Zhiqing Zhao Tianyou Xu College of Chemical and Material Engineering Quzhou UniversityQuzhou 324000China Shanghai Key Laboratory of atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science&EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Inhalation of atmospheric PM_(2.5)can induce the generation of excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)in human alveoli,triggering local and systemic inflammation,which can directly or indirectly result in respiratory and cardiovascular *** this study,we assessed the oxidative potential(OP)of fresh and O_(3)-aged PM_(2.5)particles from various urban and rural emission sources using the dithiothreitol(DTT)*** results revealed variations in the OP of fresh PM_(2.5)among different emission sources,with biomass burning sources exhibiting the highest OP,followed by industrial areas,vehicular emissions,cooking emissions,and suburban areas,***-soluble organics and transition metals might potentially exert significant influence on particle OP.O_(3)aging notably decreased the OP of PM_(2.5)particles,possibly due to the oxidation of highly DTT-active components into low redox-active small ***,the evolution of OP in different PM_(2.5)components,including methanol-soluble and insoluble fractions,exhibited distinct responses to O_(3)aging for source-oriented PM_(2.5).Additionally,differences in chemical composition between fresh and aged PM_(2.5)were further elucidated through measurements of component-dependent hygroscopic behaviors and phase *** study systematically delineates variances in the toxic potential of fresh and O_(3)-aged PM_(2.5)from various anthropogenic *** findings highlight the intrinsic compositional dependence of particle OP and provide essential insights for assessing the health effects of source-oriented PM_(2.5),as well as for formulating human health protection policies.

关键词： atmospheric PM_(2.5) Oxidative potential Emission sources DTT assay O_(3)aging

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Causes and predictability of the “explosive” intensification of Super Typhoon Yagi after entering the South China Sea in 2024

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science China Earth sciences 2025年第04期68卷 1298-1302页

作者： Ruifen ZHAN Jie FENG department of atmospheric and Oceanic sciences/Institute of atmospheric sciences Fudan University CMA-FDU Joint Laboratory of Marine Meteorology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocean-land-atmosphere Boundary Dynamics and Climate Change

1. Introduction The intensification of nearshore tropical cyclones(TCs), particularly the process of rapid intensification(RI), poses a severe threat to coastal populations due to its short warning time and devastating impact. It also presents a significant challenge to operational TC forecasting. Therefore, understanding the physical mechanisms and predictability of nearshore TC intensification is of great importance.

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Influence of the Scandinavian Pattern on Summer Extreme Precipitation over the Eastern Slopes of the Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 2025年第3期42卷 438-452页

作者： Quanliang CHEN Ziqi ZHANG Yang LI Yujing LIAO Dandan DONG Plateau atmospheric and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province School of Atmospheric ScienceChengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Shaoxing Yuecheng Meteorological Bureau Shaoxing 312000China Zhejiang Institute of Meteorological sciences Hangzhou 310008China

The Scandinavian(SCA)pattern is an important climate signal in regulating the variability of summer extreme precipitation(SEP)over the eastern slopes of the Tibetan Plateau(ESTP).There is a strong negative correlation between the SCA pattern and SEP over the ESTP,with a correlation coefficient *** budget analysis showed that the dynamic component anomalies of both the zonal and vertical moisture advection induced by the SCA pattern play the dominant roles in extreme precipitation variability over the *** anomalies are solely linked to variations in zonal wind and vertical *** anomalies of the SCA pattern propagate downstream through Rossby waves,leading to the formation of cyclonic circulations over northern East Asia and the Iranian *** westerlies on the southern side of these cyclonic circulations play a crucial role in influencing the development of significant anomalous westerlies over the *** anomalous westerlies bring climatologically moist air from the Tibetan Plateau(TP)to the ESTP,resulting in positive zonal moisture advection anomalies over the ***,these anomalous westerlies transport climatologically warm air from the TP to the ESTP,leading to significant warm advection anomalies and vertical upward motion anomalies over the *** upward motion carries lower-tropospheric moisture upward,resulting in positive vertical moisture advection anomalies over the *** combination of these positive zonal and vertical moisture advection anomalies eventually leads to excessive SEP.

关键词： atmospheric circulation extreme precipitation Scandinavian pattern moisture budget

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